Effective number of breeders and reconstructed sibships reveal low reproductive output by a reintroduced population of endangered fish

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tracy A. Diver ◽  
Steven M. Mussmann ◽  
Scott L. Durst ◽  
Nathan R. Franssen
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Output ◽  
Effective Number ◽  
Endangered Fish ◽  
Effective Number Of Breeders ◽  
Reintroduced Population

Effective number of breeders in relation to census size as management tools for Atlantic salmon conservation in a context of stocked populations

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Perrier ◽  
Julien April ◽  
Guillaume Cote ◽  
Louis Bernatchez ◽  
Mélanie Dionne
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Effective Number ◽  
Management Tools ◽  
Census Size ◽  
Effective Number Of Breeders

scholarly journals Reliable effective number of breeders/adult census size ratios in seasonal-breeding species: Opportunity for integrative demographic inferences based on capture-mark-recapture data and multilocus genotypes

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (23) ◽  
pp. 10301-10314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregorio Sánchez-Montes ◽  
Jinliang Wang ◽  
Arturo H. Ariño ◽  
José Luis Vizmanos ◽  
Iñigo Martínez-Solano
Keyword(s):  
Effective Number ◽  
Seasonal Breeding ◽  
Mark Recapture ◽  
Multilocus Genotypes ◽  
Census Size ◽  
Effective Number Of Breeders

Estimating the effective number of breeders from single parr samples for conservation monitoring of wild populations of Atlantic salmon Salmo salar

2018 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 699-726 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. F. E. Bacles ◽  
C. Bouchard ◽  
F. Lange ◽  
A. Manicki ◽  
C. Tentelier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Effective Number ◽  
Wild Populations ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar ◽  
Effective Number Of Breeders

scholarly journals Can Genetic Estimators Provide Robust Estimates of the Effective Number of Breeders in Small Populations?

PLoS ONE ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. e48464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marion Hoehn ◽  
Bernd Gruber ◽  
Stephen D. Sarre ◽  
Rebecca Lange ◽  
Klaus Henle
Keyword(s):  
Small Populations ◽  
Effective Number ◽  
Robust Estimates ◽  
Effective Number Of Breeders

scholarly journals Founding Events and the Maintenance of Genetic Diversity in Reintroduced Populations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Kimberly Anne Miller
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population Size ◽  
Loss Of Heterozygosity ◽  
Genetic Drift ◽  
Reproductive Output ◽  
Introduced Predators ◽  
Reintroduced Population ◽  
Loss Of Genetic Diversity ◽  
Term Maintenance

<p>As habitat loss, introduced predators, and disease epidemics threaten species worldwide, translocation provides one of the most powerful tools for species conservation. However, reintroduced populations of threatened species are often founded by a small number of individuals (typically 30 in New Zealand) and generally have low success rates. The loss of genetic diversity combined with inbreeding depression in a small reintroduced population could reduce the probability of establishment and persistence. Effective management of genetic diversity is therefore central to the success of reintroduced populations in both the short- and long-term. Using population modelling and empirical data from source and reintroduced populations of skinks and tuatara, I examined factors that influence inbreeding dynamics and the long-term maintenance of genetic diversity in translocated populations. The translocation of gravid females aided in increasing the effective population size after reintroduction. Models showed that supplementation of reintroduced populations reduced the loss of heterozygosity over 10 generations in species with low reproductive output, but not for species with higher output. Harvesting from a reintroduced population for a second-order translocation accelerated the loss of heterozygosity in species with low intrinsic rates of population growth. Male reproductive skew also accelerated the loss of genetic diversity over 10 generations, but the effect was only significant when the population size was small. Further, when populations at opposite ends of a species' historic range are disproportionately vulnerable to extinction and background inbreeding is high, genetic differentiation among populations may be an artefact of an historic genetic gradient coupled with rapid genetic drift. In these situations, marked genetic differences should not preclude hybridising populations to mitigate the risks of inbreeding after reintroduction. These results improve translocation planning for many species by offering guidelines for maximising genetic diversity in founder groups and managing populations to improve the long-term maintenance of diversity. For example, founder groups should be larger than 30 for  reintroductions of species with low reproductive output, high mortality rates after release, highly polygynous mating systems, and high levels of background inbreeding. This study also provides a basis for the development of more complex models of losses of genetic diversity after translocation and how genetic drift may affect the long-term persistence of these valuable  populations.</p>

scholarly journals Nb_HetEx: A Program to Estimate the Effective Number of Breeders

2008 ◽  
Vol 99 (6) ◽  
pp. 694-695 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. L. Zhdanova ◽  
A. I. Pudovkin
Keyword(s):  
Effective Number ◽  
Effective Number Of Breeders

The impact of repeat spawning of males on effective number of breeders in hatchery operations

Aquaculture ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 270 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 523-528
Author(s):  
Craig Busack
Keyword(s):  
Effective Number ◽  
Effective Number Of Breeders ◽  
The Impact

Breeding biology of captive, reintroduced and wild greater bilbies, Macrotis lagotis (Marsupialia : Peramelidae)

2000 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 621 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. I. Southgate ◽  
P. Christie ◽  
K. Bellchambers
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Reproductive Output ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Breeding Biology ◽  
Captive Populations ◽  
Average Litter Size ◽  
In Captivity ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Reintroduced Population ◽  
Intensively Managed

The breeding biology and growth of Macrotis lagotis was investigated using captive stock in Alice Springs and Dubbo and a reintroduced population at Watarrka National Park. Individuals of M. lagotis reached sexual maturity at about six months of age and continued growing until about 18 months old. Pouch life and weaning took approximately 90 days and females produced up to four litters per year. Litters comprised 1–3 young. Average litter size at pouch exit ranged from 1.0 to 1.88, depending on whether animals were studied in captivity or under reintroduced free-range conditions. Females commonly continued breeding past the age of four years and longevity extended to 10 years in captivity. In comparison, the most animals caught in the wild were estimated to be less than 12 months old. Animals in the reintroduced population exhibited a greater reproductive output than the captive populations examined. However, survivorship was far greater for animals in captivity. An intensively managed captive population may achieve a three-fold increase in size in a 12-month period.

Variation in reproductive success and effective number of breeders in a hatchery population of steelhead trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss): examination by microsatellite-based parentage analysis

2007 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 295-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer E. McLean ◽  
Todd R. Seamons ◽  
Michael B. Dauer ◽  
Paul Bentzen ◽  
Thomas P. Quinn
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Parentage Analysis ◽  
Steelhead Trout ◽  
Effective Number ◽  
Effective Number Of Breeders

scholarly journals Effective number of breeders, effective population size and their relationship with census size in an iteroparous species, Salvelinus fontinalis

2016 ◽  
Vol 283 (1823) ◽  
pp. 20152601 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel E. Ruzzante ◽  
Gregory R. McCracken ◽  
Samantha Parmelee ◽  
Kristen Hill ◽  
Amelia Corrigan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Population Size ◽  
Brook Trout ◽  
Overlapping Generations ◽  
Salvelinus Fontinalis ◽  
Effective Number ◽  
Effective Number Of Breeders ◽  
Unbiased Estimates ◽  
Census Population Size ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between the effective number of breeders ( N b ) and the generational effective size ( N e ) has rarely been examined empirically in species with overlapping generations and iteroparity. Based on a suite of 11 microsatellite markers, we examine the relationship between N b , N e and census population size ( N c ) in 14 brook trout ( Salvelinus fontinalis ) populations inhabiting 12 small streams in Nova Scotia and sampled at least twice between 2009 and 2015. Unbiased estimates of N b obtained with individuals of a single cohort, adjusted on the basis of age at first maturation ( α ) and adult lifespan (AL), were from 1.66 to 0.24 times the average estimates of N e obtained with random samples of individuals of mixed ages (i.e. ). In turn, these differences led to adjusted N e estimates that were from nearly five to 0.7 times the estimates derived from mixed-aged individuals. These differences translate into the same range of variation in the ratio of effective to census population size within populations. Adopting as the more precise and unbiased estimates, we found that these brook trout populations differ markedly in their effective to census population sizes (range approx. 0.3 to approx. 0.01). Using A ge N e , we then showed that the variance in reproductive success or reproductive skew varied among populations by a factor of 40, from V k / k ≈ 5 to 200. These results suggest wide differences in population dynamics, probably resulting from differences in productivity affecting the intensity of competition for access to mates or redds, and thus reproductive skew. Understanding the relationship between N e , N b and N c , and how these relate to population dynamics and fluctuations in population size, are important for the design of robust conservation strategies in small populations with overlapping generations and iteroparity.

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