Problems of geostrategic territories of the southern strip of Siberia

The paper analyses the possibilities of the border territories of Siberia to perform geostrategic functions defined in the Spatial Development Strategy of the Russian Federation. The existing cross-border relationships have little impact on the socio-economic development of the territories. Exports in the regions of Transbaikalia, classified by the Strategy to the Far East as a priority macro-region for development, are growing due to the expansion of raw materials export. In the same regions, the volume of foreign investment due to the mining sector is also increasing, while in other border regions their volume is falling. Most of the outgoing investments are directed to offshore and resort countries, which does not contribute to the receipt and return of profits to the regions. Foreign enterprises operate mainly in the raw materials industries, construction and intermediary services, in the western regions of the border zone they are also present in modern processing industries. Among the counterparty countries, the presence of China is expanding, which is gradually displacing Kazakhstan from the leading positions even in the border regions of Western Siberia. It is necessary to both understand the goals and methods of forming a geostrategic security belt and offer state support for the development of such territories.

Cities in Spatial Development of the Russian Economy

The Spatial Development Strategy of the Russian Federation for the period until 2025, adopted in 2019, defines one of its main goals as “ensuring sustainable and balanced spatial development of the Russian Federation”. The Strategy does not specify what kind of balance is meant in this very case. However, it’s quite obvious that regardless of how this “balance” is interpreted, its essential feature or criterion should be considered as sufficient uniformity in the development of the country’s living space, the maintenance of a stable ratio of its large, medium and small cities, as well as all other settlements. For such a geographically huge country, this task has not only a significant economic and social meaning, but also fully meets the requirements of the national and economic security of the state. The question of the role of cities in the development of the optimal spatial structure of the Russian economy in modern conditions is “full” of a large number of specific aspects, including the ratio of urban and rural population, the structure of urban settlements, the nature of the development of agglomeration processes, etc. Agglomerations increasingly become a leading trend in the formation of the urban environment, i.e. an important, but not a problem-free result of urbanization. The Spatial Development Strategy of the Russian Federation for the period until 2025 does not give a complete picture of the desired direction of urban development in the country. The document pays attention to agglomeration processes, but this does not cover the range of problems of positioning the entire set of urban settlements in the economy and social sphere of the Russian Federation and its federal entities.

Small Town in the Conditions of the Formation of Agglomerations: a Chance to Survive or a Blow of Modernization?

In the context of the rapidly developing urbanization and spatial development strategy of the Russian Federation, focused on strengthening and creating macro-regions, the question arises of what is the place and fate of the development of a small town. The agglomeration approach, which is popularized today as necessary in terms of improving the level and quality of life in the regions, also includes social costs – first of all, ignoring the cultural identity of the small towns, and secondly, utilitarianism and, as a consequence, unification of Russian regions. The author of the article make an attempt to consider such regions – the Kirillovsky district of the Vologda region, which not only has a noticeable number of monuments of architecture, a unique national park, but also is part of the country’s historical province, called the Russian North. Based on the data of two sociological studies conducted in 2009 and 2019, as well as materials from other research groups, an analysis is given of how the population of this territory lives, what are its migration and value attitudes, its attitude to the country and small homeland what role in the life of the population is played by the cultural heritage that it possesses. Attention is drawn to the problem of depopulation of the region as a whole and to the opportunities that exist in reality for territories similar to the Kirillovsky District, which are not only forced to be custodians of cultural originality, but also to be part of this culture themselves, transmitting paternalism and tradition in a certain sense.

Marketing in the Formation of the Architectural and Spatial Environment of the City of Chelyabinsk

Постановка задачи. Работа посвящена выявлению элементов архитектурно-пространственного маркетинга городской среды Челябинска в связи с необходимостью реализации стратегии пространственного развития России и приоритетного федерального проекта «Формирование комфортной городской среды». Для выявления элементов маркетинга в городской среде были рассмотрены: стратегии развития города и области, действующие городские проекты и правила, примеры реализации существующих проектов, маркетинговые мероприятия, элементы историко-культурного наследия. Результаты. При организации архитектурно-пространственной среды Челябинска было выявлено наличие элементов архитектурно-пространственного маркетинга, которые отмечены в указанных документах, в реализации некоторых пунктов документов, в отношении к историко-культурному наследию города. Выводы. Отмечается, что городу необходима разработка концепции на основе применения элементов архитектурно-пространственного маркетинга для создания единого облика. Statement of the problem. The article is devoted to identifying the elements of architectural and spatial marketing of the urban environment of Chelyabinsk in connection with the need to implement the spatial development strategy of Russia and the priority federal project «Formation of a Comfortable Urban Environment». To identify the elements of marketing in the urban environment, the following were considered: development strategies of the city and the region, existing city projects and rules, implementation of existing projects, marketing events, elements of historical and cultural heritage. Results. When organizing the architectural and spatial environment of Chelyabinsk, the presence of elements of architectural and spatial marketing, which are noted in the above documents, in the implementation of certain paragraphs of the documents, in relation to the historical and cultural heritage of the city, was revealed. Conclusions. The article notes that the city needs to develop a concept based on the use of architectural and spatial marketing elements to create a single look.

Implementation of Regional Development Priorities Under the Conditions of the COVID-19 Pandemic

Due to historical features and the heterogeneity of the economic landscape, the regions of Russia are characterized by significant disparities in the level of socioeconomic development. In order to manage regional development, a number of important strategic documents have been adopted, including the Spatial Development Strategy. The tasks of supporting problem regions and developing the largest agglomerations are articulated in these documents. In the context of the pandemic, new challenges have emerged related to slowing economic growth and budget constraints. The article examines the specifics of the formation of individual programs for the socioeconomic development of problem regions, as well as the situation of cities with more than 1 million inhabitants during the pandemic. The author presents proposals for improving the measures included in the Spatial Development Strategy

Spatial Development Strategy: Identification Problems of the Russian Promising Economic Specializations

The Spatial Development Strategy (Strategy) needs a radical overhaul, and the priority actions should detail the promising economic specializations of the Russian regions. Methodological and substantive gaps are actively discussed by analysts and the academic community. At the same time, the fact of the absence of one of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation dropped out of account, and therefore, the detailed elaboration of promising activities contains only 84 out of 85 regions. In the presented study, a quantitative analysis of promising economic specializations of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation was made based on a comparison of the Strategy data with the NACE. There is given a constructive criticism of the applied system for identifying the industry specialization of the subjects of the Russian Federation based on the NACE’ approach. There are done recommendations on primary measures in identifying the industry specialization of the Russian state. The results of the study confirm the need for a radical revision of the classification of industry specialization of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation

Geographical expertise of Russia's economic development strategies

Thanks to the development of K. P. Kosmachev's ideas on the geographical expertise of the information base of the economic development projects of the territory, five new areas of expert geographical research are proposed. They are used to analyze the "Spatial Development Strategy of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2025", the "Digital Economy of the Russian Federation" program and the "National Strategy for the Development of Artificial Intelligence for the period up to 2030". Many contradictions are revealed and the latent meaning of each document is determined. The results obtained can be used to adjust existing and develop new strategies for Russia's economic development. It is intended for specialists, students and postgraduates.