Association between self‐reported night sleep duration and cognitive function among older adults with intact global cognition

Context: Increasing evidence suggests that circadian and sleep parameters influence cognitive function with aging. Objective: To evaluate observational studies of sleep duration and cognition in older adults. Data Sources: A systematic review of OVID Medline and PsycINFO through September 2015, and review of bibliographies from studies identified. Study Selection: English-language articles reporting observational studies of sleep duration and cognitive function in older populations. Data Extraction: Data extraction by 2 authors using predefined categories of desired information. Results: Thirty-two studies met our inclusion criteria, with nearly two-thirds published in the past 4 years. One-third of studies indicated that extreme sleep durations were associated with worse cognition in older adults. More studies favored an association with long vs. short sleep durations (35 vs. 26% of studies, respectively). Four studies found that greater changes in sleep duration over time were related to lower cognition. Study design and analytic methods were very heterogeneous across studies; therefore, meta-analysis was not undertaken. Limitations: We reviewed English-language manuscripts only, with a qualitative summary of studies identified. Conclusions and Implications of Key Findings: Observational studies of sleep duration and cognitive function in older adults have produced mixed results, with more studies suggesting that long (rather than short) sleep durations are related to worse cognition. Studies more consistently indicate that greater changes in sleep duration are associated with poor cognition. Future studies should be prospectively designed, with objective sleep assessment and longer follow-up periods; intervention studies are also needed to identify strategies for promoting cognitive health with aging.

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THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE EXPERIENCE OF SIGNIFICANT HISTORICAL EVENTS AND COGNITIVE FUNCTION AMONG OLDER ADULTS

Innovation in Aging ◽

10.1093/geroni/igz038.3406 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. S936-S937

Author(s):

Stephanie M Bergren ◽

Gabriella Dong

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Working Memory ◽

Cognitive Function ◽

Episodic Memory ◽

Processing Speed ◽

Historical Event ◽

Historical Events ◽

Chinese Older Adults ◽

Global Cognition ◽

The Relationship

Abstract Research has found relationships between experiencing stressful events and lower cognitive function in late life. However, there is little research about the cumulative experiences of significant historical events and cognitive function. Historical events may be unique compared to other life events due to their potential distal relationship to the individual. This study aims to examine the relationship between experiencing significant historical events and cognitive function among Chinese older adults. Data were drawn from the PINE Study, a cohort study of 3,126 US Chinese older adults collected from 2017-2019. Participants were asked if they experienced the Japanese invasion, famine, Great Leap Forward, Vietnam War, Cultural Revolution, and the Tian’anmen Square Protests. A composite score of 0-6 was calculated to count the number experienced. Cognitive function was measured through global cognition, episodic memory, working memory, processing speed, and Chinese MMSE. Linear and quantile regression were performed. Among the participants, 1908 (61.04%) were female with mean age of 75.33 (SD=8.22) years. The average number of historical events experienced was 2.36 (SD=1.44). After adjusting for covariates, every one additional historical event experience was associated with better global cognition (b=0.26, SE=0.009, p<.01), episodic memory (b = 0.045, SE=0.012, p<.001), and processing speed (b=0.383, SE=0.135, p<.01). Number of historical events was not significantly associated with working memory or C-MMSE. The positive relationship between historical events and some cognitive domains suggests a potential resilience effect after experiencing historical events. Future research should examine whether participants found events stressful and whether there are differential relationships to cognitive function.

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The Association Between Dietary Pattern Adherence, Cognitive Stimulating Lifestyle, and Cognitive Function Among Older Adults From the Quebec Longitudinal Study on Nutrition and Successful Aging

The Journals of Gerontology Series B ◽

10.1093/geronb/gbaa178 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Matthew D Parrott ◽

Pierre-Hugues Carmichael ◽

Danielle Laurin ◽

Carol E Greenwood ◽

Nicole D Anderson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Longitudinal Study ◽

Cognitive Function ◽

Dietary Patterns ◽

Dietary Pattern ◽

Successful Aging ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Primary Effect ◽

Western Dietary Pattern ◽

Global Cognition

Abstract Objectives This study examined the effect of dietary patterns and engagement in cognitive stimulating lifestyle (CSL) behaviors on the trajectory of global cognition, executive function (EF), and verbal episodic memory (VEM). Methods Western and prudent dietary patterns were empirically derived using food frequency questionnaire responses from 350 community-dwelling older adults (mean age: 73.7 years) participating in the Quebec Longitudinal Study on Nutrition and Successful Aging. CSL was represented by a binary composite indicator based on education, occupational complexity, and social engagement. Global cognition, EF, and VEM were assessed prospectively. Results Primary effect models revealed an association between higher Western dietary pattern score and a greater rate of decline in global cognition and EF. Higher Western dietary pattern adherence was also associated with poorer baseline VEM. Primary effect models also revealed that CSL was independently associated with baseline global cognition and EF. Effect modification models suggested an interactive effect between Western dietary pattern and CLS on global cognition only. No associations were found for prudent dietary pattern score. Discussion Contributing to existing research supporting the negative impact of consuming an unhealthy diet on cognitive function, the current study suggests increased vulnerability among older adults who do not engage in a CSL. These findings can inform the development of lifestyle intervention programs that target brain health in later adulthood.

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Bidirectional Associations between Short or Long Sleep Duration and Cognitive Function: the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study

10.1101/2021.01.23.21250015 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Jianian Hua ◽

Hongpeng Sun ◽

Qi Fang

Keyword(s):

Longitudinal Study ◽

Cognitive Function ◽

Sleep Duration ◽

Short Sleep Duration ◽

Short Sleep ◽

Bidirectional Association ◽

Long Sleep ◽

Global Cognition ◽

Bidirectional Associations ◽

Prospective Longitudinal

AbstractIMPORTANCEThe bidirectional association between sleep duration and cognitive function has not been conclusively demonstrated.OBJECTIVETo investigate the longitudinal association between sleep duration and cognitive function among middle-aged and elderly Chinese participants.Design, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTSA national representative and prospective longitudinal study in China. 7984 participants aged 45 years and above were assessed at baseline between June 2011 and March 2012 (wave 1) and 2013 (wave 2), 2015 (wave 3) and 2018 (wave4).MAIN OUCOMES AND MEASURESSelf-reported nighttime sleep duration was evaluated by interview. Cognitive function was evaluated via assessments of global cognition, which reflected the ability of episodic memory, visuospatial construction, calculation, orientation and attention.ResultsRegarding the 7984 participants in wave 4, the mean (SD) age was 64.7 (8.4), 3862 (48.4) were male, and 6453 (80.7) lived in rural area. There were 14981, 11768 (78.6%), 10192 (68.0%), 7984 (53.3%) participants in the four waves of the study, respectively. Latent growth models showed both sleep duration and global cognition worsen over time. Cross-lagged models indicated that long or short sleep duration in the previous wave was associated lower global cognition in the next wave (standardized β=-0.066; 95%CI: −0.073, −0.059; P<0.001; Wave 1 to 2), and lower global cognition in the previous wave was associated with long or short sleep duration in the next wave (standardized β=-0.106; 95%CI: −0.116, −0.096; P<0.001; Wave 1 to 2). Global cognition was probably the major driver in this reciprocal associations.CONCLUSIONS AND REVELANCEThere were bidirectional associations between long or short sleep duration and cognitive function. Lower cognitive function had a stronger association with worse cognitive function than the reverse. A moderate sleep duration is always recommended. Moreover, attention should be paid on the declined cognition and cognitive therapy among older adults with short or long sleep duration.

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Association Between Dual-Task Gait and Cognitive Function in Older Adults

Innovation in Aging ◽

10.1093/geroni/igab046.617 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. 162-162

Author(s):

Jessie VanSwearingen ◽

Mark Redfern ◽

Ervin Sejdic ◽

Andrea Rosso ◽

Anisha Suri

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Executive Function ◽

Cognitive Function ◽

Dual Task ◽

Task Effects ◽

Community Mobility ◽

Gait Quality ◽

Z Scores ◽

Global Cognition ◽

Pearson Correlations

Abstract Community mobility involves walking with physical and cognitive challenges. In older adults (N=116; results here from initial analyses: N=29, Age=75±5 years, 51% females), we assessed gait speed and smoothness (harmonic-ratio) while walking on even and uneven surfaces, with or without an alternate alphabeting dual-task (ABC). ANOVA assessed surface and dual-task effects; Pearson correlations compared gait with global cognition and executive function composite z-scores. The four conditions (even, uneven, even-ABC and uneven-ABC) affected speed(m/s) (0.97±0.14 vs 0.90±0.15 vs 0.83±0.17 vs 0.79±0.16). Smoothness (2.19±0.48 vs 1.89±0.38 vs 1.92±0.53 vs 1.7±0.43) was affected by only surface (controlled for speed). Greater speed was associated with better global cognition(ρ=0.47 to 0.49, p<0.05) for all conditions and with better executive function for even-ABC(ρ=0.39, p=0.04) and uneven-ABC(ρ=0.40, p=0.03). Executive function was associated with smoothness during even(ρp=-0.42, p=0.03) and uneven(ρp=-0.39, p=0.04) walking. Type of walking challenge differentially affects gait quality and associations with cognitive function.

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Is Social Network a Protective Factor for Cognitive Impairment in US Chinese Older Adults? Findings from the PINE Study

Gerontology ◽

10.1159/000485616 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 64 (3) ◽

pp. 246-256 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Mengting Li ◽

Xinqi Dong

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Working Memory ◽

Cognitive Impairment ◽

Social Network ◽

Cognitive Function ◽

Protective Factor ◽

Network Size ◽

Chinese Older Adults ◽

Cognitive Domains ◽

Global Cognition

Background: Social network has been identified as a protective factor for cognitive impairment. However, the relationship between social network and global and subdomains of cognitive function remains unclear. Objective: This study aims to provide an analytic framework to examine quantity, composition, and quality of social network and investigate the association between social network, global cognition, and cognitive domains among US Chinese older adults. Methods: Data were derived from the Population Study of Chinese Elderly (PINE), a community-engaged, population-based epidemiological study of US Chinese older adults aged 60 and above in the greater Chicago area, with a sample size of 3,157. Social network was assessed by network size, volume of contact, proportion kin, proportion female, proportion co-resident, and emotional closeness. Cognitive function was evaluated by global cognition, episodic memory, executive function, working memory, and Chinese Mini-Mental State Examination (C-MMSE). Linear regression and quantile regression were performed. Results: Every 1-point increase in network size (b = 0.048, p < 0.001) and volume of contact (b = 0.049, p < 0.01) and every 1-point decrease in proportion kin (b = -0.240, p < 0.01) and proportion co-resident (b = -0.099, p < 0.05) were associated with higher level of global cognition. Similar trends were observed in specific cognitive domains, including episodic memory, working memory, executive function, and C-MMSE. However, emotional closeness was only significantly associated with C-MMSE (b = 0.076, p < 0.01). Social network has differential effects on female versus male older adults. Conclusion: This study found that social network dimensions have different relationships with global and domains of cognitive function. Quantitative and structural aspects of social network were essential to maintain an optimal level of cognitive function. Qualitative aspects of social network were protective factors for C-MMSE. It is necessary for public health practitioners to consider interventions that enhance different aspects of older adults' social network.

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Cognitive Function in Sexual and Gender Minority Older Adults

Innovation in Aging ◽

10.1093/geroni/igaa057.2442 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. 697-697

Author(s):

Jason Flatt ◽

Samantha John ◽

Paula Frew

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Cognitive Function ◽

Past Research ◽

Cognitive Status ◽

Gender Minority ◽

Memory Problems ◽

Bisexual And Transgender ◽

Global Cognition ◽

Sexual And Gender Minority ◽

And Gender

Abstract Nearly 3.5 million sexual and gender minority (SGM) adults aged 60+ in the U.S. identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and/or queer. We recruited over 50 diverse SGM older adults from the community to better understand correlates of their cognitive function. The Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status, an 11-item screening test of global cognition was used over the phone or in-person. We will describe relationships among cognition and several sociodemographic and health variables (age, sex assigned at birth, SGM identities, race/ethnicity, and health). Past research has highlighted higher rates of perceived memory problems among lesbian, bisexual and transgender adults compared to both gay men and heterosexual men and women. These rates were also higher among those who identify as women. We highlight implications for researching gender identity and cognition in late life, such as the influence of gender roles on cognition and the assessment of gender expression and related constructs.

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Exploring the Bidirectional Associations Between Short or Long Sleep Duration and Lower Cognitive Function: A 7-Year Cohort Study in China

Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience ◽

10.3389/fnagi.2021.727763 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 ◽

Author(s):

Jianian Hua ◽

Sheng Zhuang ◽

Yueping Shen ◽

Xiang Tang ◽

Hongpeng Sun ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Function ◽

Sleep Duration ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Growth Models ◽

Latent Growth ◽

Latent Growth Models ◽

Bidirectional Association ◽

Long Sleep ◽

Global Cognition ◽

Subsequent Wave

Background: Sleep duration is linked to cognitive function, but whether short or prolonged sleep duration results from impaired cognition or vice versa has been controversial in previous studies. We aimed to investigate the bidirectional association between sleep duration and cognitive function in older Chinese participants.Methods: Data were obtained from a nationally representative study conducted in China. A total of 7984 participants aged 45 years or older were assessed at baseline between June 2011 and March 2012 (Wave 1), 2013 (Wave 2), 2015 (Wave 3), and 2018 (Wave 4). Nocturnal sleep duration was evaluated using interviews. Cognitive function was examined via assessments of global cognition, including episodic memory, visuospatial construction, calculation, orientation and attention capacity. Latent growth models and cross-lagged models were used to assess the bidirectional association between sleep duration and cognitive function.Results: Among the 7,984 participants who were followed in the four waves of the study, the baseline mean (SD) age was 64.7 (8.4) years, 3862 (48.4%) were male, and 6453 (80.7%) lived in rural areas. Latent growth models showed that both sleep duration and global cognition worsened over time. Cross-lagged models indicated that short or long sleep duration in the previous wave was associated with lower global cognition in the subsequent wave (standardized β = −0.066; 95% CI: −0.073, −0.059; P < 0.001; Wave 1 to 2) and that lower global cognition in the previous wave was associated with short or long sleep duration in the subsequent wave (standardized β = −0.106; 95% CI: −0.116, −0.096; P < 0.001; Wave 1 to 2).Conclusion: There was a bidirectional association between sleep duration and cognitive function, with lower cognitive function having a stronger association with long or short sleep duration than the reverse relationship. Global cognition was likely the major driver in these reciprocal associations.

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Polyvictimization and Cognitive Function in an Ethnic Minority Aging Population

Innovation in Aging ◽

10.1093/geroni/igab046.1651 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. 427-427

Author(s):

XinQi Dong ◽

Mengting Li

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Working Memory ◽

Cognitive Function ◽

Episodic Memory ◽

Processing Speed ◽

Regression Analyses ◽

Community Settings ◽

Multiple Forms ◽

Financial Exploitation ◽

Global Cognition

Abstract Globally, around 1 in 6 older adults experienced some form of elder mistreatment in community settings. However, little is known about the prevalence of polyvictimization, or experience of multiple forms of abuse, which may exacerbate negative outcomes over that of any one form of victimization in isolation. Data were drawn from the PINE study. Polyvictimization was defined as exposure to multiple forms of victimization, including psychological, physical, and sexual mistreatment, financial exploitation, and caregiver neglect. Cognitive function was evaluated by global cognition, episodic memory, executive function, working memory, and MMSE. Regression analyses were performed. Among 3153 participants, 128 experienced two forms of abuse while 12 experienced three or more forms of abuse. Polyvictimization was associated with lower global cognition (b=-0.05, SE=0.02, p<.05), episodic memory (b=-0.06, SE=0.03, p<.05), working memory (b=-0.14, SE=0.07, p<.05), and processing speed (b=-0.68, SE=0.33, p<.05). Interventions could target older adults with polyvictimization and protect their cognitive function.

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