Forecasting and Measuring The Impact on Non-Tax Revenue of Its Principal Determinants in Nepal

This study aims to examine the impact on non-tax revenue of its principal determinants like charges, fines, fees, forfeiture, dividend, principal and interest payment, income received from sales, Royalty, and sales from fixed assets. It also explores the ex-post forecasting of non-tax revenue. It is based on the secondary data taken from various economic surveys of Nepal covering from 1980 to 2019. Descriptive and exploratory research designs are used to examine the impact and forecast the dependent variable. Some statistical and econometric tools like descriptive statistics, unit root testing, ordinary least square, serial correlation, heteroscedasticity test, and dynamic ex-post forecasting approaches. There is a positive impact on non-tax revenue of its principal determinants. The income received from principal and interest payment is found more consistent, whereas the non-tax revenue from sales government goods and services is found more inconsistent than other variables. The value of root means squared error is encountered very small (i.e., 0.7865). So, the gap between actual and forecasted nom-tax revenue is tiny. The results, design, and techniques of this study are not affected by the results and findings of other researchers

International Public Sector Accounting Standards (IPSAS) Implementation and Financial Reporting: Issues and Challenges in South-East Nigeria

The main objective of the study was to identify the challenges of IPSAS implementation in the Nigerian Public Sector. This was as a result of low level of accountability and improper application of accounting standards by government institutions. A structured questionnaire was used to elicit information from the various respondents. The population of the study consists of accountants, auditors and cash officers in government ministries, departments and agencies in Abia, Anambra, Enugu, Ebonyi and Imo States. The population was estimated at 8901for the five States. The sample size of 387 was drawn using the stratified sampling technique. The Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used for the hypothesis test. The results showed that the challenges that impinge the full implementation of IPSAS in Nigeria include: governments’ unwillingness in terms of political-will towards full IPSAS implementation; statutory adjustment, inadequate funding and institutional commitment among others. It was therefore recommended that there should be adequate funding for the IPSAS implementation projects as most of the Public Sector Entities attributed inability to implement IPSAS Accrual to paucity of funds. Government should also show more political will as well as commitment and support for the accrual basis IPSAS implementation at the Local Government level.

Audit Firm Type and Sustainability Performance: A Study of Quoted Oil and Gas Marketing Companies in Nigeria

The study specifically examines the impact of audit firm types on sustainability performance effort (health care, employment and education) of quoted oil and gas marketing company in Nigeria. The population of the study consists of all the 13 oil and gas marketing companies quoted on the Nigeria Stock Exchange as at end of the year 2020. Secondary data was sourced from the annual reports and accounts of the sampled companies for the period of 5 years (2016-2020). The dependent variables for the study were Sustainability Performance effort proxied by expenditure on education, employment and health care by the oil and gas companies, while the independent variable was audit firm type. A panel regression model was employed for the analysis as the data cuts across different firms over periods. The results revealed that there is no significant relationship between audit firm type and sustainability performance. This is evident from the p-value of 0.554 which is related to audit firm type and health care. Also, the result of the audit firm and education revealed a p-value of 0.422 and that of audit firm type and employment 0.364. This result provided a basis for rejecting all the hypotheses. The study therefore, recommends that the oil and gas companies should continue to undertake their responsibility in the sustainability performance without any reference to whether they are being audited by any type of audit firm

Moderating Effect of Financial Constraint on Relationship Between Accounting Conservatism and Investment Efficiency of Nigerian Consumer Goods Firms

This study explores the moderating effect of financial constraint on relationship between Accounting conservatism and investment efficiency of consumer goods firms listed on the Nigerian Stock Exchange market. The study used correlational and ex-post facto research design in a sample of 27 consumer goods firms. Secondary data for a period of 10 years (2010-2019) was used, and Advanced panel multiple regression was employed in data analysis. The results obtained from this research indicate that there is a significant relationship between accounting conservatism and investment efficiency. The study also found that there is a significant moderation effect between accounting conservatism and financial constraint on defining investment efficiency of consumer goods firms in Nigeria. The study concludes by showing that financial constraint has antagonistic role to accounting conservatism on explaining investment efficiency thus, conservatism may not improve investment efficiency in firms facing financial constraints. The study suggests that consideration of firms financial conditions should form an essential part of any analysis towards understanding the impact of Accounting conservatism more especially on investment behaviour, because of the influence financial constraint has on accounting conservatism is antagonistic in nature

Study The Link Between Accounting and Taxation Practice in Vietnam

The objective of the study is to analyze and evaluate the link between accounting and taxation through the synthesis of domestic and foreign studies, combined with analysis of specific regulations in Vietnam. The study identifies 11 contents that have an interference between accounting and tax to conduct surveys in enterprises. After analyzing and explaining the survey results, the researcher decides to choose 06 representative contents in choosing the rules according to the level (low, medium, high) to conduct the analysis. The research results show that the tendency to choose to use accounting rules higher than tax rules and the link between accounting and taxation in Vietnam is moving to become more independent. At the same time, large enterprises will prefer the use of accounting rules over tax rules and vice versa for small and medium enterprises. Through the results of this research, policy makers can identify the position of the link between accounting and taxation, and then make decisions to adjust the relationship between accounting and taxation appropriately with the integration and development of Vietnam's economy.