Diagnostic accuracy of brush biopsy–based cytology for the early detection of oral cancer and precursors in Fanconi anemia

Background: Indian sub-continent (India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh) is one of the high-risk populations for oral cancer cases. Intraoral screening is critical to diagnosis and treating oral cancer at an early stage for a better prognosis. Among the diagnostic adjuncts, toluidine blue staining is considered a simplistic, cost-effective, and highly sensitive method. The objective of the current study was to find out the diagnostic accuracy of toluidine blue in the early detection of oral squamous cell carcinoma. Patients and methods: This prospective observational study was undertaken at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Institute of Dentistry, CMH Lahore Medical College from15-09-2019 to 15-03-2020 after getting approval from IRB. Based on inclusion criteria, a sample size of 100 was calculated and enrolled in the study. Non-probability convenient sampling technique was utilized. Oral staining of 100 patients was done with 1% toluidine blue on an OPD basis, and incisional biopsies were then performed. Staining pattern and histopathology reports of patients were evaluated to assess the diagnostic accuracy Results: The study results revealed the sensitivity of Toluidine Blue as 89.87%, and specificity of toluidine blue was found as 76.19%. Positive and negative predictive values of Toluidine Blue remained 93.42% and 66.67%, respectively. Conclusion: Toluidine blue has good diagnostic accuracy for early detection of oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC).

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Efficacy of oral brush biopsy in the early detection of oral cancer and oral potentially malignant disorders - a systematic review

Saudi Journal of Oral Sciences ◽

10.4103/sjoralsci.sjoralsci_9_21 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

pp. 0

Author(s):

Mahesh Shenoy

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Oral Cancer ◽

Early Detection ◽

Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders ◽

Brush Biopsy ◽

Oral Brush Biopsy ◽

Potentially Malignant Disorders ◽

Potentially Malignant

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Independent Validation of Sepsis Index for Sepsis Screening in the Emergency Department

Diagnostics ◽

10.3390/diagnostics11071292 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (7) ◽

pp. 1292

Author(s):

Luisa Agnello ◽

Alessandro Iacona ◽

Salvatore Maestri ◽

Bruna Lo Sasso ◽

Rosaria Vincenza Giglio ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Emergency Department ◽

High Risk ◽

Early Detection ◽

Diagnostic Accuracy ◽

Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽

Curve Analysis ◽

Roc Curve Analysis ◽

Distribution Width ◽

Independent Validation ◽

Sepsis Screening

(1) Background: The early detection of sepsis is still challenging, and there is an urgent need for biomarkers that could identify patients at a high risk of developing it. We recently developed an index, namely the Sepsis Index (SI), based on the combination of two CBC parameters: monocyte distribution width (MDW) and mean monocyte volume (MMV). In this study, we sought to independently validate the performance of SI as a tool for the early detection of patients at a high risk of sepsis in the Emergency Department (ED). (2) Methods: We enrolled all consecutive patients attending the ED with a request of the CBC. MDW and MMV were measured on samples collected in K3-EDTA tubes on the UniCel DxH 900 haematology analyser. SI was calculated based on the MDW and MMV. (3) Results: We enrolled a total of 703 patients stratified into four subgroups according to the Sepsis-2 criteria: control (498), infection (105), SIRS (52) and sepsis (48). The sepsis subgroup displayed the highest MDW (median 27.5, IQR 24.6–32.9) and SI (median 1.15, IQR 1.05–1.29) values. The ROC curve analysis for the prediction of sepsis showed a good and comparable diagnostic accuracy of the MDW and SI. However, the SI displayed an increased specificity, positive predictive value and positive likelihood ratio in comparison to MDW alone. (4) Conclusions: SI improves the diagnostic accuracy of MDW for sepsis screening.

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Oral Cancer: Raising Awareness of the Importance of Suspicion in Early Detection

Primary Dental Journal ◽

10.1177/2050168420980959 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 10-12

Author(s):

Farooq Ahmed ◽

Honieh Bolooki ◽

Senathrajah Ariyaratnam ◽

Michael N. Pemberton

Keyword(s):

Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Oral Cancer ◽

Early Detection ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Squamous Cell ◽

Verrucous Carcinoma ◽

Mucosal Lesion ◽

Morbidity And Mortality ◽

Raising Awareness ◽

Suspicious Lesions

Oral cancer is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. In this article we present two cases of potentially innocuous looking lesions, initially thought to be traumatic in origin, but later diagnosed as cancer. The first patient presented with a persistent laceration thought to be caused by an accidental shaving injury, which was subsequently diagnosed as squamous cell carcinoma. The second patient presented with a hyperplastic mucosal lesion, suspected as forming due to denture-clasp irritation, which was subsequently diagnosed as proliferative verrucous carcinoma. The importance of early detection and palpation of suspicious lesions is emphasised in this article.

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