Medical specialization and world health needs

JAMA ◽  
1971 ◽  
Vol 217 (12) ◽  
pp. 1688-1690 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. C. Long
Keyword(s):  
Health Needs ◽  
World Health ◽  
Medical Specialization

Medical Specialization and World Health Needs

JAMA ◽  
1971 ◽  
Vol 217 (12) ◽  
pp. 1688
Author(s):  
E. Croft Long
Keyword(s):  
Health Needs ◽  
World Health ◽  
Medical Specialization

scholarly journals Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis of the Lived Experiences of Older Adults Regarding Their Functional Activities in Ghana

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 215013272093111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kofi Awuviry-Newton ◽  
Meredith Tavener ◽  
Kylie Wales ◽  
Julie Byles
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
Interview Data ◽  
Health Needs ◽  
World Health ◽  
International Classification Of Functioning ◽  
Functional Activities

Introduction: Research on disability largely draws on epidemiological data, often conducted in more developed countries. To date, there is little research related to older adults in Ghana, Africa. The purpose of this study was to strengthen understanding of how older adults in Ghana perform functional activities, referenced against the World Health Organization’s International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (WHO-ICF) framework. Methods: Interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) of semistructured interview data was employed as the methodological approach. Using purposive criterion sampling, 8 older adults admitted to Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital in Ghana, presenting with any identified health condition and/or frailty were recruited. Results: Analysis of interview data identified 5 interrelated themes: (1) feeling anxious, (2) feeling restricted, (3) understanding and admitting difficulty, (4) striving to be healthy and being productive, and (5) managing functional difficulty. These concerns were classified and related to the WHO-ICF, particularly the contextual factors. Discussion: This study examined in detail experiences of older adults performing functional activities. Our study highlights the relevance of the WHO-ICF framework for understanding the health needs of older adults, emphasizing the functional, social, and environmental factors influencing the functional status of older adults. The findings offer unique insight into the health needs of older adults, drawing attention to the implications for policy and care.

scholarly journals Child and adolescent mental health services in Pakistan: current situation, future directions and possible solutions

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 86-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faria Khan ◽  
R. K. Shehzad ◽  
Haroon R. Chaudhry
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Health Policy ◽  
Health Needs ◽  
World Health ◽  
Mental Health Needs ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
The World ◽  
Initial Survey

Worldwide, mental disorders are on the increase (Gadit, 2007) and an estimated 10-20% of children have one or more mental or behavioural problems (Park, 2002). There is an urgent and serious need to pay attention to the mental health needs of children in low- and middle-income countries (Rahman et al, 2000). The initial survey for the World Health Organization's Atlas project (Sherer, 2002) showed that 41% of countries surveyed had no mental health policy and 28% had no separate budget for mental health.

scholarly journals Essential medicines for children

2015 ◽  
Vol 100 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. S38-S42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kalle Hoppu ◽  
Shalini Sri Ranganathan
Keyword(s):  
Supply System ◽  
Health Needs ◽  
Essential Medicines ◽  
World Health ◽  
World Health Assembly ◽  
Basic Health ◽  
The World ◽  
Access To Essential Medicines ◽  
Medicines For Children

Millions of children die every year before they reach the age of 5 years, of conditions largely treatable with existing medicines. The WHO Model List of Essential Medicines was launched in 1977 to make the most necessary drugs available to populations whose basic health needs could not be met by the existing supply system. During the first 30 years of the Model List of Essential Medicines, children's needs were not systematically considered. After adoption of the ‘Better medicines for children’ resolution by the World Health Assembly, things changed. The first WHO Model List of Essential Medicines for Children was drawn up by a Paediatric Expert Subcommittee and adopted in October 2007. The most recent, 4th Model List of Essential Medicines for Children was adopted in 2013. Data from country surveys show that access to essential medicines for children is still generally poor; much more work is needed.

PP422 Including Empowering Community Into Primary Healthcare Team Scope Of Practice – A Technology For Ensuring Universal Healthcare Coverage

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (S1) ◽  
pp. 35-35
Author(s):  
Rabiga Khozhamkul ◽  
Lyazzat Kosherbaeva ◽  
Ainur Bakdaulet ◽  
Talapkali Izmukhambetov ◽  
Arnoldas Jurgutis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Literacy ◽  
Primary Healthcare ◽  
Community Empowerment ◽  
Health Needs ◽  
World Health ◽  
Scope Of Practice ◽  
Healthcare Team ◽  
Universal Healthcare ◽  
Healthcare Coverage ◽  
Universal Healthcare Coverage

IntroductionConsidering the World Health Organization (WHO) Astana Declaration, in order to provide universal healthcare coverage, Kazakhstan through ongoing healthcare reform committed to the promotion of a people-centered Primary Healthcare (PHC) system. Since the implemented top-down policies showed low buy-in from community members and put more constraints on PHC facilities and teams, the Kazakh National Medical University, the Medeo district mayor's office and the WHO European Centre for PHC supported the initiative of a local non-governmental organization “Community health committee” and Outpatient clinic of Almaty State hospital #5, for creation of an integrated plan to develop people-centered PHC through better coverage and engagement of patients with non-communicable disease and enhancing the health literacy of the population above 65 years.MethodsWe used a community-based participatory approach. The process consisted of: forming a steering committee with at least one member from each stakeholder group; two interactive workshops where the community worked jointly with PHC professionals in defining priority health needs and proposing actions to address selected priorities; and, after, joint development by all stakeholders of an action plan for empowerment of the community, and for assessment and review of the scope of practice of PHC teams.ResultsThe interactive workshops identified priority health needs such as low health literacy, low responsibility for health, low engagement of the elderly in prevention and self-management of non-communicable diseases. The main findings of semi-structured interviews were that there are no planning approaches (neither shared planning by a PHC team, or individually by PHC professionals) for addressing defined priority needs of the community, families and/or patients, and that the role of a PHC team in community empowerment is very limited.ConclusionsUsing results of the review on PHC teams’ scope of practice, we will develop, discuss and agree with the national and local stakeholders’ proposal of a conceptual model of PHC service delivery. Further, we will implement and evaluate the results of implementation.

scholarly journals Mental Health and Psychosocial Support During COVID-19: A Review of Health Guidelines in Sub-Saharan Africa

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keneilwe Molebatsi ◽  
Otsetswe Musindo ◽  
Vuyokazi Ntlantsana ◽  
Grace Nduku Wambua
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Psychosocial Support ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Health Needs ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
World Health ◽  
Mental Health Needs ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Ssa Countries

The COVID-19 pandemic brought in its wake an unforeseen mental health crisis. The World Health Organization published a guideline as a way of supporting mental health and psychosocial well-being of different groups during this pandemic. The impact of the pandemic has pushed governments to put measures in place to curb not only the physical health of individuals but their mental health and psychosocial well-being as well. The aim of our paper was to review mental health guidelines of some Sub Saharan African (SSA) countries: (i) to assess their appropriateness for the immediate mental health needs at this time, (ii) to form as a basis for ongoing reflection as the current pandemic evolves. Guidelines were retrieved openly from internet search and some were requested from mental health practitioners in various SSA countries. The authors designed a semi structured questionnaire, as a self-interview guide to gain insight on the experience of COVID-19 from experts in the mental health sector in the various countries. While we used a document analysis approach to analyze the data, we made use of the Mental Health Preparedness and Action Framework to discuss our findings. We received health or mental health guidelines from 10 SSA countries. Cameroon, Kenya, South Africa, Tanzania, and Uganda all had mental health guidelines or mental health component in their health guidelines. Our experts highlight that the mental health needs of the people are of concern during this pandemic but have not been given priority. They go further to suggest that the mental health needs are slightly different during this time and requiring a different approach especially considering the measures taken to curb the spread of disease. We conclude that despite the provision of Mental Health and Psychosocial Support guidelines, gaps still exist making them inadequate to meet the mental health needs of their communities.

Mental health issues among indigenous communities and the role of traditional medicine

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 289-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Cianconi ◽  
Cokorda Bagus Jaya Lesmana ◽  
Antonio Ventriglio ◽  
Luigi Janiri
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Mental Distress ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Health Needs ◽  
Indigenous Populations ◽  
World Health ◽  
Cochrane Library

Introduction: Mental health in indigenous communities is a relevant issue for the World Health Organization (WHO). These communities are supposed to live in a pure, clean and intact environment. Their real condition is far different from the imaginary; they are vulnerable populations living in difficult areas, exposed to pollution, located far from the health services, exposed to several market operations conducted to extract natural resources, facing criminal groups or illegal exploitation of land resources. These factors may have an impact on mental health of indigenous population. Methods: We reviewed all papers available on PubMed, EMBASE and The Cochrane Library until December 2018. We focused on those factors affecting the changes from a traditional to a post-modern society and reviewed data available on stress-related issues, mental distress affecting indigenous/aboriginal communities and the role of Traditional Medicine (TM). We reviewed articles from different countries hosting indigenous communities. Results: The incidence of mental distress and related phenomena (e.g. collective suicide, alcoholism and violence) among indigenous populations is affected by political and socio-economic variables. The mental health of these populations is poorly studied and described even if mental illness indicators are somewhat alarming. TM still seems to have a role in supporting affected people and may reduce deficiencies due to poor access to medical insurance/coverage, psychiatry and psychotherapy. It would be helpful to combine TM and modern medicine in a healthcare model to face indigenous populations’ health needs. Conclusion: This review confirms the impact of societal changes, environmental threats and exploitation of natural resources on the mental health of indigenous populations. Global Mental Health needs to deal with the health needs of indigenous populations as well as psychiatry needs to develop new categories to describe psychopathology related to social variance as recently proposed by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.; DSM-5).

scholarly journals Young offenders with a learning disability

2000 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 278-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Hall
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Learning Disability ◽  
Health Needs ◽  
World Health ◽  
Young Offenders ◽  
Mental Health Needs ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Core Part

Young offenders with a learning disability may encounter a variety of different psychiatrists, most of whom do not claim any particular expertise in helping them. Child and adolescent psychiatrists, learning disability psychiatrists and forensic and prison psychiatrists may all see young offenders referred to them who have a learning disability –that is, ‘mental retardation’ as defined in ICD–10 (World Health Organization, 1992) (Box 1). Many of these psychiatrists do not see such referrals as a core part of their role, and perhaps because of this, surprisingly little is known about this group of young offenders. They frequently fall into the borderlands between different types of service provision, and as a result can become marginalised. This is of particular concern since recent work has suggested that young offenders with a learning disability may have substantial mental health needs. This article aims to summarise what is known about this group and describe how some of their mental health needs might be met.

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