scholarly journals Population attributable fractions of clinical and social risk factors for suicide in Bangladesh: Finding from a case–control psychological autopsy study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. Yasir Arafat ◽  
Md. Abdullah Saeed Khan ◽  
Duleeka Knipe ◽  
Murad M. Khan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Social Risk ◽  
Psychological Autopsy ◽  
Social Risk Factors ◽  
Autopsy Study ◽  
Population Attributable Fractions ◽  
Attributable Fractions ◽  
Risk Factors For Suicide

Risk factors for suicide in China: a national case-control psychological autopsy study

The Lancet ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 360 (9347) ◽  
pp. 1728-1736 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael R Phillips ◽  
Gonghuan Yang ◽  
Yanping Zhang ◽  
Lijun Wang ◽  
Huiyu Ji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Psychological Autopsy ◽  
Autopsy Study ◽  
Risk Factors For Suicide

scholarly journals Risk factors for suicide in Bangladesh: case–control psychological autopsy study

BJPsych Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. Yasir Arafat ◽  
M. A. Mohit ◽  
Mohammad S. I. Mullick ◽  
Russell Kabir ◽  
Murad M. Khan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Psychiatric Disorder ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Psychological Autopsy ◽  
Autopsy Study ◽  
Risk Factors For Suicide

Background Suicide is an important, understudied public health problem in Bangladesh, where risk factors for suicide have not been investigated by case–control psychological autopsy study. Aims To identify the major risk factors for suicide in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Methods We designed a matched case–control psychological autopsy study. We conducted a semi-structured interview with the next-of-kin of 100 individuals who died by suicide and 100 living controls, matched for age, gender and area of residence. The study was conducted from July 2019 to July 2020. Results The odds ratios for the risk factors were 15.33 (95% CI, 4.76–49.30) for the presence of a psychiatric disorder, 17.75 (95% CI, 6.48–48.59) for life events, 65.28 (95% CI, 0.75–5644.48) for previous attempts and 12 (95% CI, 1.56–92.29) for sexual abuse. Conclusions The presence of a psychiatric disorder, immediate life events, previous suicidal attempts and sexual abuse were found as significant risk factors for suicide in Dhaka, Bangladesh.

scholarly journals The case for case–control studies in the field of suicide prevention

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane Pirkis ◽  
Angela Nicholas ◽  
David Gunnell
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Psychological Autopsy ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Risk Factors For Suicide

Abstract Much of our knowledge about the risk factors for suicide comes from case–control studies that either use a psychological autopsy approach or are nested within large register-based cohort studies. We would argue that case–control studies are appropriate in the context of a rare outcome like suicide, but there are issues with using this design. Some of these issues are common in psychological autopsy studies and relate to the selection of controls (e.g. selection bias caused by the use of controls who have died by other causes, rather than live controls) and the reliance on interviewing informants (e.g. recall bias caused by the loved ones of cases having thought about the events leading up to the suicide in considerable detail). Register-based studies can overcome some of these problems because they draw upon contain information that is routinely collected for administrative purposes and gathered in the same way for cases and controls. However, they face issues that mean that psychological autopsy studies will still sometimes be the study design of choice for investigating risk factors for suicide. Some countries, particularly low and middle income countries, don't have sophisticated population-based registers. Even where they do exist, there will be variable of interest that are not captured by them (e.g. acute stressful life events that may immediately precede a suicide death), or not captured in a comprehensive way (e.g. suicide attempts and mental illness that do not result in hospital admissions). Future studies of risk factors should be designed to progress knowledge in the field and overcome the problems with the existing studies, particularly those using a case–control design. The priority should be pinning down the risk factors that are amenable to modification or mitigation through interventions that can successfully be rolled out at scale.

Risk factors for sporadicVibrio parahaemolyticusgastroenteritis in east China: a matched case-control study

2014 ◽  
Vol 143 (5) ◽  
pp. 1020-1028 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. X. YAN ◽  
Y. DAI ◽  
Y. J. ZHOU ◽  
H. LIU ◽  
S. G. DUAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Population Attributable Fractions ◽  
Attributable Fractions ◽  
Matched Case ◽  
Control Study

SUMMARYTo determine risk factors for sporadicVibrio parahaemolyticusgastroenteritis, we conducted a population-based case-control study in sentinel hospital surveillance areas of Shanghai and Jiangsu province, China. Seventy-one patients with diarrhoea and confirmedV. parahaemolyticusinfections were enrolled, and they were matched with 142 controls for gender, age and residential area. From the multivariable analysis,V. parahaemolyticusinfections were associated with antibiotics taken during the 4 weeks prior to illness [odds ratio (OR) 8·1, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1·2–56·4)], frequent eating out (OR 3·3, 95% CI 1·1–10·1), and shellfish consumption (OR 3·2, 95% CI 1·0–9·9), with population-attributable fractions of 0·09, 0·25, and 0·14, respectively. Protective factors included keeping the aquatic products refrigerated (OR 0·4, 95% CI 0·1–0·9) and pork consumption (OR 0·2, 95% CI 0·1–0·8). Further study of the association ofV. parahaemolyticusgastroenteritis with prior antibiotic use and shellfish consumption is needed.

Exploring suicide risk factors among Japanese individuals: The largest case-control psychological autopsy study in Japan

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 123-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manami Kodaka ◽  
Toshihiko Matsumoto ◽  
Michiko Takai ◽  
Takashi Yamauchi ◽  
Shizuka Kawamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Psychological Autopsy ◽  
Autopsy Study ◽  
Suicide Risk Factors

scholarly journals School environments and social risk factors for child pedestrian-motor vehicle collisions: A case-control study

2017 ◽  
Vol 98 ◽  
pp. 252-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Rothman ◽  
Andrew Howard ◽  
Ron Buliung ◽  
Colin Macarthur ◽  
Sarah A. Richmond ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Social Risk ◽  
Social Risk Factors ◽  
Motor Vehicle Collisions ◽  
School Environments ◽  
Vehicle Collisions ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals Life problems and physical illness as risk factors for suicide in older people: a descriptive and case-control study

2006 ◽  
Vol 36 (9) ◽  
pp. 1265-1274 ◽  
Author(s):  
DANIEL MICHAEL JAMES HARWOOD ◽  
KEITH HAWTON ◽  
TONY HOPE ◽  
LOUISE HARRISS ◽  
ROBIN JACOBY
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Older People ◽  
Functional Limitation ◽  
Interpersonal Problems ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Physical Illness ◽  
Control Analysis ◽  
Psychological Autopsy ◽  
Life Problems ◽  
Risk Factors For Suicide

Background. The role of physical illness and life problems in contributing to suicide in older people is potentially important with regard to suicide prevention.Method. The aim of the study was to determine the life problems other than psychiatric illness contributing to suicide in older people. Semi-structured psychological autopsy interviews, covering life problems and physical illness prior to death, were conducted with informants for 100 people aged 60 years old and over who died through suicide in five English counties. Interviews were completed with informants for 54 age- and sex-matched control subjects who died through natural causes.Results. The three most frequent life problems associated with suicide were physical illness, interpersonal problems, and bereavement. Physical health problems were present in 82% and felt to be contributory to death in 62%. Pain, breathlessness and functional limitation were the most frequent symptoms. Interpersonal problems were present in 55% of the sample and contributory in 31%. The corresponding figures for bereavement-related problems were 47% and 25%. In the case-control analysis, the problems found to be risk factors for suicide were problems related to a bereavement over 1 year before death (OR 3·5, 95% CI 1·2–10·6), and problems with accommodation (OR 5·0, 95% CI 1·1–22·8), finances (p=0·01), and retirement (p=0·02).Conclusion. Physical illness, interpersonal problems and bereavement are commonly associated with suicide in older people, but financial, accommodation, retirement and long- term bereavement-related problems may be more specific risk factors.

scholarly journals 1396. Risk Factors for Brain Abscess: A Nationwide Population-based Nested Case–Control Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S507-S508
Author(s):  
Jacob Bodilsen ◽  
Michael Dalager-Pedersen ◽  
Diederik van de Beek ◽  
Matthijs C Brouwer ◽  
Henrik Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Brain Abscess ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Population Attributable Fractions ◽  
Attributable Fractions ◽  
Nested Case Control ◽  
Population Controls ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background Knowledge of risk factors for brain abscess is limited and relies on single-center cohorts without control groups. Methods We accessed nationwide medical registries to conduct a population-based nested case–control study of risk factors for brain abscess. We applied risk set sampling for selection of population controls (1:10) individually matched by age, sex, and area of residence. Conditional logistic regression was used to compute adjusted odds ratios (aOR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Next, population attributable fractions were calculated. Results We identified 1,384 brain abscess patients in Denmark from 1982 through 2016 and 13,839 matched population controls. The median age was 50 years (interquartile range 33–63) and 37% were female. Cases often had a Charlson comorbidity score>2 (16%) compared with controls (3%). Adjusted ORs were: head trauma 2.15 (1.72–2.70), neurosurgery 19.3 (14.3–26.0), dental infection 4.61 (3.39–6.26) or surgery 2.57 (1.71–3.84), ear-nose-throat infection 3.81 (3.11–4.67) or surgery 2.85 (2.21–3.70), congenital heart disease 15.6 (9.57–25.4), diabetes mellitus 1.74 (1.33–2.29), alcohol abuse 2.22 (1.58–3.11), liver disease 2.37 (1.53–3.68), kidney disease 2.04 (1.30–3.20), and lung abscess or bronchiectasis 8.15 (3.59–18.5). The aORs were 4.12 (3.37–5.04) and 8.77 (5.66–13.6) for solid and hematological cancer, 12.0 (6.13–23.7) for HIV, and 5.71 (4.22–7.75) for immuno-modulating treatments. Risks were twice as high when risk factors were observed within 5 years before brain abscess. Population attributable fractions showed that neurosurgery (12%), solid cancer (11%), ear-nose-throat infections (7%) and immuno-modulating treatments (5%) were substantial contributors to occurrence of brain abscess. Conclusion Important risk factors included neurosurgery, cancer, ear-nose-throat infections and immuno-modulating treatments Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

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