Ovarian cycle and embryonic development in Gammarus fossarum: Application for reproductive toxicity assessment

1 Carbofuran was administered orally to adult male rats at dose levels of 0.1, 0.2, 0.4 or 0.8 mg kg -1 body weight, 5 d wk-1 for 60 days. A dose dependent decrease was observed in body weight of rats treated with 0.2-0.8 mg carbofuran kg -1 body weight 2 A significant decrease in the weight of epididymides, seminal vesicles, ventral prostate and coagulating glands was observed at various test doses of carbofuran except at the lowest dose. 3 Decreased sperm motility, reduced epididymal sperm count along with increased morphological abnormali ties in head, neck and tail regions of spermatozoa were observed in rats exposed to 0.2, 0.4, or 0.8 mg carbo furan kg-1 body weight. 4 In addition, significant alterations were observed in the activities of marker testicular enzymes viz. sorbitol dehydrogenase (SDH), glucose-6-P-dehydrogenase (G6PDH) (decreased), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (γ-GT) (increased) depending on dose. 5 Histologically, the results indicated the toxicity of carbo furan on testes depending on dose. The changes pre dominantly consisted of moderate oedema, congestion, damage to Sertoli cells and germ cells, along with the accumulation of cellular debris and presence of giant cells in the lumen of a few seminiferous tubules which showed disturbed spermatogenesis with the higher doses of carbofuran. 6 These observations determined a no effect level dose of 0.1 mg kg-1 body weight of carbofuran on the biochemi cal and morphological indices studied for male repro ductive toxicity assessment in the rat model. The results of the present study provide first hand information on the reproductive toxicity of carbofuran in male rats.

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In vivo and in vitro Reproductive Toxicity Assessment of Ampicillin and Cloxacillin in Mammalian Models

International Journal of Pharmacology ◽

10.3923/ijp.2006.9.14 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 9-14 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Y. Raji . ◽

F.O. Awobajo . ◽

Olufadekemi . ◽

T. Kunle-Alabi . ◽

M.A. Gbadegesin . ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Reproductive Toxicity ◽

Toxicity Assessment

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Multigeneration reproductive toxicity assessment of 60-Hz magnetic fields using a continuous breeding protocol in rats

Teratology ◽

10.1002/(sici)1096-9926(199903)59:3<156::aid-tera7>3.0.co;2-b ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 59 (3) ◽

pp. 156-162 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Bernadette M. Ryan ◽

Richard R. Symanski ◽

Lisa E. Pomeranz ◽

Tim R. Johnson ◽

James R. Gauger ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Fields ◽

Reproductive Toxicity ◽

Toxicity Assessment

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Acmella oleracea (L) R. K. Jansen Reproductive Toxicity in Zebrafish: An In Vivo and In Silico Assessment

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2019/1237301 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-19 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Gisele Custodio de Souza ◽

Arlindo César Matias Pereira ◽

Muller Duarte Viana ◽

Adriana Maciel Ferreira ◽

Ianna Dias Ribeiro da Silva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Embryonic Development ◽

In Silico ◽

Reproductive Toxicity ◽

Control Group ◽

The North ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Hydroethanolic Extract ◽

Primary Compound ◽

F1 Generation

The plant species Acmella oleracea L. is used in the north of Brazil for the treatment of a range of illnesses, such as tuberculosis, flu, cough, and rheumatism and as an anti-inflammatory agent; besides, hydroethanolic formulations with this species are popularly used as a female aphrodisiac agent. However, currently, there are no studies performed evaluating its effect on embryonic development. Hence, this research aimed to evaluate the effects of the hydroethanolic extract of A. oleracea (EHFAo) on the reproductive performance (parental) and embryonic development (F1 generation) of zebrafish, at concentrations of 50, 100, and 200 μg/L. Histopathology of parental gonads after 21 days of exposure to EHFAo reveals few alterations in the ovaries and testes, not impairing the reproduction; an increase of eggs deposition was observed in animals treated with EHFAo at the highest concentrations. Nevertheless, concerning the embryonic development of F1, teratogenic effects were observed including tail deformation, cardiac and yolk edema, scoliosis, and growth retardation; these alterations were more prominent in the groups born from progenitors exposed to the highest concentrations (100 and 200 μg/L.); but only the occurrence of yolk and cardiac edema had a statistically significant difference when compared to the control group. The chromatographic analysis shows that spilanthol (affinin) was the primary compound found in the EHFAo. Hence, in silico assessment was performed to evaluate the pharmacokinetic and toxicological properties of this molecule and 37 metabolites derived from it. Overall, our data show that the treatment caused no detrimental changes in progenitors regarding their gonads or fertility but caused some potentially teratogenic activity in embryos, which may be due to the action of spilanthol’s metabolites M3, M6, M7, M8, M16, M28, and M31.

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Effects of temperature and salinity on the ovarian cycle and the embryonic development of the invasive shrimp Palaemon macrodactylus

Journal of Crustacean Biology ◽

10.1163/1937240x-00002128 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 33 (2) ◽

pp. 218-223 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

María Guadalupe Vázquez ◽

Claudia Cristina Bas ◽

Eduardo Daniel Spivak ◽

Romina Belén Ituarte

Keyword(s):

Embryonic Development ◽

Ovarian Cycle ◽

Palaemon Macrodactylus ◽

Effects Of Temperature

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Reproductive Toxicity of Zishen Yutai Pill in Rats: The Fertility and Early Embryonic Development Study (Segment I)

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2016/3175902 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Li Zhou ◽

Qiuling Huang ◽

Rong Wang ◽

Jie Zhou ◽

Aicui Ma ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Embryonic Development ◽

Reproductive Toxicity ◽

Implantation Rate ◽

Reproductive Organs ◽

Positive Control ◽

Early Embryonic Development ◽

Control Group ◽

High Dose ◽

Sperm Density ◽

Male Reproductive Organs

Purpose. This study was aimed to investigate the reproductive toxicity of Zishen Yutai Pill (ZYP) on fertility and early embryonic development in rats. Methods. SD rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: vehicle control group (distilled water, i.g.), positive control group (80 mg/kg of cyclophosphamide, i.p.), and three ZYP-treated groups (3, 6, and 12 g/kg/d, i.e., 12x, 24x, and 48x clinical doses, i.g.). The high dose was set as the maximum gavage dosage. Results. Cyclophosphamide showed diverse hazards, such as decreased weight of male reproductive organs and sperm density (P<0.05). However, there were no obvious effects of ZYP on physical signs, animal behavior, and survival rate, as well as on weight and food intake during the premating and gestation periods. Importantly, there were no significant adverse effects of ZYP on indexes of copulation, fecundity and fertility indexes, weights and coefficients of male reproductive organs, epididymal sperm number and motility, estrous cycle, preimplantation loss rate, and implantation rate. Besides, the numbers of live and resorbed fetuses per litter were not significantly altered. Conclusions. ZYP had no reproductive toxicities on fertility and early embryonic development in rats at 48x equivalent clinical doses.

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