tert-Butoxysilanols as model compounds for labile key intermediates of the sol-gel process: crystal and molecular structures of (t-BuO)3SiOH and HO[(t-BuO)2SiO]2H

2003 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens Beckmann ◽  
Dainis Dakternieks ◽  
Andrew Duthie ◽  
Megan L. Larchin ◽  
Edward R. T. Tiekink
Keyword(s):  
Sol Gel ◽  
Molecular Structures ◽  
Model Compounds ◽  
Crystal And Molecular Structures ◽  
Sol Gel Process

Defects in Gel-Derived Glasses

1985 ◽  
Vol 61 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. J. Brinker ◽  
D. R. Tallant ◽  
E. P. Roth ◽  
C. S. Ashley
Keyword(s):  
Sol Gel ◽  
Vitreous Silica ◽  
Heat Treatments ◽  
Heats Of Formation ◽  
Structural Studies ◽  
Model Compounds ◽  
Process Solution ◽  
Oxygen Breathing ◽  
Cyclic Model ◽  
Sol Gel Process

ABSTRACTDefects in gel-derived glasses were reviewed for the three principal stages of the sol-gel process: solution, porous gel, and consolidated glass. The most prominent defects in gel-derived SiO2 are Raman active defects characterized by sharp bands at 490 cm−1(D1) and 608 cm−1(D2) 18O enrichment, experimental estimates of heats of formation, and structural studies of cyclic model compounds were used to identify the structural origins of D1 and D2 in gels. We conclude that D1 and D2 in gel-derived SiO2 are the oxygen breathing modes of 4- and 3-fold siloxane rings, respectively, as originally proposed by Galeener to explain these Raman-active defects in conventional vitreous silica (v-SiO2). During heat treatments near Tg (defined by n = 1013.5 poises), the gel-derived SiO2 structure rapidly approaches that of conventional v-SiO2.

Preparation, crystal and molecular structures of Ph2CNSNSO and a comparison of the —SNSO and —SNSS chromophores

1985 ◽  
Vol 63 (5) ◽  
pp. 1063-1067 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tristram Chivers ◽  
Richard T. Oakley ◽  
Roger Pieters ◽  
John F. Richardson
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Decomposition ◽  
Molecular Structures ◽  
Structural Determination ◽  
Model Compounds ◽  
Excitation Energies ◽  
Space Group ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Crystal And Molecular Structures ◽  
Mndo Calculations

The sulphenyl chloride, Ph2CNSCl, prepared insitu from Ph2CNSiMe3 and sulphur dichloride, has been employed in the synthesis of Ph2CNSNSO and Ph2CNSNSNSNCPh2 by reaction with Me3SiNSO and Me3SiNSNSiMe3, respectively. An X-ray structural determination of Ph2CNSNSO shows it to consist of a planar cis-trans chain. The crystals are triclinic and belong to the space group[Formula: see text], a = 9.9078(8), b = 10.0967(9), c = 15.1682(14) Å, α = 78.646(7), β = 71.065(7), γ = 63.449(7)°, V = 1281.5(5) Å3, Z = 4. The final R and Rw values were 0.033 and 0.027, respectively. The π* → π* excitation energies for the RSNSO and RSNSS chromophores are compared for different R groups and discussed in the light of MNDO calculations on the model compounds HSNSX (X = S, O). The thermal decomposition of both Ph2CNSNSO and Ph2CNSNSNSNCPh2 produced S4N4 and Ph2CO or (Ph2CN)2S, respectively.

Multifunctional Acrylate Alkoxysilanes for Polymeric Materials.

1992 ◽  
Vol 271 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Rose ◽  
H. Wolter ◽  
W. Glaubitt
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Optical Quality ◽  
Molecular Structures ◽  
Optical Fibres ◽  
Structural Units ◽  
High Optical Quality ◽  
Sol Gel Process

ABSTRACTMultifunctional acrylate alkoxysilanes synthesized from commercial acrylate compounds and mercapto-substituted alkoxysilanes were used as precursors in the development of materials for various purposes. The alkoxysilyl groups are available for the construction of an inorganic backbone by the sol-gel process, and the acrylate groups for building an organic polymeric matrix by thermal or photochemical curing.Tailoring the material properties is achieved by use of specific molecular structures and functionalities within the monomeric compounds. Linear and branched structural units influence the mechanical properties (modulus of elasticity, abrasion resistance, flexural strength). Rapidly UV-cured materials have been prepared for use as primary or secondary coatings for silica optical fibres with improved adhesion under humid conditions. Further organic modification results in polymers which can be used for manufacturing lenses of high optical quality. Preliminary attempts to draw fibres have also been successful.

The crystallization of thin-film ceramics

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 338-339
Author(s):  
J.M. Schwartz ◽  
L.F. Francis ◽  
L.D. Schmidt ◽  
P.S. Schabes-Retchkiman
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Processing Route ◽  
Small Areas ◽  
Ceramic Thin Films ◽  
Complex Shapes ◽  
Sol Gel Process ◽  
Ceramic Precursors ◽  
Crystalline Ceramic

Ceramic thin films and coatings are of interest for electrical, optical, magnetic and thermal barrier applications. Critical for improved properties in thin films is the development of specific microstructures during processing. To this end, the sol-gel method is advantageous as a versatile processing route. The sol-gel process involves depositing a solution containing metalorganic or colloidal ceramic precursors onto a substrate and heating the deposited layer to form a crystalline or non-crystalline ceramic coating. This route has several advantages, including the ability to create tailored microstructures and properties, to coat large or small areas, simple or complex shapes, and to more easily prepare multicomponent ceramics. Sol-gel derived coatings are amorphous in the as-deposited state and develop their crystalline structure and microstructure during heat-treatment. We are particularly interested in studying the amorphous to crystalline transformation, because many key features of the microstructure such as grain size and grain size distribution may be linked to this transformation.

Epitaxial Growth of Sr0.3Ba0.7Nb2O6 Thin Films Prepared by Sol-Gel Process

1999 ◽  
Vol 606 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keishi Nishio ◽  
Jirawat Thongrueng ◽  
Yuichi Watanabe ◽  
Toshio Tsuchiya
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Thin Films ◽  
Epitaxial Growth ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Substrate Surface ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Tungsten Bronze ◽  
Monomethyl Ether ◽  
Tetragonal Tungsten Bronze ◽  
Sol Gel Process

AbstructWe succeeded in the preparation of strontium-barium niobate (Sr0.3Ba0.7Nb2O6 : SBN30)that have a tetragonal tungsten bronze type structure thin films on SrTiO3 (100), STO, or La doped SrTiO3 (100), LSTO, single crystal substrates by a spin coating process. LSTO substrate can be used for electrode. A homogeneous coating solution was prepared with Sr and Ba acetates and Nb(OEt)5 as raw materials, and acetic acid and diethylene glycol monomethyl ether as solvents. The coating thin films were sintered at temperature from 700 to 1000°C for 10 min in air. It was confirmed that the thin films on STO substrate sintered above 700°C were in the epitaxial growth because the 16 diffraction spots were observed on the pole figure using (121) reflection. The <130> and <310> direction of the thin film on STO were oriented with the c-axis in parallel to the substrate surface. However, the diffraction spots of thin film on LSTO substrate sintered at 700°C were corresponds to the expected pattern for (110).

UV Curable Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Materials

2000 ◽  
Vol 628 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guang-Way Jang ◽  
Ren-Jye Wu ◽  
Yuung-Ching Sheen ◽  
Ya-Hui Lin ◽  
Chi-Jung Chang
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Materials ◽  
Colloidal Silica ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Uv Curable ◽  
Inorganic Hybrid ◽  
Degradation Temperature ◽  
Sol Gel Process ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Thermal Degradation Temperature

This work successfully prepared an UV curable organic-inorganic hybrid material consisting of organic modified colloidal silica. Applications of UV curable organic-inorganic hybrid materials include abrasion resistant coatings, photo-patternable thin films and waveguides. Colloidal silica containing reactive functional groups were also prepared by reacting organic silane and tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) using sol-gel process. In addition, the efficiency of grafting organic moiety onto silica nanoparticles was investigated by applying TGA and FTIR techniques. Experimental results indicated a strong interdependence between surface modification efficiency and solution pH. Acrylate-SiO2 hybrid formation could result in a shifting of thermal degradation temperature of organic component from about 200°C to near 400°C. In addition, the stability of organic modified colloidal silica in UV curable formula and the physical properties of resulting coatings were discussed. Furthermore, the morphology of organic modified colloidal silica was investigated by performing TEM and SEM studies‥

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