scholarly journals Tolerance and overcompensation to infection by Phytophthora infestans in the wild perennial climber Solanum dulcamara

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 4557-4567
Author(s):  
Laura Masini ◽  
Laura J. Grenville‐Briggs ◽  
Erik Andreasson ◽  
Lars Råberg ◽  
Åsa Lankinen
Keyword(s):  
Phytophthora Infestans ◽  
Solanum Dulcamara ◽  
In The Wild

scholarly journals Recognition of Phytophthora infestans in potato (Solanum tuberosum L.): Scr74 gene as an example

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mulusew Kassa Bitew ◽  
Emmanouil Domazakis
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Phytophthora Infestans ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Effector Proteins ◽  
Wild Potato ◽  
Detached Leaf ◽  
Polymorphic Genes ◽  
Cysteine Rich Protein ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Polymorphic Gene

AbstractPhytophthora infestans is the causal agent of late blight, the most devastating disease of potato worldwide. The P. infestans genome encodes potentially polymorphic genes that evolve continually to evade the recognition of plant R genes, though it has hundreds of predicted and conserved effector proteins recognised by the plant. The gene Scr74 encodes a predicted 74-amino acid secreted cysteine-rich protein belonging to a highly polymorphic gene family within P. infestans. This study screened the recognition of Scr74 genes in wild potato genotypes from August 2013 to January 2014 in the Plant Breeding Laboratory of Wageningen University, the Netherlands. To identify the recognition of the Scr74 gene, we grew potato genotypes in the green house for PVX assays, detached leaf assays and molecular work. Twenty-seven good-quality sequences of the Scr74 gene variant with a length of 74 amino acids were found and more frequent amino acid variation was detected on the mature protein. Seventeen Scr74 constructs were identified as diversified and two effectors were strongly recognised by wild S. verrucosum genotypes via effectoromics from the PVX assay. A strong plant cell death hypersensitive response (HR) was recorded on wild S. verrucosum and S. tuberosum genotypes from the detached leaf assay. This recognition seems to be a useful indicator for the presence of a resistance gene (s) to the polymorphic effectors of P. infestans (as it has seen on Scr74 gene) in the wild potato genotypes.

IV.—Inheritance of Resistance to Two Strains of Blight (Phytophthora infestans de Bary) in Potatoes

1944 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Black
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Plant Breeding ◽  
Phytophthora Infestans ◽  
Inheritance Of Resistance ◽  
Breeding Work ◽  
Resistant Species ◽  
Breeding Station ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Plant Breeding Station

The existence in Mexico of blight-resistant species of potato has been known for many years, but they occur in the wild and are quite unsuitable for agricultural purposes. In order to utilise their resistance to disease it is necessary to combine disease resistance with the cropping qualities of cultivated forms while eliminating the undesirable characters which are prominent in the wild forms. Breeding work with this object in view has been in progress at the Scottish Plant Breeding Station for several years, and results obtained in the course of testing progenies for reaction to blight infection are discussed in the following pages.

scholarly journals Identification of a resistance gene Rpi-dlc1 to Phytophthora infestans in European accessions of Solanum dulcamara

2009 ◽  
Vol 120 (4) ◽  
pp. 797-808 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomasz Michal Golas ◽  
Anne Sikkema ◽  
Jack Gros ◽  
Richard M. C. Feron ◽  
Ronald G. van den Berg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phytophthora Infestans ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Solanum Dulcamara

Comparative next-generation mapping of the Phytophthora infestans resistance gene Rpi-dlc2 in a European accession of Solanum dulcamara

2012 ◽  
Vol 126 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. M. Golas ◽  
H. van de Geest ◽  
J. Gros ◽  
A. Sikkema ◽  
N. D’Agostino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phytophthora Infestans ◽  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Next Generation ◽  
Solanum Dulcamara

scholarly journals Natural Occurrence of Phytophthora infestans Causing Late Blight on Woody Nightshade (Solanum dulcamara) in New York

Plant Disease ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 94 (8) ◽  
pp. 1063-1063 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. L. Deahl ◽  
F. Perez ◽  
C. J. Baker ◽  
R. W. Jones ◽  
L. Cooke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New York ◽  
Late Blight ◽  
Phytophthora Infestans ◽  
Mating Type ◽  
The United States ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Home Garden ◽  
Mitochondrial Haplotype ◽  
Solanum Dulcamara

Woody nightshade (Solanum dulcamara) is a common hedgerow herbaceous perennial in the United States, one of only three native Solanum spp. S. dulcamara is a known host of Phytophthora infestans (3), but infection is rarely reported. There is a U.S. record from Maryland (2); in 1947, Peterson (4) stated that this species had never been found blighted in its natural habitat, although in 1960 it was listed as a host of P. infestans in New York (1). The A2 mating type has not been reported on this host. On 2 July, 2009, leaf lesions similar to those of P. infestans on potato were found on wild S. dulcamara at Riverhead, NY. The plant was growing in a home garden within 10 m of potato and tomato plants infected with P. infestans. When two infected leaves of S. dulcamara were incubated for 24 h under high humidity, a pathogen growth developed around the lesion margins that was characterized by hyaline mycelium bearing lemon-shaped sporangia that released motile zoospores after chilling in water, which is consistent with P. infestans. The caducous and limoniform to ovoid sporangia were 39 to 50 μm (average 45 μm) × 26 to 28 μm (average 27 μm) with a length/breadth ratio of 1.66. No oospores were observed. Three isolates were obtained from this plant during July 2009. Growth on rye agar was indistinguishable from that of local tomato isolates of P. infestans. Detached leaflets of S. dulcamara and S. tuberosum, inoculated with the woody nightshade isolates and kept in a humid chamber, became infected and developed profuse sporulation within 5 days. The pathogen isolated was confirmed as P. infestans by morphological, biochemical, and molecular characteristics. Inoculations of attached leaves of potted S. dulcamara plants resulted in necrotic lesions with many sporangia; sporulation also developed on inoculated, attached, and detached tomato leaves. P. infestans was reisolated and identity confirmed as before. The three isolates were A2 mating type, metalaxyl-resistant, mitochondrial haplotype Ia. All were glucose-6-phosphate isomerase 100/122 and peptidase 100/100, as confirmed with single-spore isolates. RG57 fingerprint analysis confirmed that isolates from woody nightshade, tomato, and potato obtained from the same and nearby sites were identical. Although P. infestans in the United States belongs to the new population, which may infect a wider host range than the old US-1 clonal lineage, S. dulcamara infections have only been found when late blight is already widespread in neighboring fields and there is no evidence to suggest that woody nightshade acts as an overwintering host in the United States. References: (1) Anonymous. Index of Plant Diseases in the United States. Page 456 in: Agric. Handb. No. 165, 1960 (2) C. Cox. Phytopathology 38:575, 1948. (3) D. C. Erwin and O. K. Ribeiro. Page 190 in: Phytophthora Diseases Worldwide. The American Phytopathological Society, St. Paul, MN, 1996. (4) L. C. Peterson. Am. Potato J. 24:188, 1947.

scholarly journals Natural occurrence of Phytophthora infestans on woody nightshade (Solanum dulcamara ) in Ireland

2002 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 392-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. R. Cooke ◽  
D. J. Carlisle ◽  
D. G. Wilson ◽  
K. L. Deahl
Keyword(s):  
Phytophthora Infestans ◽  
Natural Occurrence ◽  
Solanum Dulcamara

Freeze-substituted fungal cells of Nectria haematococca: A comparison of the macroconidial walls of the adhesion-competent wild type with an adhesion-reduced mutant

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 688-689
Author(s):  
Thecan Caesar-Ton That ◽  
Lynn Epstein
Keyword(s):  
Freeze Substitution ◽  
Uranyl Acetate ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Nectria Haematococca ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Dialysis Tubing ◽  
Tube Emergence ◽  
Contrast Microscopy ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Freeze Damage

Nectria haematococca mating population I (anamorph, Fusarium solani) macroconidia attach to its host (squash) and non-host surfaces prior to germ tube emergence. The macroconidia become adhesive after a brief period of protein synthesis. Recently, Hickman et al. (1989) isolated N. haematococca adhesion-reduced mutants. Using freeze substitution, we compared the development of the macroconidial wall in the wild type in comparison to one of the mutants, LEI.Macroconidia were harvested at 1C, washed by centrifugation, resuspended in a dilute zucchini fruit extract and incubated from 0 - 5 h. During the incubation period, wild type macroconidia attached to uncoated dialysis tubing. Mutant macroconidia did not attach and were collected on poly-L-lysine coated dialysis tubing just prior to freezing. Conidia on the tubing were frozen in liquid propane at 191 - 193C, substituted in acetone with 2% OsO4 and 0.05% uranyl acetate, washed with acetone, and flat-embedded in Epon-Araldite. Using phase contrast microscopy at 1000X, cells without freeze damage were selected, remounted, sectioned and post-stained sequentially with 1% Ba(MnO4)2 2% uranyl acetate and Reynold’s lead citrate. At least 30 cells/treatment were examined.

Use of [13C-methyl]Tropinone to follow the fate of the methyl group during calystegine formation in root cultures of Solanum dulcamara (Solanaceae)

Planta Medica ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 74 (09) ◽  
Author(s):  
TA Bartholomeusz ◽  
R Molinié ◽  
A Roscher ◽  
AC Freydank ◽  
B Dräger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Cultures ◽  
Solanum Dulcamara ◽  
Methyl Group

Human neutrophil elastase inhibitory activity of Solanum dulcamara extracts

2006 ◽  
Vol 27 (S 1) ◽  
Author(s):  
K Jenett-Siems ◽  
U Friedrich ◽  
MF Melzig
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Activity ◽  
Neutrophil Elastase ◽  
Human Neutrophil ◽  
Human Neutrophil Elastase ◽  
Solanum Dulcamara
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