Psychiatric Aspects of Epilepsy

A seizure is defined as transient change in neurological functioning which is characterised by hypersynchronous discharges of neurons in the brain regions whereas epilepsy is defined as a syndrome consisting of various recurrent seizures and it is associated with the psychological and neuropathological effects. Early recognition and management of psychiatric disorders in patients with epilepsy is extremely important, because it improves the quality of life and aids in better seizure control. Newer antiepileptics with less interaction with psychotropics and less behavioural manifestations should be used for management of epilepsy; and psychotropics having low potential for lowering seizure threshold are generally preferred. A holistic approach to assess psychiatric comorbidity and judicious use of medicine can help in comprehensive patient care planning and reduced health burden.

Effectiveness of Play Therapy during Hospitalization in reducing Anxiety among 6-12 Years Children in the Selected Tertiary Hospital at Bhubaneswar

Background: Hospitalization can be a threatening and stressful experience for children. Because of unfamiliar with the environment and medical procedures and unaware of the reasons for hospitalization, it can result in children’s anger, anxiety. Objectives: The objectives of the study are to do the baseline assessment of anxiety score of hospitalized children of experimental and control group, to assess the effectiveness of play therapy and to assess the pre and post intervention score of anxiety across different sub group of anxiety disorder like Separation anxiety, Social phobia, OCD, Panic/agoraphobia, Physical injury fears, Generalized anxiety. Methods: Randomized clinical control trial design with control group was used and the formal consent was obtained from Pradyumna Bal Memorial Hospital and the investigator selected 60 samples using consecutive sampling technique (taking every patient who met the selection criteria over the specified time period) and then randomized into experimental and control groups. Measurement of anxiety experienced by the school going children was assessed with the help of Spence Children Anxiety Scale. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. Result: The mean anxiety score of children in control group was 39.4 and the experimental group was 34.433. The p value in comparing the anxiety score of children in control and experimental group was 0.004, which was statistically significant at p<0.01 level indicating that there was significant difference in the post test level of anxiety between the control and experimental group. Conclusions: The study was concluded that play therapy was effective in reducing the anxiety among school going children.

A Descriptive Study to Assess Attachment Styles, and Emotional Stability in Relation to Marital Satisfaction among Couples Residing in Selected Residential Areas of Gurugram, Haryana

Background: Marriage is one of the main decisions that an individual make in their life. Marital satisfaction constitutes the main determinant of life. There are several factors which predict marital satisfaction among couple like their attachment styles, emotional stability and demographic variables. Objective: To assess attachment styles, emotional stability of married couples, to seek relationship between marital satisfaction with their attachment styles and emotional stability and to seek relationship of marital satisfaction with selected demographic variables. Material and Method: A descriptive research design including 50 married couples via purposive sampling. Tools used were- For Attachment styles -Adult attachment scale, For marital satisfaction-ENRICH marital satisfaction scale, For emotional stability-Schutte Self Report Emotional Intelligence Test . Analysis and interpretation was done through SPSS version 16.0. Result: The findings revealed that out of 50 subjects, maximum 80% had Secure attachment style, maximum 100% male and 98% females were emotionally stable and maximum 96% males and 94% females had moderate marital satisfaction. All attachment styles and emotional stability had non significant positive relationship with marital satisfaction. Regarding demographic variables all had non significant relationship with marital satisfaction except age and family income. Conclusion: The study concluded that majority of married couples had moderate marital satisfaction and attachment style and emotional stability are predictors of marital satisfaction among married couples.

Delirium: Assessment and Management - A Review

Delirium is described as a syndrome characterized by disturbed consciousness, cognitive function or perception, which is acute in onset and has fluctuating course. This article serves to provide a brief review of this condition with respect to diagnostic classification, epidemiology, etiopathogenesis and types. Furthermore, a focused discussion on its assessment and management in routine clinical practice has been documented.