Bioactive compounds from an endophytic fungi Nigrospora aurantiaca

Background Many groups of fungi live as an endophyte in plants. Both published and undiscovered bioactive compounds can be found in endophytic fungi. Various biological activities of bioactive compounds from endophytic fungi had been reported, including anti-inflammatory and anticancerous effects. The chemical investigation of biologically active compounds from endophytic fungi Melaleuca leucadendra Linn. have not yet been stated. Results One new compound, namely nigaurdiol (1), along with five known compounds, xyloketal K (2), bostrycin (3), deoxybostrycin (4), xylanthraquinone (5), and ergosterol (6), were isolated from the Melaleuca leucadendra Linn. associated fungal strain Nigrospora aurantiaca#TMU062. Their chemical structures were elucidated by spectroscopic data and compared with literature. All isolated compounds were evaluated for inhibitory effect of NO production in LPS-activated microglial BV-2 cells. Conclusions Compound 6 exhibited considerable inhibitory effect on NO production with IC50 values of 7.2 ± 1.4 µM and the survival rate of the cells was 90.8 ± 6.7% at the concentration of 10 µM.

Karakteristik Minyak Atsiri Daun Melaleuca leucadendra L. dari Empat Lokasi yang Berbeda Di Kabupaten Paser Kalimantan Timur

Cajuput oil, which comes from the Melaleuca, is one of the NTFPs that is widely used for various health or pharmaceutical products so that it is a product that is in great demand. This study aimed to measure the yield and analyze the physical properties of M. leucadendra L. essential oil which comes from Paser, East Kalimantan. Samples were taken from 4 different locations, namely Rantau Panjang, Jone, Padang Pangrapat and Pondong Baru. Essential oils were obtained from distillation process using the water and steam method. The physical characteristics of essential oils were analyzed including visual color and refractive index using a hand refractometer. The results of M. leucadendra L. oil distillation from 4 locations, namely Rantau Panjang, Jone, Padang Pangrapat and Pondong Baru. showed the various yields, among others, 0.030%, 0.066%, 0.104% and 0.031%. The color of the essential oil observed also varied from yellow to orange and the refractive index range obtained was 1,429-1,450. The results of this study have the potential as a new source of cajuput oil originating from East Kalimantan, however further research is needed to find out about the appropriate distillation technique in order to increase the yield of M. leucadendra essential oil.

Bioactive Compounds from an Endophytic Fungi Nigrospora Aurantiaca

Background: Many groups of fungi live as an endophyte in plants . Endophytic fungi could produce the bioactive compounds which was new or know compounds. Various biological activities of bioactive compounds from endophytic fungi had been reported, including anti-inflammatory and anticancer. Chemical investigation and biological activities of bioactive compounds from endophytic fungi from Melaleuca leucadendra Linn. have not yet been reportedResults: One new compound, namely nigaurdiol (1), together with five known compounds, xyloketal K (2), bostrycin (3), deoxybostrycin (4), xylanthraquinone (5), and ergosterol (6), were isolated from the Melaleuca leucadendra Linn. associated fungal strain Nigrospora aurantiaca #TMU062. Their chemical structures were elucidated by spectroscopic data and compared with literatures. All isolated compounds were evaluated for NO production inhibitory activity in LPS-activated microglial BV-2 cells. Conclusions: Compound 6 exhibited markedly inhibitory activities on NO production with IC50 values of 7.2 ± 1.4 µM and the survival of the cells was 90.8 ± 6.7% at the concentration of 10 µM.

Essential Oil from Melaleuca leucadendra: Antimicrobial, Antikinetoplastid, Antiproliferative and Cytotoxic Assessment

Essential oils (EOs) are known for their use in cosmetics, food industries, and traditional medicine. This study presents the chemical composition and therapeutic properties against kinetoplastid and eukaryotic cells of the EO from Melaleucaleucadendra (L.) L. (Myrtaceae). Forty-five compounds were identified in the oil by GC-MS, containing a major component the 1,8-cineole (61%). The EO inhibits the growth of Leishmania amazonensis and Trypanosoma brucei at IC50 values <10 μg/mL. However, 1,8 cineole was not the main compound responsible for the activity. Against malignant (22Rv1, MCF-7, EFO-21, including resistant sublines MCF-7/Rap and MCF-7/4OHTAMO) and non-malignant (MCF-10A, J774A.1 and peritoneal macrophage) cells, IC50 values from 55 to 98 μg/mL and from 94 to 144 μg/mL were obtained, respectively. However, no activity was observed on Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Aspergillus niger, Candida parapsilosis, Microsporum canis, or Trypanosoma cruzi. The EO was able to control the lesion size and parasite burden in the model of cutaneous leishmaniasis in BALB/c mice caused by L. amazonensis compared to untreated animals (p < 0.05) and similar with those treated with Glucantime® (p > 0.05). This work constitutes the first evidence of antiproliferative potentialities of EO from M. leucadendra growing in Cuba and could promote further preclinical investigations to confirm the medical value of this plant, in particular for leishmaniasis treatment.

PENGARUH EKSTRAK DAUN NILAM (Pogostemon cablin Benth.), DAUN KAYU PUTIH (Melaleuca leucadendra Linn.) DAN DAUN SERAI WANGI (Cymbopogon citratus (D.C. ex Nees.)) TERHADAP REPELLENCY KUTU KEBUL (Bemisia tabaci Genn.)

Bemisia tabaci merupakan serangga vektor penyakit virus kuning tanaman cabai. Pengendalian dengan menggunakan insektisida sintetik berlebihan memiliki dampak yang negatif, sehingga dicari upaya alternatif dengan menggunakan insektisida nabati bersifat repellent. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh ekstrak daun nilam, serai wangi dan kayu putih pada konsentrasi 40% terhadap repellency B. tabaci dan mengetahui ekstrak yang paling repellent terhadap B. tabaci. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Entomologi Balitsa, Lembang pada bulan April sampai Juni 2015, menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan empat perlakuan yaitu ekstrak nilam, kayu putih, serai wangi dan kontrol terdiri dari enam ulangan pada dua waktu pengamatan. Pengujian dilakukan menggunakan olfaktometer dua lengan. Pengamatan dilakukan pada jumlah B. tabaci dikedua lengan olfaktometer. Data diolah menggunakan teknik ANAVA dan uji Duncan taraf nyata 5%, serta dihitung daya repellency untuk menentukan kelas repellency. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak nilam, kayu putih dan serai wangi memiliki pengaruh terhadap repellency B. tabaci, dan ekstrak paling efektif bersifat repellent adalah ekstrak daun serai wangi dengan persentase repellency 48,33% dan 45,00%, serta daya repellency sebesar 100% terletak di kelas lima pada kedua waktu pengamatan.Kata Kunci : repellency, ekstrak nilam, ekstrak kayu putih, ekstrak serai wangi, Bemisia tabaci

Analisis Kesesuaian Lahan Budidaya Tanaman Kayu Putih (Melaleuca leucadendra) di Kecamatan Bukit Batu Kota Palangka Raya Provinsi Kalimantan Tengah

Salah satu lokasi yang menghasilkan produksi tanaman kayu putih (Melaleuca leucadendra) di Kalimantan Tengah adalah Kecamatan Bukit Batu. Pemasaran tanaman kayu putih oleh masyarakat tidak terlalu sulit, karena tersedia perusahaan yang akan menampung dan membeli hasil budidaya tanaman masyarakat. Permasalahannya adalah pertumbuhan tanaman kayu putih tidak merata. Perlu dilakukan upaya yaitu melakukan kajian kesesuai lahan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahuai apakah tanaman kayu putih sesuai dengan kondisi lahan di Kecamatan Bukit Batu. Metode penelitian yang digunakan deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil kesesuaian lahan tanaman kayu putih tergolong sesuai marginal faktor pembatas C organik (S3) dan tidak sesuai N dengan faktor pembatas pH (H20), tekstur pasir sulit untuk diatasi atau tidak dapat diatasi.