Full Factorial Experiments at Two Levels

2021 ◽  
pp. 154-204
Keyword(s):  
Factorial Experiments ◽  
Full Factorial

scholarly journals 3D Printing for Energy-Saving: Evidence from Hydraulic Manifolds Design

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (13) ◽  
pp. 2462 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun-hui Zhang ◽  
Gan Liu ◽  
Ruqi Ding ◽  
Kun Zhang ◽  
Min Pan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Pressure Drop ◽  
Numerical Methods ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Pressure Loss ◽  
Smooth Transition ◽  
Factorial Experiments ◽  
Space Requirement ◽  
Geometrical Features ◽  
Full Factorial

With the compact circuit layout and small size, hydraulic manifolds sometimes cause high pressure loss. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the pressure loss under different circumstances with various geometry features and present solutions to reduce pressure loss. The pressure loss performance is evaluated by both experimental and numerical methods. Verified by the experiments, the numerical simulations are qualified to depict the correct trend of the pressure drop. After the basic analysis of traditional passages, three novel forms are proposed, which are very hard to be manufactured by a common method. Furthermore, the geometrical features are selected optimally by means of full factorial experiments to balance the pressure loss and space requirement. Moreover, taking advantage of 3D printing, it is possible to build the passages in novel forms which are beyond the capacity of conventional manufacturing. Results show that the pressure loss can be reduced considerably by adopting a smooth transition, where the reduction can reach up to 50%.

Modeling the Force, Surface Roughness and Cutting Temperature in Ultrasonic Vibration-Assisted Turning of Al7075

2009 ◽  
Vol 83-86 ◽  
pp. 315-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Javad Nategh ◽  
Saeed Amini ◽  
H. Soleimanimehr
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Ultrasonic Vibration ◽  
Single Point ◽  
Cutting Temperature ◽  
Depth Of Cut ◽  
Ultrasonic Frequency ◽  
Factorial Experiments ◽  
Machining Force ◽  
Cutting Velocity ◽  
Full Factorial

The single point cutting tool in ultrasonic vibration-assisted turning (UAT) is made to vibrate under ultrasonic frequency. In present study, the influence of various parameters such as vibration amplitude, depth of cut, feed rate and cutting velocity on the machining force and workpiece's surface roughness in UAT of Al7075 has been investigated. Full factorial experiments were carried out with an ultrasonic frequency range of 20±0.5 kHz. ANOVA was conducted on the experimental results and regression models were obtained for predicting the machining force, surface roughness and cutting temperature. The proposed models were verified by further experiments. The robustness of the proposed models was then investigated whence the optimal parameters were estimated. Similar full factorial experiments were also carried out with conventional turning (CT) in order to compare the results with those of UAT.

The Mechanisms by Which Adaptive One-factor-at-a-time Experimentation Leads to Improvement

2005 ◽  
Vol 128 (5) ◽  
pp. 1050-1060 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel D. Frey ◽  
Rajesh Jugulum
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Random Error ◽  
High Probability ◽  
Fractional Factorial ◽  
Engineering Systems ◽  
Factorial Experiments ◽  
Physical Experiments ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Main Effects ◽  
Full Factorial

This paper examines mechanisms underlying the phenomenon that, under some conditions, adaptive one-factor-at-a-time experiments outperform fractional factorial experiments in improving the performance of mechanical engineering systems. Five case studies are presented, each based on data from previously published full factorial physical experiments at two levels. Computer simulations of adaptive one-factor-at-a-time and fractional factorial experiments were carried out with varying degrees of pseudo-random error. For each of the five case studies, the average outcomes are plotted for both approaches as a function of the strength of the pseudo-random error. The main effects and interactions of the experimental factors in each system are presented and analyzed to illustrate how the observed simulation results arise. The case studies show that, for certain arrangements of main effects and interactions, adaptive one-factor-at-a-time experiments exploit interactions with high probability despite the fact that these designs lack the resolution to estimate interactions. Generalizing from the case studies, four mechanisms are described and the conditions are stipulated under which these mechanisms act.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Oil Desorption from Shale and Sandstone by Surfactant Solutions with Implication to Oily Drillcuttings Decontamination

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 80-87
Author(s):  
Mazen Ahmed Muherei
Keyword(s):  
Contact Time ◽  
Batch Experiments ◽  
Factorial Experiments ◽  
Liquid Ratio ◽  
Early Screening ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Desorption Process ◽  
Surfactant Solutions ◽  
Solid Liquid ◽  
Full Factorial

In this paper, batch experiments of shale/sandstone aqueous systems were conducted to evaluate desorption of spiked oil from shale and sandstone using surfactant solutions. The desorption experimental study was designed to determine if selected surfactants in aqueous solutions with varying pH, initial oil on shale/sandstone, surfactant concentrations, surfactant type, solid/liquid ratio, with and without sonication and at different contact time could enhance the desorption of spiked oil (Sarapar147) from pre-spiked shale and sandstone. The experiments tested the influence of the selected variables in batch experiments. The early screening results obtained for sandstone and shale show that sandstone are very much easier to clean than shales. Furthermore, the desorption efficiencies was lower for water compared to surfactant solutions particularly for sandstones.  Nevertheless, ultrasound was able to improve the desorption efficiencies for sandstone washings but not for shale washings. In the other hand, the results of the full factorial experiments showed that the variations of solution pH, mechanical interruption by ultrasound, and prolonged desorption times did not significantly improve the desorption process. These results give strong evidence to the existence of a considerable and irreversibly bound fraction of oil to shale.

How One-Factor-at-a-Time Experimentation Can Lead to Greater Improvements Than Orthogonal Arrays

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel D. Frey ◽  
Rajesh Jugulum
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Computer Simulations ◽  
Random Error ◽  
Orthogonal Arrays ◽  
Parameter Design ◽  
Engineering Systems ◽  
Factorial Experiments ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Main Effects ◽  
Full Factorial

This paper attempts to explain the empirically demonstrated phenomena that, under some conditions, one-at-a-time experiments outperform orthogonal arrays (on average) in parameter design of engineering systems. Five case studies are presented, each based on data from previously published full factorial experiments on actual engineering systems. Computer simulations of adaptive one-at-a-time plans and orthogonal arrays were carried out with varying degrees of pseudo-random error added to the data. The average outcomes are plotted for both approaches to optimization. For each of the five case studies, the main effects and interactions of the experimental factors are presented and analyzed to explain the observed simulation results. It is shown that, for some types of engineering systems, “one-at-a-time” designs consistently exploit interactions despite the fact that these designs lack the resolution to estimate interactions. It is also confirmed that orthogonal arrays are adversely affected by confounding of main effects and interactions.

scholarly journals Substantiation of Parameters of the Fibrous Material Cleaning Zone

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 1052-1057 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Solution ◽  
Fibrous Material ◽  
Fiber Material ◽  
Factorial Experiments ◽  
Cleaning Efficiency ◽  
System Parameters ◽  
Mesh Surface ◽  
Number Of Faces ◽  
Full Factorial

The article provides the scheme and principle of operation of the fiber material cleaning section when using multi-faceted cylinder spikes. Theoretically studied the movement of the fibrous mass on the surface of the edge of the cylinder splitting. The numerical solution of the problem substantiates the main recommended values of the parameters of the fibrous material cleaning zone. Full-factor experiments optimized the necessary system parameters. The article also investigates the influence of the annular cylinder parameters on the cleaning efficiency of the machine based on full factorial experiments. In this case, the following ring cylinder parameters are optimized: the number of revolutions is 455 rpm, the number of faces of the multifaceted spiky is 6, and the gap between the cylinder and the mesh surface is 16 mm.

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