Ontology of Transgressive Social Media

This paper presents the T-Magic formula revealing ontology of social media which has become a transgressive form of media through its ability to build a digital community, sharing digital identity, and building a digital social capital, that prevails over offline human relations, and includes supporters and doubters estimated for their contact establishing function. Social media belongs to the so called culture of participation, and is considered as a versatile social phenomenon building a hybrid digital culture. Mutation seems to be a key characteristic of media in general and social media in particular. The consequences of the mutation change shows pathway to a new ontology of digital communication, that of digital physics with a special focus on digital space and digital time, digital substance and digital energy. Transformation displays a technological turn in digital communication that reveals technological sources of digital energy. Transfiguration unveils the essence of digital substance, that of a social media sapience. Transgression outlines digital space and digital time, and is a means of overcoming real space and time by means of certain text units establishing bridges to connected personal or collective accounts or aggregate archives. The main function of the media text transgressiveness is to raise a so called publicity capital of a media subject initiating or releasing the post.

A Novel Method of Temporomandibular Joint Hypermobility Diagnosis Based on Signal Analysis

Despite the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) being a well-known anatomical structure its diagnosis may become difficult because physiological sounds accompanying joint movement can falsely indicate pathological symptoms. One example of such a situation is temporomandibular joint hypermobility (TMJH), which still requires comprehensive study. The commonly used official research diagnostic criteria for temporomandibular disorders (RDC/TMD) does not support the recognition of TMJH. Therefore, in this paper the authors propose a novel diagnostic method of TMJH based on the digital time–frequency analysis of sounds generated by TMJ. Forty-seven volunteers were diagnosed using the RDC/TMD questionnaire and auscultated with the Littmann 3200 electronic stethoscope on both sides of the head simultaneously. Recorded TMJ sounds were transferred to the computer via Bluetooth® for numerical analysis. The representation of the signals in the time–frequency domain was computed with the use of the Python Numpy and Matplotlib libraries and short-time Fourier transform. The research reveals characteristic time–frequency features in acoustic signals which can be used to detect TMJH. It is also proved that TMJH is a rare disorder; however, its prevalence at the level of around 4% is still significant.

Infrastructures of Time: An Introduction to Hardwired Temporalities

The introductory essay to the volume proposes a framework for understanding the transformative and disruptive effects of digital time. It argues for a multiscalar approach to the layers of temporality active in current media infrastructures, which coordinate different magnitudes of time from the microtemporal to the longue durée. Situating the phenomenon of digital time within a trajectory of increasing materialization of temporal relations, it provides a historical account of the becoming concrete in technology of what were once relations between people and objects.

Media Infrastructures and the Politics of Digital Time

In a crucial sense, all machines are time machines. The essays in Media Infrastructures and the Politics of Digital Time develop the central concept of hardwired temporalities to consider how technical networks hardwire and rewire patterns of time. Digital media introduce new temporal patterns in their features of instant communication, synchronous collaboration, intricate time management, and continually improved speed. They construct temporal infrastructures that affect the rhythms of lived experience and shape social relations and practices of cooperation. Interdisciplinary in method and international in scope, the volume draws together insights from media and communication studies, cultural studies, and science and technology studies while staging an important encounter between two distinct approaches to the temporal patterning of media infrastructures, a North American strain emphasizing the social and cultural experiences of lived time and a European tradition, prominent especially in Germany, focusing on technological time and time-critical processes.

Examining the Accelerated Playback Hypothesis of Time-Compression in Multimedia Learning Environments: A Meta-Analysis Study

With the explosion of multimedia learning environments and the use of digital time-compression algorithms in common software and hardware, we need guidance on how to use this technology without sacrificing quality and learning outcomes. The purpose of the meta-analysis is to examine the existing empirical research literature to derive an overall integrated model for the use of digital time-compression algorithms in multimedia learning environments. We frame this research by coining the accelerated playback hypothesis, which posits that learning outcomes will not diminish with accelerated playback of multimedia learning materials until a threshold is reached. Systematically searching twelve academic databases and filtering the literature, we identified seven qualified manuscripts with k = 18 independent effect size comparisons using time-compression in the context of multimedia learning. The overall effect size for playback speed 1.4–1.5x is small and significant at g = −0.212 [95% CI = −0.378, −0.045]. The overall effect size for playback speed 1.8–2.0x is small and non-significant at g = −0.362 [95% CI = −0.743 to 0.019]. Discussion and implications for practice and research are provided.