Status and Prospects of Agroforestry at Kaligonj Upazila in Satkhira District

This study presents a synopsis of different types of agroforestry practiced and farmer’s perception and attitudes towards it at Kaligonj Upazila in Satkhira district. It particularly focused on demography of respondents, land use pattern, land tenureship, choices of species for agroforestry, farmers’ perceptions towards agroforestry, status and problems of agroforestry practices. A survey was conducted and a total 100 of respondents were selected to collect information about the types of agroforestry accomplished here. In the study area, different types of agroforestry were practiced like homestead agroforestry, cropland agroforestry, agri-aqua silviculture, agri-silvopastoral and agro-aqua culture. The majority of the farmers were middle-aged 54% (between 36-50 years). In the study zone, the mainstream of the respondents (97%) were male and only 5% of the respondents were female who worked in homestead agroforestry. Most of the farmers about 56% were educated to the primary level. Mostly the farmers (70%) have their own land and they practiced agroforestry, but the farmers (12%) took leased land from others were not agreed. The majority of farmers (38%) had shown positive perception (agree) and 36% strongly agreed about agroforestry. About 98% of farmers had a positive attitude towards homestead agroforestry, 66% towards cropland agroforestry and 82% towards fish farm agroforestry.

10th World Conference on Sampling and Blending (WCSB10)

The WCSB10 conference will cover the latest research and application of the Theory of Sampling (TOS) and Blending in many important technology and industry sectors: mining, exploration, minerals processing, metals refinement, cement, food & feed, agri & aqua culture, pharmaceutical production etc. WCSB10 specifically has a broader societal, industrial and environmental emphasis with a special focus on sustainable science, technology and industry. This article provides an update on WCSB10 with information on all aspects of the conference.

Heavy Metal(loid) Remediation Using Bio-Waste

Heavy metal(loid)s are hazardous, biologically non-essential, non-biodegradable and persistent in nature, which can accumulate in plants and animals as well as in environment especially agri- and aqua- culture ecosystems. It is severely responsible for causing several health hazards problems in human, such as, cardiovascular, pulmonary, hepatic, nephrological, dermatological, neurological disorders as well as carcinogenic effects. Removal of these heavy metals from living systems is extensively expensive and also unsuccessful in sent percent removal. Therefore, in order to protect the environment, the removal of heavy metal(loid)s from polluted effluents is essential before discharging into environment. Besides various treatment technologies, sorption of metal(loid)s using bio-wastes are highly potent alternatives in recent years. The present chapter deals with the removal efficiencies of various bio-wastes, orange peels, waste tea leaves, rice husk, wheat stalk, sugar cane bagasse, coconut husk, sun flower stalk, corn cob, nut shell, water hyacinth, crab shell particle, activated carbons etc. The present discussion has also revealed that bio-waste could be a low-cost eco-friendly and green emerging alternative technology in treating the metal(loid)s contaminated environment without posing any further adverse environmental impacts.

Transmission of Water and Food Waste in Aquaponic Systems

In order to conserve natural resources, the quest for recycling water and food waste culture is ongoing. One of the possible and good ways to reuse these wastes is hydroponic culture. It is an advanced technology that cultivates plants without soil. Instead of using root system, it needs nutrient-rich water. Most of the nutrients used in hydroponic culture come from aqua culture, the branch for propagation, emergence, and maintenance of aquatic (water) organisms. Humans convolve aqua culture with hydroponic culture that has come up as an aquaponic system. It has been universally adopted for indoor food production. The solution arising out of this system has eliminated the lack of vegetable and fish. The continuous nature of these cultures gives rise to the system of non-linear ordinary differential equations. This system is investigated through logistic growth rate. Logistic growth rate offers an oscillating threshold. The simulative results analyse the periodicity of the system solutions, which will help the ecosystem survive.

IDENTIFIKASI KOI HERVES VIRUS PADA IKAN MAS Cyprinus carpio DI SULAWESI UTARA TAHUN 2017 DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN TEKNIK PCR DAN qPCR

This research aimed to detect the distribution of KHV disease in cultured common carps using conventional PCR and Real Time Quantitative PCR methods in North Sulawesi. The samples were taken from 6 aqua culture centres in North Sulawesi. The results of KHV detection by PCR method showed negative KHV infection because visualization does not form a specific band with the KHV gene that is at 409 bp. Detection of KHV of Ct (Quantification cycle) was greater than the LOD with a confidence level of 95% where Ct LOD is 8.71 for the smallest standard of 1.0x102 copies. Ct sample that was read based on qPCR amplification result which was 14,69-18,80 and the value of Ct NTC (Non Template Control) used as a negative control was 17.52.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi keberadaan penyakit Koi Herves Virus pada ikan mas dengan menggunakan metode PCR dan qPCR di Sulawesi Utara. Sampel uji diambil dari 6 sentral budidaya di Provinsi Sulawesi Utara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dengan metode PCR diperoleh hasil deteksi yang negatif, karena visualisasi tidak terbentuk band spesifik dengan KHV, yaitu di 409 bp. Deteksi KHV dengan metode qPCR didapat hasil infeksi KHV yang negatif dilihat dari nilai rata-rata Ct (Quantification cycle) lebih besar dari LOD dengan tingkat kepercayaan (confident level) 95%. Nilai Ct LOD adalah 8,71 untuk standar terkecil 1,0x102 copies, sedangkan Ct sampel hasil amplifikasi qPCR adalah 14,69-18,80 dan nilai Ct NTC (Non Template Control) yang digunakan sebagai kontrol negatif adalah 17,52.

JENIS KEKELIRUAN AKIBAT MENGHAFAL PROSEDUR RUTIN DALAM MELAKUKAN OPERASI PENJUMLAHAN DAN PENGURANGAN BILANGAN PECAHAN

AbstrakBerdasarkan pengalaman penulis sebelumnya ketika mengajar matakuliah matematika dasar pada jurusan TPH Politani Kupang, mahasiswa selalu mengalami kesulitan dalam operasi bilangan pecahan. Karena itu pada saat proses pembelajaran, pengajar terpaksa harus kembali memberikan penanaman konsep bilangan pecahan. Kondisi ini menarik perhatian penulis untuk mengidentifikasi jenis-jenis kekeliruan mahasiswa baru jurusan TPH Politani Kupang tahun 2015 dalam melakukan operasi penjumlahan dan pengurangan pecahan dan faktor penyebabnya. Proses investigasi ini dilakukan melalui metode penelitian kualitatif. Data dikumpulkan melalui tes tertulis dan wawancara. Hasilnya adalah; 5% mahasiswa langsung menjumlahkan bagian Pembilang dengan pembilang dan Penyebut dengan penyebut dari dua bilangan pecahan yang berbeda penyebut. 3% mahasiswa langsung menjumlahkan penyebut yang berbeda dari dua bilangan pecahan yang pembilangnya sama. 83% mahasiswa menyamakan penyebut dari bilangan pecahan dengan menggunakan KPK tetapi mereka lupa cara merubah pembilang apabila penyebutnya berubah. 5% mahasiswa menyelesaikan soal dengan menggunakan rumus, namun mereka menggunakan rumus operasi perkalian pada operasi pengurangan. Sisahnya 4% mahasiswa menjawab benar dengan cara menyamakan penyebut dengan menggunakan KPK. Sementara hasil wawancara menunjukan bahwa dominan mahasiswa merupakan tamatan SMK dan berasal dari kabupaten yang tersebar diseluruh wilayah propinsi NTT. Mereka hanya mengenal dua cara melakukan operasi pecahan yaitu menyamakan penyebut dengan KPK dan mengunakan rumus. Kedua cara ini memiliki algoritma baku yang harus mereka hafal. Mereka tidak memahami apapun dibalik langkah demi langkah dalam algoritma tersebut. Dengan demikian semua jenis kekeliruan di atas merupakan akibat dari menghafal prosedur rutin yang mereka pelajari pada jenjang pendidikan sebelumnya.AbstractBased on Authors experience when taught basic math course, in general students have found difficulty in operating fractions. Therefore, the goal of this research was to investigate student’s errors and misconception in addition and subtraction of fraction. Research conducted at Aqua Culture Technology, Agriculture industry technology study programs food Crops and horticulture Department of POLITANI Kupang on 2015. New students were the subjects of this study. This process is done through qualitative research methods. Data were collected through written tests and interviews. However, some students can solve formal operation given in common rule without any sense of its concept. The result were; 5% of the students added the numerator and denominator of the fractions directly even the denominators are different, 3% of students equate the numerator of fractions and then add them together. 83% of students equate the denominator of the fractions using least common multiple but they forget how to change the numerator of those fractions when their denominator was changed. 5% of students solved problems using the formula given by teacher, but they failed to remember it well. The rest 4% of students can solve the question correctly. While the interviews results showed that dominant students are graduates from Vocational high School and come from districts that are spread throughout the province of NTT. They only knew two ways in addition and subtraction of fractions i.e. equate denominators of fractions using least common multiple and using formula. Both of them has a standard algorithm that students have to memorized. They do not understand anything about step by step of the algorithm. Thus all kinds of errors was the effect of memorizing the routine procedures they learned in the previous education level.

Cultivation of Microalgae Chlorella sp on Fresh Water and Waste Water of Tofu Industry

Chlorella sp. is a microalgae that potential for food supplement, pharmaceuticals, animal feed, aqua culture and cosmetics. Chlorella sp. commonly growth in sea water. Indonesia as a producer of tofu generated more liquid waste. Nutrient that contained in the tofu wastewater are very useful for the production of microalgae. Cultivation carried out for 7 days at different percent volume of tofu liquid waste showed that the more volume of tofu liquid waste make them longer process decipherment of polymer compounds in the waste, that’s make the growth rate of Chlorella sp. are slowness. Variable of10%V has the fastest growth rate. While, 90% v/v variable has the highest concentration of algae. It shows that Chlorella sp. better to grows in tofu wastewater than seawater.

Heavy Metal(loid) Remediation Using Bio-Waste

Heavy metal(loid)s are hazardous, biologically non-essential, non-biodegradable and persistent in nature, which can accumulate in plants and animals as well as in environment especially agri- and aqua- culture ecosystems. It is severely responsible for causing several health hazards problems in human, such as, cardiovascular, pulmonary, hepatic, nephrological, dermatological, neurological disorders as well as carcinogenic effects. Removal of these heavy metals from living systems is extensively expensive and also unsuccessful in sent percent removal. Therefore, in order to protect the environment, the removal of heavy metal(loid)s from polluted effluents is essential before discharging into environment. Besides various treatment technologies, sorption of metal(loid)s using bio-wastes are highly potent alternatives in recent years. The present chapter deals with the removal efficiencies of various bio-wastes, orange peels, waste tea leaves, rice husk, wheat stalk, sugar cane bagasse, coconut husk, sun flower stalk, corn cob, nut shell, water hyacinth, crab shell particle, activated carbons etc. The present discussion has also revealed that bio-waste could be a low-cost eco-friendly and green emerging alternative technology in treating the metal(loid)s contaminated environment without posing any further adverse environmental impacts.