Fracture fields in coal rocks are the main channels for gas seepage,
migration, and extraction. The development, evolution, and spatial
distribution of fractures in coal rocks directly affect the permeability of
the coal rock as well as gas migration and flow. In this work, the
Ji-15-14120 mining face at the No. 8 Coal Mine of Pingdingshan Tian?an Coal
Mining Co. Ltd., Pingdingshan, China, was selected as the test site to
develop a full-parameter fracture observation instrument and a dynamic
fracture observation technique. The acquired video information of fractures
in the walls of the boreholes was vectorized and converted to planarly
expanded images on a computer-aided design platform. Based on the relative
spatial distances between the openings of the boreholes, simultaneous planar
images of isolated fractures in the walls of the boreholes along the mining
direction were obtained from the boreholes located at various distances from
the mining face. Using this information, a 3-D fracture network under mining
conditions was established. The gas migration pattern was calculated using a
COMSOL computation platform. The results showed that between 10 hours and 1
day the fracture network controlled the gas-flow, rather than the coal seam
itself. After one day, the migration of gas was completely controlled by the
fractures. The presence of fractures in the overlying rock enables the gas
in coal seam to migrate more easily to the surrounding rocks or extraction
tunnels situated relatively far away from the coal rock. These conclusions
provide an important theoretical basis for gas extraction.