Characteristics and Risk Factors of Recurrent Epistaxis in Geriatric Patients

Background and Objectives Recurrent epistaxis requiring emergency department (ED) visits results in increased morbidity in the elderly and associated with high health care costs. This study is to analyze the frequency and characteristics of epistaxis patients in the elderly and to find out the risk factors and effective treatment for recurrent epistaxis. Subjects and Method We studied retrospectively the clinical cases of 977 emergency patients and 155 patients, aged over 65, for the treatment of epistaxis during the last 10 years from January 2008 to January 2018. The group A, comprised of 95 patients (68.29%), was treated with an initial treatment. The group B, which comprised of 60 patients (38.71%), visited for re-bleeding following an initial treatment. Results Patients made 2 to 10 ED visits due to re-bleeding and 32 of the 60 patients (53.5%) visited twice. The electrocauterization was the most common (61.7%) for treatment method during rebleeding, followed by posterior packing (18.3%). The factors that increases the risk of recurrent epistaxis are anticoagulants, posterior epistaxis, anterior packing, inefficient ED packing. There was no correlation between comorbidities and rebleeding. Conclusion Accurate medical history taking of anticoagulants may enable personnel to provide more effective management of these patients. The most important factors in the failure of primary care were not being able to find the precise area of bleeding and ineffective packing during the initial treatment. Therefore, it is important that we must carefully check the areas using the endoscope to decrease the failure of initial treatment of epistaxis.

Sheep in Species-Rich Temperate Grassland: Combining Behavioral Observations with Vegetation Characterization

Foraging behavior of livestock in species-rich, less intensively managed grassland communities will require different methodologies from those appropriate in floristically simple environments. In this pilot study on sheep in species-rich grassland in northern Estonia, foraging behavior and the plant species of the immediate area grazed by the sheep were registered by continually-recording Go-Pro cameras. From three days of observation of five sheep (706 animal-minutes), foraging behavior was documented. Five hundred and thirty-six still images were sampled, and a plant species list was compiled for each. Each plant species was assigned a score indicating its location, in the ecophysiological sense, on the main environmental gradient. The scores of the plant species present were averaged for each image. Thus, the fine structure of foraging behavior could be studied in parallel with the vegetation of the precise area being grazed. As expected, there was considerable individual variation, and we characterized foraging behavior by quantifying the patterns of interspersion of grazing and non-grazing behaviors. This combination of behavior recording and vegetation classification could enable a numerical analysis of the responses of grazing livestock to vegetation conditions.

Use of Precise Area Fraction Model for Fine Grid DEM Simulation of ICFB with Large Particles

The heterogeneous structures in a gas–solid fluidized bed can be resolved in discrete element simulation so long as the grid is fine enough. In order to conveniently calculate mean porosity in fine grid simulations, a precise area fraction model is given for two-dimensional simulations. The proposed area fraction model is validated by the discrete element simulation test on a small-scale internal circulation fluidized system of large particles, using a fine grid size of two particle diameters. Simulations show that the discrete element method can perform well in modelling time-varying waveforms for the physical quantities in an internal circulating fluidized bed, employing the precise gas area fraction model. This thought of precise calculation can be generalized to construct a volume fraction porosity model for three-dimensional simulation by use of the similar symmetry of a rectangular grid. Moreover, to construct these area and volume fraction models is to enrich and perfect the underlying model of fine grid simulation.

Iris Recognition from an Image at Lengthy Distance by using Deep Belief Neural Network (DBN)

Now a days, biometric is a one of the best method which is used for the detection of person is iris recognition. A large portion of different frameworks are equally introduces for individual ID like as distinguishing proof cards or tokens, mystery codes, passwords, and so on. Yet, the issues of these sort of frameworks are, the mystery codes and passwords can be split, the recognizable proof cards can be harmed. Subsequently the successful strategy for the individual recognizable proof is vital. Iris gives the unmistakable data about an individual. Iris recognition is the process of identifying persons automatically using their iris. Iris provides the distinctive information about a person. This paper exhibits the deep learning-based methodology for the iris acknowledgment. Firstly, the picture is pre-handled to get the precise area of the iris. From that point onward, iris locale is extricated utilizing Hough Transform, which is pursued with the division and standardization of the iris area utilizing the Daugman's Rubber sheet model. When the division is played out, the features are separated by utilizing the Local Gradient Pattern (LGP) and ScaT-LOOP that is the mixture of Scattering transforms (ST), Tetrolet transforms (TT), and Local Optimal Oriented Pattern (LOOP) descriptors. At last, steepest slope based Deep Belief Neural Network (DBN) is used for the iris acknowledgment. The exhibition of iris acknowledgment utilizing the DBN classifier is assessed regarding precision, False Rejection Rate (FRR) and False Acceptance Rate (FAR). The proposed iris acknowledgment strategy accomplishes the most extreme precision of 97.96%, negligible FAR of 0.493%, and insignificant FRR of 0.48% that shows its predominance.

Improving the search for victims in mountain environments with geovisualization and competing hypotheses management

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> This article is part of a research program aimed at improving the location of victims in the mountains. The search for victim location is a process involving various elements, few of them falls within the scope of our team such as the modelling of the process of spatial reasoning of the rescuer and the geovisualization of multidimensional and uncertain information for decision-making. After having reviewed the various scientific challenges we propose a prototype of interface. The strengths of our approach are the transformation of location clues into a list of spatial filters, the addition of these filters within a search scenario to create probable location area(s) as well as the simultaneous management of competing search scenarios. We also present the results of user tests, validating the interest of such an approach to objectify the area of probable location of the victim and obtain a more precise area than during the traditional search approach. Finally, we will discuss the improvements underway on the basis of this prototype, in particular how we plan to better account for the uncertainty in the decision-making process and how we plan to allow a future prototype to suggest questions to the rescuer in order to help him/her refine his/her research.</p>

Structural interaction between the nuclear pore complex and a specific translocating RNP particle.

The transport of Balbiani ring (BR) premessenger RNP particles in the larval salivary gland cells of the dipteran Chironomus tentans can be followed using electron microscopy. A BR RNP particle consists of an RNP ribbon bent into a ringlike structure. Upon translocation through the nuclear pore complex (NPC), the ribbon is straightened and enters the central channel of the NPC with the 5' end of the transcript in the lead. The translocating ribbon is likely to interact with the central channel but, in addition, the remaining portion of the ribbon ring makes contact with the periphery of the NPC. To determine the nature of this latter interaction, we have now studied the connections between the RNP particle and the border of the NPC during different stages of translocation using electron microscope tomography. It was observed that the 3' terminal domain of the ribbon always touches the nuclear ring of the NPC, but the precise area of contact is variable. Sometimes also a region on the opposite side of the ribbon ring reaches the nuclear ring. The pattern of contacts could be correlated to the stage of translocation, and it was concluded that the particle-nuclear ring interactions reflect a rotation of the ribbon ring in front of the central channel, the rotation being secondary to the successive translocation of the ribbon through the channel. The particle's mode of interaction with the NPC suggests that the initial contact between the 5' end domain of the ribbon and the entrance to the central channel is probably crucial to accomplish the ordered translocation of the premessenger RNP particle through the NPC.