A Bright, Renal‐Clearable NIR‐II Brush Macromolecular Probe with Long Blood Circulation Time for Kidney Disease Bioimaging

Penyakit Diabetes Melitus dapat menyebabkan komplikasi yang sangat berat. Komplikasi dari Diabetes Melitus ini meliputi jantung iskemik, serebrovaskuler, gagal ginjal, ulkus pada kaki, gangguan penglihatan. Komplikasi yang paling sering terjadi adanya perubahan patologis pada anggota gerak bawah yang disebut kaki diabetik. Salah satu jenis olahraga yang dianjurkan dengan diabetes mellitus adalah senam kaki. Senam kaki merupakan latihan yang dilakukan bagi penderita DM atau bukan penderita untuk mencegah terjadinya luka dan membantu melancarkan peredaran darah bagian kaki. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh senam kaki terhadap kadar gula darah pasien diabetes mellitus. Desain dalam penelitian ini adalah Quasy Eksperiment dengan rancangan Pre and Post Test Without Control. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan Consecutive sampling. Alat pengumpul data yang digunakan instrument observasi senam kaki untuk menilai senam kaki, dan alat menilai kadar gula darah yaitu glucometer, kapas dan jarum. Rata-rata kadar gula darah sebelum dan setelah dilakukan senam kaki mengalami penurunan dan ada pengaruh kadar gula darah sebelum dengan sesudah dilakukan senam kaki pada pasien diabetes melitusKata Kunci: Senam Kaki, Kadar Gula Darah THE EFFECT OF GYMNASTIC FEET TOWARD THE BLOOD SUGAR LEVEL FOR THE DIABETICSDiabetes Mellitus causes the complication case. It concludes the heart iskemik, serebrovaskuler, cronic kidney disease, ulcus on the feet, and the impairment of sight. The complication often causes the changing of pathological in certain place such as feet. The one of recommended sport for diabetics is gymnastic feet. Gymnastic feet is an experience for diabetics or not in order to prevent the wound and launch the blood circulation. The research objective is to analyze the effect of gymnastic feet to blood sugar level for diabetics. The research design is using experiment quasy with pre and post test without control. It is using consecutive sampling as the sample of collecting technique, and using observation of gymnastic feet as the collecting data technique to assess the blood sugar level, those are glucometer, cotton, and needle. The average of blood sugar level is decrease after doing the gymnastic feet. Moreover, there is differences between after and before doing the gymnastic feet for diabetics.Key Words : Gymnastic Feet, Blood sugar level

Download Full-text

The Use of Coating Agents to Enhance Liposomes Blood Circulation Time

Journal of Molecular Pharmaceutics & Organic Process Research ◽

10.4172/2329-9053.1000e120 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 03 (01) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Shirleide Santos

Keyword(s):

Blood Circulation ◽

Circulation Time ◽

Coating Agents

Download Full-text

Block copolymer crystalsomes with an ultrathin shell to extend blood circulation time

Nature Communications ◽

10.1038/s41467-018-05396-x ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

Hao Qi ◽

Hao Zhou ◽

Qiyun Tang ◽

Jee Young Lee ◽

Zhiyuan Fan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Block Copolymer ◽

Blood Circulation ◽

Circulation Time

Download Full-text

The Renal Clearable Magnetic Resonance Imaging Contrast Agents: State of the Art and Recent Advances

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules25215072 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (21) ◽

pp. 5072

Author(s):

Xiaodong Li ◽

Yanhong Sun ◽

Lina Ma ◽

Guifeng Liu ◽

Zhenxin Wang

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Contrast Agents ◽

Blood Circulation ◽

Time Window ◽

Circulation Time ◽

Great Success ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Enhanced Sensitivity ◽

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Contrast

The advancements of magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents (MRCAs) are continuously driven by the critical needs for early detection and diagnosis of diseases, especially for cancer, because MRCAs improve diagnostic accuracy significantly. Although hydrophilic gadolinium (III) (Gd3+) complex-based MRCAs have achieved great success in clinical practice, the Gd3+-complexes have several inherent drawbacks including Gd3+ leakage and short blood circulation time, resulting in the potential long-term toxicity and narrow imaging time window, respectively. Nanotechnology offers the possibility for the development of nontoxic MRCAs with an enhanced sensitivity and advanced functionalities, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-guided synergistic therapy. Herein, we provide an overview of recent successes in the development of renal clearable MRCAs, especially nanodots (NDs, also known as ultrasmall nanoparticles (NPs)) by unique advantages such as high relaxivity, long blood circulation time, good biosafety, and multiple functionalities. It is hoped that this review can provide relatively comprehensive information on the construction of novel MRCAs with promising clinical translation.

Download Full-text

Polysialic Acid Modified Liposomes for Improving Pharmacokinetics and Overcoming Accelerated Blood Clearance Phenomenon

Coatings ◽

10.3390/coatings10090834 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (9) ◽

pp. 834

Author(s):

Xi Han ◽

Ting Zhang ◽

Mengyang Liu ◽

Yanzhi Song ◽

Xinrong Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Circulation ◽

Polysialic Acid ◽

Repeated Administration ◽

The Body ◽

Circulation Time ◽

Blood Clearance ◽

In Vivo Evaluation ◽

Accelerated Blood Clearance ◽

Abc Phenomenon

Poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG) modified nanocarriers are being used widely in the drug delivery system (DDS). However, the “accelerated blood clearance (ABC) phenomenon” was induced upon repeated administration of PEG-modified liposomes, resulting in reduced blood circulation time, and increased accumulation in liver and spleen. To avoid the unexpected phenomenon, polysialic acid (PSA) was selected to modify liposomes. PSA is a natural, highly hydrophilic polysaccharide polymer for which no receptors exists in the body. It is non-immunogenic, biodegradable and endows the conjugated bioactive macromolecule and drugs with increased circulation time in vivo. In the present study, the in vivo evaluation showed that PSA modified liposomes (PSA-Lip) afford extended blood circulation in wistar rats and beagle dogs. Moreover, the ABC phenomenon did not occur and the IgM antibody was not induced after repeated injections of PSA-Lip. These results strongly suggest that PSA modification represents a promising strategy to afford good stealth of the liposomes without evoking the ABC phenomenon.

Download Full-text

Carborane confined nanoparticles for boron neutron capture therapy: Improved stability, blood circulation time and tumor accumulation

Reactive and Functional Polymers ◽

10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2011.03.010 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 71 (7) ◽

pp. 684-693 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Shogo Sumitani ◽

Motoi Oishi ◽

Yukio Nagasaki

Keyword(s):

Boron Neutron Capture Therapy ◽

Neutron Capture ◽

Blood Circulation ◽

Circulation Time ◽

Neutron Capture Therapy ◽

Boron Neutron Capture ◽

Improved Stability ◽

Tumor Accumulation

Download Full-text

Cerebral circulation time with ruptured intracranial aneurysms

Journal of Neurosurgery ◽

10.3171/jns.1974.41.4.0415 ◽

1974 ◽

Vol 41 (4) ◽

pp. 415-420 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Shige-Hisa Okawara ◽

Jun Kimura ◽

Joo Y. Hahn

Keyword(s):

Intracranial Aneurysms ◽

Blood Circulation ◽

Circulation Time ◽

Arterial Phase ◽

Preoperative Treatment ◽

Content Type ◽

Arterial Perfusion ◽

Ruptured Intracranial Aneurysm ◽

Ruptured Intracranial Aneurysms ◽

Cerebral Blood Circulation

✓ The cerebral blood circulation time (CT), including the length of the arterial phase, was obtained from rapid serial angiograms in 114 patients with ruptured intracranial aneurysms. The average CT of 7.2 sec, with a mean arterial phase of 3.1 sec, was much longer than the normal average CT of 5.4 sec with its 2.4 sec arterial phase. Longer circulation times were observed with the higher Botterell grades of clinical condition, high arterial perfusion and CSF pressures, and in cases with angiographic evidence of arterial spasm, hematoma, or hydrocephalus. Values of CT greater than 8.0 sec were associated with increased mortality and morbidity and vice versa. The value of the cerebral blood circulation time as a guide to preoperative treatment and to the prognosis of cases of ruptured intracranial aneurysm is suggested.

Download Full-text