Criminological characteristics of cyberbullying and its types

The article clarifies that there is no stable scientific and legislative definition of cyberbullying. It is proposed to consider that cyberbullying is a violent actions of participants in the educational process using electronic communications against a minor or such a person, causing interference in the educational process, significant non-compliance with school discipline, violation of the rights of participants in the educational process or caused them moral, physical, mental or material damage. It was found that cyberbullying is a subspecies of traditional bullying, but has specific properties: anonymity of the attacker; the victim and the offender located in different physical spaces; lack of time frame; the possibility of exponential growth of the audience; reusability. In addition, the article provides examples from domestic case law. The basic and derivative types of cyberbullying and their short criminological characteristics are given. An attempt has been made to structure these types of cyberbullying. The article also briefly analyzes the statistical indicators of various manifestations of cyberbullying in Ukraine. Finally, current global trends in liability for certain types of Internet abuse, such as such as harassment, cyberstalking, grooming, sexting and denigration, are also briefly analyzed.

The relationship between internet addiction and mental health problems such as depression symptoms, anxiety and insomnia before and during Covid-19 pandemic

Introduction: On the account of the Covid-19 pandemic, many governments around the world have imposed multiple restrictions on public life to prevent the spread of the coronavirus. Social disruption and forced isolation contributed to increased stress as well as increased use of the Internet.Aim of the study: The aim of the study was to investigate the influence of the Covid-19 pandemic on mental health problems, including Internet addiction, and to link Internet addiction with mental health problems such as anxiety, depression symptoms and insomnia.Material and methods: The data for the article was found using the PubMed and Google Scholar websites.Description of the state of knowledge: Internet addiction (IA) is becoming an increasingly serious problem of the modern world. The problem of Internet abuse is associated with various risk factors that are dependent on gender or family relationships, as well as mental disorders.Many studies have confirmed that the Covid-19 pandemic caused negative mental health effects, contributing to increased anxiety and depression symptoms. To reduce stress, people started using the internet more often. This compensatory mechanism can cause even more mental health problems by increasing anxiety, symptoms of depression and insomnia.Summary: Research by many scientists shows that the Covid-19 pandemic is exacerbating the mental health problems associated with IA. Research shows that during the Covid-19 pandemic, it is especially important to be able to manage stress through non-internet-related activities to help prevent IA.

Problematic Internet Use (PIU) Among Adolescents during COVID-19 Lockdown: A Study of High School Students in Ibadan, Nigeria

Problematic internet use (PIU) has generally been strongly associated with depression and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, especially among adolescents, with resulting consequences for their health. This study explores the pattern of internet use, and the prevalence of PIU before and during the COVID-19 lockdown, as well as the causes, effects, and potential mitigation measures in respect of PIU during the lockdown, among high school students in Ibadan, Nigeria. A structured questionnaire, including a 20-question internet addiction test (IAT), was administered during the COVID-19 lockdown to 440 adolescents enrolled in high schools. Of these adolescents, 7.7% appeared from their responses to have had PIU before the COVID-19 lockdown period. However, 64.3% of respondents appeared from their responses to have had PIU during the COVID-19 lockdown period. The main reasons for the increased PIU were boredom, loneliness, idleness, pleasure gained from internet use, physical isolation, and the need for information and communication. The effects of PIU reported among the adolescents included reduced family intimacy, poor academic performance, loss of concentration, as well as internet abuse and risky sexual behaviour. To mitigate PIU among high school students, parental monitoring of adolescents, and their internet access and use, should be promoted. In addition, programmes should be organised by the media and academic institutions to keep adolescents engaged in productive tasks.

Managing Fear in a Post-Factual Era

Fear is dangerous because of its tendency to cause our instincts to overrule our ability to think; get us to behave against our self-interests; make us more easily exploited by politicians, terrorists, and others with harmful intentions; create enemies; and feed on itself in a vicious downward spiral. The problem is worsened by irresponsible media, politicians who exploit fear by distorting facts about threats to security, social networks that spread hatred and misinformation on the Internet, and cyberattacks. This paper describes these forces and argues that the vicious cycle of fear and the exploitation of fear can be broken by electing responsible leaders, using fear management programs at the national and state levels, applying lessons learned from community policing programs to reduce fear at the local level, and by instituting stronger sanctions against Internet abuse, including defenses against cyberattacks.

KONSELING INDIVIDUAL DENGAN PENDEKATAN BEHAVIOUR UNTUK MEREDUKSI PENYALAHGUNAAN INTERNET PADA SISWA KELAS VIII DI SMP NEGERI 4 BANJARBARU

Internet sangat bermanfaat jika tidak disalahgunakan, janganlah kita sampai lalai akan dampak dari penggunaan internet karena jika penggunaan yang berlebihan maka akan menjadi boomerang bagi si pengguna. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menurunkan penggunaan internet siswa kelas VIII H di SMP Negeri 4 Banjarbaru dengan manajemen diri (Self-management). Dalam layanan konseling individual. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimen, yaitu dengan single subject design (SSD) dengan design A-B. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VIII H di SMP Negeri 4 Banjarbaru dengan sampel 3 orang siswa. Instrument yang digunakan adalah inventori penyalahgunaan internet hasil penelitian menunjukan sebelum di berikan teknik self managamement dalam penggunaan konseling individual rata-rata skornya adalah 256.67 (63.53%), dan sesudah diberikan teknik self managamement dalam penggunaan konseling individual rata-rata skornya adalah 198 (48.01%). Berdasarkan kesimpulan dari hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa layanan konseling individual dengan teknik self management mampu memberikan penurunan terhadap penyalahgunaan internet siswa.__________________________________________________________The internet is very useful if it is not misused, let us not be negligent of the impact of internet use because if excessive use it will become a boomerang for the user. The purpose of this study was to reduce the internet usage of students of class VIII H in SMP Negeri 4 Banjarbaru with self-management. In individual counseling services. This research is an experimental research, namely with a single subject design (SSD) with A-B design. The subjects of this study were students of class VIII H at SMP Negeri 4 Banjarbaru with a sample of 3 students. The instrument used was an internet abuse inventory. The results showed before being given self-management techniques in the use of individual counseling the average score was 256.67 (63.53%), and after being given self-management techniques in the use of individual counseling the average score was 198 (48.01% ). Based on the conclusions of the results of this study indicate that individual counseling services with self management techniques can provide a reduction in student internet abuse.

The Effect of Internet Slack on Learning Performance

In the midst of the widespread application of the internet in learning activities, this research was conducted to assess the impact of internet abuse on classroom learning outcomes. Published research shows the impact of diverse internet uses and this study aims to show the consequences of internet abuse on learning outcomes. This research was conducted on accounting class students with a hybrid learning system, where learning is done face-to-face in class but is supported by e-learning technology. The respondents of this study were 224 accounting students. Data were taken using questionnaires and 216 questionnaires were processed using SEM-PLS. The results of this study indicate that internet abuse does not moderate the influence of interaction and social presence on classroom learning performance. These findings indicate that internet abuse is not a factor that decreases student learning performance and can be an input for the design of e-learning concepts to use the internet as an interactive learning media where activities can still be controlled.

Family relationships and internet abuse in 25 European countries

The aim of this article is to understand the link between family relationships and internet abuse (IA) using a sample of 18,709 children in 25 European countries. Our results suggest that family relationships are a significant predictor of IA – even when controlling for other significant individual and country-level factors. According to our results, children in two-parent families were less likely to have IA than children in other types of homes, but their advantage seems to derive from having better family dynamics (manifest in more communicative and less autonomous lifestyles) rather than family structure as such. Moreover, the importance of family structure with respect to IA is mediated by children’s relational lifestyles. This suggests that positive parenting characterised by high levels of dialogue may work as a protective factor of IA. We also identified sociodemographic risk factors: IA is more common among older and male children, those with lower levels of self-efficacy, and those living in large cities. The specific components of advantageous relational lifestyles can guide interventions to protect children from IA.

Digital Media Behavior of School Students: Abusive Use of the Internet

The increase in the use of information technologies encompasses all educational and social issues, even changing intergenerational skills. It is considered that the most conditioned to this effect are adolescents and young people. This research is a literary review of various studies on addiction and Internet abuse and presents relevant results of the situation of college students and their level of Internet use. The study was developed in seven educational units of Ecuador, with a sample of n = 773 students (53.6% men and 46.4% women). An instrument with sufficient validation guarantees (α.94) has been applied, verified by means of a factorial analysis of main components, which determined two study factors in the use of the Internet and loss of control and interference with life. Through a statistical treatment (Pearson) a good correlation was established (,62) between the two study dimensions, which is a concern in the educational field.