CHANGES IN THE INTENSITY OF FREE RADICAL LIPID OXIDATION IN PATIENTS WITH BRONCHIAL ASTHMA WITH CONCOMITANT CHRONIC NON-CALCULOUS CHOLECYSTITIS

INTRODUCTION: The incidence rate of chronic non-calculous cholecystitis (CNCC) in the population is 35-38%, and in elderly patients it reaches to 65-72%. Free radical lipid oxidation (FRLO) plays a significant role in the development and progression of bronchial asthma (BA). The initiators of FRLO excessive activation can be the following: hypoxia, inflammation, immune damage to membranes and the imperfection of the antioxidant defense. OBJECTIVE: To compare the intensity of FRLO processes in patients with BA and comorbid CNCC, and patients with BA and CNCC each without any comorbidities.. METHODS: The study was performed on 92 patients: 30 patients with BA (group 1), 30 patients with BA and comorbid CNCC (group 2), and 32 patients with CNCC (group 3). The control group consisted of 30 practically healthy persons (PHP). The number of compounds with isolated double bonds (IDB), diene conjugates (DC), ketodienes and conjugated trienes (K/CT), and malonic aldehyde (MA) in erythrocytes and blood plasma were determined. RESULTS: In groups 1, 2, and 3, the content of IDB was higher in comparison with PHP by 1.4, 1.7, and 1.6 times respectively. In group 1, plasma K/CT was 12.0% higher, and DC was 1.5 times higher compared to the PHP group. In group 2, DC and K/CT were higher by 1.7 times and by 21.7% as compared with PHP. In group 1, plasma MA and red blood cell MA were higher by 18.0% and 29.8%. The highest content of plasma MA and red blood cell MA in group 2 of patients was 69.8% and 54.3% respectively. In group 3, plasma MA was 34.7% higher, and red blood cell MA was 44.4% higher compared to the normal values. CONCLUSIONS: Intensification of FRLO processes leads to disruption of microcirculation and metabolic processes in the bronchial epithelium, supports local inflammatory process in the gallbladder and bronchi and promotes inhibition of tissue respiration with increased tissue hypoxia, which, in turn, leads to the progression of broncho-obstruction.

The state of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant protection systems in patients with different of local cold injury of the extremities

The authors studied the state of lipid peroxidation systems and antioxidant protection in of the extremities in different periods. It was revealed that in patients with frostbite of the radical oxidation and the level of antioxidant protection depended on periods of cold 20 people were in the control group, 30 patients with local cold trauma in the early reactive late reactive period (LRP) there were 40 people, and in the granulation and epithelization period (GEP) there were 15 people. There was a persistent increase in the concentration of the early, late reactive periods and the period of granulation and epithelization. In red blood cells, the content of intermediate intermediates of free radical lipid oxidation increases. The catalase activity in erythrocytes of victims with frostbite of the extremities decreases, but does not change in the blood serum. The dynamics of the serum in patients at different times of local cold injury in comparison with healthy people is not observed.

THE ANTIOXIDANT IN THE COMPOSITIONOF ANTIPARASITIC PASTE FOR HORSES

The long-running parasitic process adversely affects the viability of the antioxidant defense system, which is reflected in an increase in the onset of the maximum signal reduction and a decrease in the AOA. For the treatment of equine helminth infections, drugs are needed that combine high anthelmintic efficacy with a simultaneous immunostimulating effect. The use of antioxidants in the composition of antiparasitic drugs increases the effectiveness of deworming. The use of the antiparasitic drug alezan containing ivermectin, praziquantel and antioxidant santohin in helminthiases of horses once at the rate of 1 g of paste per 100 kg of animal weight in a therapeutic dose ensured the complete elimination of worms from the host's body by the 10th day of research. The drug is used for therapeutic and prophylactic purposes. Significant changes in the content of total protein, alpha- and gamma-globulins, AlAt and AsAt by the 28th day of research indicate that there is no negative effect of deworming. Information was obtained on the positive effect of the antiparasitic paste with antioxidant on the light sum (S) and maximum flare (Imax), which is characterized by a decrease in the level of free radical lipid oxidation with a decrease in the light sum of radicals by 14.6% and an increase in the antioxidant activity of horse serum by 26.5% on the 7th day. By the 14th day, the radical sum of radicals decreased by 16.9%, the maximum luminescence intensity – by 34.3%, and on the 28th day the light sum index was 26.73, which corresponded to the standard data. With chronic parasitic invasion, a low AOA was observed.

FEATURES OF CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS, FREE RADICAL, COAGULATION AND AGGREGATION PROPERTIES OF BLOOD IN PATIENTS WITH CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA

Introduction: In recent years in Ukraine, as in the entire world, there has been an increase in cases of domestic injuries with a raise in the number of patients with craniocerebral trauma and its consequences. The aim of our research was to study clinical symptoms, the state of free radical oxidation, aggregate and hemocoagulative properties of blood in patients with mild craniocerebral trauma. Materials and methods: We conducted comprehensive clinical and laboratory examination of 34 patients with mild craniocerebral trauma and 20 apparently healthy patients (the control group). The diagnosis was made under ICD-10. The verification of the diagnosis was based on data from clinical examination, neurological status of neuroimaging (computer tomography and magnetic resonance imaging). The study group included 24 men and 10 women aged from 19 to 40. In addition, 20 apparently healthy individuals of the same age were examined, who comprised the control group (14 men and 6 women). In the blood parameters of all patients, we examined free radical oxidation, hemostasis and aggregation properties of platelets. Results: The conducted study revealed clinical disturbances, changes in the parameters of free radical lipid oxidation, coagulation and microcirculatory hemostasis. Conclusions: All patients with mild craniocerebral trauma, develop disturbances in the form of symptoms of microorganic lesion of the central nervous system: convergence weakness in 100% of patients, Mann’s symptom (76.4%), disruption of the function of the cranial nerves (58.8%), signs of pyramidal insufficiency (68.4%), vestibular disorders (94.1%), autonomic vascular dysfunction (100%). Mild craniocerebral trauma is accompanied by the activation of free radical lipid oxidation processes, decreased activity of antioxidant enzymes, hypercoagulation, and increased aggregation properties of platelets.

The influence of oxidative stress on the state of the antioxidant defense system in the organism of rats

This article presents the results of research on the influence of oxidative stress on the intensity of the process of lipid peroxidation and the activity of the glutathione system of antioxidant defense in the organisms of rats. Intramuscular injection of 50% solution of tetrachloromethane at a dose of 0.25 ml per100 gof body weight to rats from the experimental group causes activation of the process of free radical lipid oxidation with excessive accumulation of intermediate anf final products of lipid peroxidation. The research results indicate that the development of oxidative stress leads to significant and probable acceleration of the formation and accumulation in the plasma of the rats, in all stages of the experiment, of lipid hydroperoxides and malonic dialdehyde. The highest level of hydroperoxides of lipids in the blood plasma of rats under oxidative stress was on the second day of the experiment, where it was 843 unE/ml, whereas in the control this index was 0.245 unE/ml. During the research into the content of malondialdehyde it was found that in the experimental group of animals it was 2.03 times higher than in the control group on the 5th day. On the 10th and 14th days of the experiment we observed a slight reduction in the levels of lipid hydroperoxides and malondialdehyde. The development of oxidative stress also leads to inhibition of the glutathione system of antioxidant defense in the rats’ organism. This shows the low activity of glutathione peroxidase and the low level of restored glutathione in the blood of the rats from the experimental group. On the 5th day of experiment the activity of glutathione peroxidase and restored glutathione level in the blood of the rats which were injected with carbon tetrachloride was at its lowest, compared with the control these indices decreased respectively by 53% and 51%. On the 10th and 14th days of the experiment the activity of glutathione peroxidase and restored glutathione level in the blood of the rats from the experimental group were slightly increased, but compared to the control they were still significantly lower. Significant disturbances were found in the oxidation-antioxidant balance of the animals under oxidative stress, which is characterized by the activation of the processes of free radical lipid oxidation with excessive accumulation of intermediate and final products and the inhibition of the antioxidant defense system.

Functional state of a sphingomyeline cycle and free radical lipid oxidation activity of a rat's liver during different phases of starvation

The functional state of a sphingomyeline cycle and character of its mutual relations with the processes of free radical lipid oxidation during starvation of animals without any restriction of access to drinking water at 1, 2, 3 day (I phase) and 6 day (II phase of starvation) were studied at the liver of rats. The maximal values of the ceramide/sphingomyeline ratio and activity neutral sphingomyelinase and executive caspase-3 were reached in a liver of animals at the 3rd day of starvation . From the 3rd day of starvation the concentration of the tumour necrosis factor-α which is one of activators neutral sphingomyelinase was increase in rats blood serum. During the extent of large part of the I phase of starvation the intensity of free radical lipid peroxidation in a liver had almost the same level as in control group - that was a result of the high-grade functioning of antioxidant defense system. After transition the I phase of starvation into the II phase (6 day of experiment) the oxidative stress was developed as result of an exhaustion of system antioxidant defense potential in a liver. The results of this data can testify that during I phase of starvation in a liver the conditions was raised for display of the ceramide-mediated proapoptotic signalling. We assume that ceramide-mediated apoptosis is one of mechanisms of optimization of liver cellular population at the frames of metabolic adaptation. The I phase of starvation in a liver proves by the ceramide-mediated proapoptotic signaling developing. During the II phase of starvation the oxidative stress process were prevailed.