Trado-Modern Religious Ideology Conflict in Nigerian Films

The concept of traditional religion in the twenty-first century is that which seeks regurgitation. This is so because traditional religion and its values and beliefs are constantly being challenged in the face of Western religion and its values. This chapter is on the contemporary Nigerian movie Scorpion God as directed by Nonso Okonkwo, and its interpretation and presentation of concepts relating to Nigeria's traditional religion. This study takes a look at traditional religion, the patterns, symbols, and values that have remained relevant till date. It examines the theories and ideologies influencing these ways of life in order to correct the errors presented in this Nigerian film. The study reveals that traditional religion as reflected by Nigerian films is a misinterpretation and misrepresentation, and the findings suggest an urgent need for education in order to correct this error in the evaluation to traditional religion and its place in the socio-cultural life of Nigeria.

The Impact of Palm Kernel Cake in Resolving Herdsmen-Farmers Violent Conflicts in Ogun State, Nigeria

The study investigated the impact of palm kernel cake (PKC) in resolving herdsmen and arable farmers' violent conflicts in Ogun State, Nigeria. There is mounting evidence of violent conflicts, killings, and raping by herdsmen attacks in Ogun State communities. The study was carried out to examine the level experiences of violent conflicts, losses, gains (if any), and the impact of PKC in resolving further violent conflicts among arable farmers and herdsmen. A total of 215 registered poultry farmers were purposively selected which consisted of all the local government areas in Ogun State. A 40-item questionnaire was designed and used to collect information from the respondents. The data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics such as frequency counts and percentages while inferential statistics such as chi-square were used. Findings revealed that there was significant relationship between the socio-economic characteristics of the respondents and their level experiences of violent conflicts.

Movie Making in Conflict Zones of Nigeria

Filmmaking in Nigeria has no doubt attracted so much attention worldwide and the industry has become a major employer of labor and a source of national revenue. It has also given birth to regional language and ethnic film industries, including Kannywood and Yoruwood. These industries have become a voice for the voiceless, a medium to express cultures, values, and socio-political issues. However, the process of movie making in Nigerian conflict areas has been marred by seemingly sustained ethno-religious conflicts and attacks by insurgents in major film release points like Jos, Lagos, Kano, Kaduna, Aba, Onitsha, and Abuja. This discourse is informed by the need to interrogate how conflicts are detrimental to collective development of the Nigerian state and the film industry in particular. The Jos experience has generated concerns in the industry, hence the need to highlight reason(s) for the drop in film production on the plateau.

Vigilantism and Banditry in Southern Katsina Emirate, Northern Nigeria 1987-2015

The focus of this chapter is armed banditry by the Fulani pastoralist and vigilante activities of farmers. The banditry in Pauwa district is shaped by the nature of the environment and the occupational activities of people in the area. The area is approximately 64.78 square miles. The recent rise in the activities of farmer vigilante groups in Southern Katsina emirate was associated to high activities of cattle rustlers and banditry by the Fulani pastoralist. These activities were identified to be the causes of armed violent conflict associated with farmer and herdsmen conflict. Thus, to underscore the nature of conflicts between the pastoralist and farmers in the area, the study has adopted structuration approach in describing the role of structure and individual agents in the conflict.

Women, War, and Conflict

Conflict and war are not unique to Nigeria or Africa. It is now a truism that in conflict situations women are one of the worst hit. The reason is not farfetched: women are in conflict areas, and they are likely to be raped, kidnapped, killed, and or end up as widows/concubines. Although women are seldom directly involved in conflict situations, they serve as the first line of aid, providing what can best be described as succor to the casualties of conflicts as well as maintain the home front in the incessant absence of the male and youths. Predicated on critical feminist theory and the relational theory of conflict, the chapter from a thematic view discusses the plight of women in conflict situations both within the text and the context that is Nigeria. Using Femi Osofisan's “Women of Owu” (2006), an adaptation of Euripedes' “The Trojan Women,” the chapter argues that the manner in which Osofisan dramatizes the story of the African woman trapped in conflict and war is both sympathetic and resilient, yet a gruesome reminder of the position women find themselves in in conflict situations.

The Business Transformation and Enterprise Architecture Framework Applied to Analyze the Historically Recent Rise and the 1975 Fall of the Lebanese Business Ecosystem

Petro Trad's Lebanese republic was a transitory dominion entity that resulted from and was shaped by the friendly and allied France. The Lebanese-specific cosmopolitan entity was intended to become a Monaco-like structure with a unique, ethnically diverse financial system, with the Lebanese constitution developed to privilege a predominant ultraliberal banking and finance. The idea of a strong financial Franco-Lebanese entity melted down in front of a ruthless ethno-religious antagonistic conflict between Maronite Christians and the Muslim narrow majority that was also fueled by regional and global superpowers. Another very important factor that accelerated the meltdown was the attachment of remote rural and desert regions to the historical Lebanon, or Petro Trad's small Lebanon. The chapter explores the business transformation and enterprise architecture framework to analyze this change.

Clapping From the Arena

Climate change is a serious global issue and concern that is attributed to change. A change of climate that is directly or indirectly related to human activity, that which alters the composition of the global atmosphere and which in addition to natural climate variability observed over comparable time periods. There is therefore no doubt that the earth is warming, and the climate changing. Despotism and the rule of despots as agents of democracy has created a rift in the issue of climate change on its citizenry in the southern zone of Plateau State in the area of health, water shortages, cutting meals due to the economic recession in Nigeria. Research has shown that climate change can create a conflict, and it does have a direct effect on scarce resources required to sustain life. Water is at the heart of human existence. Global warming has a major impact on global water cycle, hence on rainfall, soil moisture, rivers, and sea levels. If climate change is not tackled urgently, the calamity will be enormous.

Fulani Herdsmen and Farmers Conflicts in Nigeria

This chapter explores the media coverage of violent conflicts and climate change issues in Nigeria from the perspective of human rights journalism. Nigeria has had a chequered history of violent conflicts, especially since it achieved self-rule from Britain in 1960. These conflicts have been wide-ranging and cross-cutting (political, ethnic, religious, communal, among others). The Nigerian media have equally had a long history of the coverage of these violent eruptions across the country. However, the mainstream media's approach to the coverage of these issues have tended to be on the physical coverage of the conflicts to, almost, neglect of some of the underlying causative factors, such as climate change. The phenomenon of climate change globally is significant, especially in developing countries, such as Nigeria. In recent times, the threats that are posed by climate change have been enormous. Some communities across the country have been sacked by its devastations, especially from the norther corridors of the country. This has therefore necessitated the forced migration of some of these communities, especially the Fulani herdsmen and their cattle to other parts of the country for greener pasture. This situation always resulted in conflict, which is often violent. This chapter argues that, although the federal government of Nigeria through its Ministry of Environment have come out with programs and policies/initiatives aimed at combating the menace of this phenomenon, and the media, apart from the fact that they have not fully keyed into these programs to step them down for the audience, there is the urgent need for them to review their approaches toward the coverage of these conflicts. This chapter advocates a human-rights-journalism-based approach to the coverage of these conflicts because of its diagnostic approach, which gives a critical reflection of the experiences of the victims of human rights violations in all its ramifications.