Characterization of Ceramic Components Exposed in Industrial Gas Turbines

2012 ◽  
pp. 237-251
Author(s):  
M. K. Ferber ◽  
H. T. Lin
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Ceramic Components ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbines

scholarly journals Material Characterization of Candidate Silicon Based Ceramics for Stationary Gas Turbine Applications

1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vijay M. Parthasarathy ◽  
Jeffrey R. Price ◽  
William D. Brentnall ◽  
George Graves ◽  
Steven Goodrich
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Fatigue Testing ◽  
Composite Ceramics ◽  
Test Bed ◽  
Ceramic Components ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbines ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
Silicon Based

The Ceramic Stationary Gas Turbine (CSGT) Program is evaluating the potential of using monolithic and composite ceramics in the hot section of industrial gas turbines. Solar Turbine’s Centaur 50 engine is being used as the test bed for ceramic components. The first stage blade, first stage nozzle and the combustor have been selected to develop designs with retrofit potential, which will result in improved performance and lowered emissions. As part of this DOE sponsored initiative a design and life prediction database under relevant conditions is being generated. This paper covers experiments conducted to date on the evaluation of monolithic silicon based ceramics. Mechanical property characterizations have included dynamic fatigue testing of tensile as well as flexural specimens at the temperatures representative of the blade root, the blade airfoil and the nozzle airfoil. Data from subcomponent testing of blade attachment concepts are also included.

Characterization of Ceramic Components Exposed in Industrial Gas Turbines

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. K. Ferber ◽  
H.-T. Lin
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Biaxial Test ◽  
Silica Layer ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Surface Strength ◽  
Ceramic Components ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbines ◽  
The Stability

Abstract This paper provides a review of recent studies undertaken to examine the mechanical and thermal stability of silicon nitride ceramic components that are currently being considered for use in gas turbine applications. Specific components examined included a bowed ceramic nozzle evaluated in an engine test stand, ceramic vanes exposed in two field tests, and an air-cooled vane that is currently under development. Scanning electron microscopy was used to elucidate the changes in the microstructures arising from the environmental effects. The recession of the airfoils resulting from the volatilization of the normally protective silica layer was also measured. The stability of the intergranular phases was evaluated using x-ray diffraction. The surface strength was measured using a miniature biaxial test specimen, which was prepared by diamond core drilling.

Design and Testing of Ceramic Components for Industrial Gas Turbines

2007 ◽  
pp. 261-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Van Roode ◽  
J. R. Price ◽  
O. Jimenez ◽  
N. Miriyala ◽  
S. Gates
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Ceramic Components ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbines ◽  
Design And Testing

Impact of Ceramic Components in Gas Turbines for Industrial Cogeneration

1992 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Anson ◽  
W. J. Sheppard ◽  
W. P. Parks
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Department Of Energy ◽  
Liquid Fuels ◽  
Gas Treatment ◽  
Ceramic Components ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbines ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbine ◽  
The U.S

A development thrust for the adoption of ceramic components in industrial gas turbines, now being sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy, may have a considerable impact on the growth rate and ultimate capacity of the cogeneration sector. The economic justification for cogeneration rests on the ability to undercut the cost of purchased power after taking credit for the useful heat recovery, and it is frequently marginal after consideration of fuel, maintenance, and pollution control devices. After reviewing briefly the factors contributing to the economic viability of cogeneration systems, this paper presents arguments to show how the use of ceramics in industrial gas turbine can be instrumental in reducing installation and operating costs. Improved gas turbines based on ceramic materials technology also will provides means for meeting environmental protection requirements without the use of back end flue gas treatment, and will be able to utilize byproduct industrial gaseous and liquid fuels more effectively. These improvements can increase substantially the economic return from cogeneration systems, and are expected to result in increased cogeneration capacity and a sustained market for industrial gas turbines. Predictions are made of the size of the U.S. industrial gas turbine cogeneration market. The annual fuel savings resulting from displacement of utility generation capacity could amount to 2 × 1017 joules (2 × 1014 Btu’s) by the year 2010.

Fuel System Suitability Considerations for Industrial Gas Turbines

2004 ◽  
Vol 126 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. G. Elliott ◽  
R. Kurz ◽  
C. Etheridge ◽  
J. P. O’Connell
Keyword(s):  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Equations Of State ◽  
Dew Point ◽  
Liquid Fuels ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Fuel System ◽  
Fuel Gas ◽  
Pressure Drops ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbines

Industrial Gas Turbines allow operation with a wide variety of gaseous and liquid fuels. To determine the suitability for operation with a gas fuel system, various physical parameters of the proposed fuel need to be determined: heating value, dew point, Joule-Thompson coefficient, Wobbe Index, and others. This paper describes an approach to provide a consistent treatment for determining the above physical properties. Special focus is given to the problem of determining the dew point of the potential fuel gas at various pressure levels. A dew point calculation using appropriate equations of state is described, and results are presented. In particular the treatment of heavier hydrocarbons, and water is addressed and recommendations about the necessary data input are made. Since any fuel gas system causes pressure drops in the fuel gas, the temperature reduction due to the Joule-Thompson effect has to be considered and quantified. Suggestions about how to approach fuel suitability questions during the project development and construction phase, as well as in operation are made.

Deformation and Fracture Behaviors in the Freestanding APS-TBC - Effects of Process Parameters and Thermal Exposure

2007 ◽  
Vol 353-358 ◽  
pp. 1935-1938 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasuhiro Yamazaki ◽  
T. Kinebuchi ◽  
H. Fukanuma ◽  
N. Ohno ◽  
K. Kaise
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Thermal Exposure ◽  
Substrate Material ◽  
Process Variables ◽  
Microstructural Investigation ◽  
Deformation And Fracture ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbines ◽  
Tbc Systems

Thermal barrier coatings (TBCs), that reduce the temperature in the underlying substrate material, are an essential requirement for the hot section components of industrial gas turbines. Recently, in order to take full advantage of the potential of the TBC systems, experimental and analytical investigations in TBC systems have been performed. However there is a little information on the deformation behavior of the top coating. In addition, the effects of the thermal exposure and the process parameters on the mechanical properties of the top coating have never been clarified. From these backgrounds, the effects of the process variables in APS and the thermal exposure on the mechanical properties were investigated in order to optimize the APS process of top coatings. The experimental results indicated that the mechanical properties of the APS-TBC, i.e. the tensile strength and the elastic modulus, were significantly changed by the process variables and the long term thermal exposure. The microstructural investigation was also carried out and the relationship between the mechanical properties and the porosity was discussed.

Steady State Detection in Industrial Gas Turbines for Condition Monitoring and Diagnostics Applications

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cesar Celis ◽  
Érica Xavier ◽  
Tairo Teixeira ◽  
Gustavo R. S. Pinto
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Condition Monitoring ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Signal Analysis ◽  
Operating Regime ◽  
State Detection ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbines ◽  
Monitoring And Diagnostics ◽  
Operating Regimes

This work describes the development and implementation of a signal analysis module which allows the reliable detection of operating regimes in industrial gas turbines. Its use is intended for steady state-based condition monitoring and diagnostics systems. This type of systems requires the determination of the operating regime of the equipment, in this particular case, of the industrial gas turbine. After a brief introduction the context in which the signal analysis module is developed is highlighted. Next the state of the art of the different methodologies used for steady state detection in equipment is summarized. A detailed description of the signal analysis module developed, including its different sub systems and the main hypotheses considered during its development, is shown to follow. Finally the main results obtained through the use of the module developed are presented and discussed. The results obtained emphasize the adequacy of this type of procedures for the determination of operating regimes in industrial gas turbines.

Modelling hot corrosion in industrial gas turbines

2007 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 149-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.R. Nicholls ◽  
N.J. Simms ◽  
A. Encinas-Oropesa
Keyword(s):  
Hot Corrosion ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Industrial Gas Turbines
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