scholarly journals The Association Between Dietary Pattern Adherence, Cognitive Stimulating Lifestyle, and Cognitive Function Among Older Adults From the Quebec Longitudinal Study on Nutrition and Successful Aging

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew D Parrott ◽  
Pierre-Hugues Carmichael ◽  
Danielle Laurin ◽  
Carol E Greenwood ◽  
Nicole D Anderson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Successful Aging ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Primary Effect ◽  
Western Dietary Pattern ◽  
Global Cognition

Abstract Objectives This study examined the effect of dietary patterns and engagement in cognitive stimulating lifestyle (CSL) behaviors on the trajectory of global cognition, executive function (EF), and verbal episodic memory (VEM). Methods Western and prudent dietary patterns were empirically derived using food frequency questionnaire responses from 350 community-dwelling older adults (mean age: 73.7 years) participating in the Quebec Longitudinal Study on Nutrition and Successful Aging. CSL was represented by a binary composite indicator based on education, occupational complexity, and social engagement. Global cognition, EF, and VEM were assessed prospectively. Results Primary effect models revealed an association between higher Western dietary pattern score and a greater rate of decline in global cognition and EF. Higher Western dietary pattern adherence was also associated with poorer baseline VEM. Primary effect models also revealed that CSL was independently associated with baseline global cognition and EF. Effect modification models suggested an interactive effect between Western dietary pattern and CLS on global cognition only. No associations were found for prudent dietary pattern score. Discussion Contributing to existing research supporting the negative impact of consuming an unhealthy diet on cognitive function, the current study suggests increased vulnerability among older adults who do not engage in a CSL. These findings can inform the development of lifestyle intervention programs that target brain health in later adulthood.

scholarly journals Sex differences in the relationship between dietary pattern adherence and cognitive function among older adults: Findings from the NuAge study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle D’Amico ◽  
Matthew D. Parrott ◽  
Carol E. Greenwood ◽  
Guylaine Ferland ◽  
Pierrette Gaudreau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Western Dietary Pattern ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background: Consumption of a prudent dietary pattern rich in healthy nutrients is associated with enhanced cognitive performance in older adulthood, while a Western dietary pattern low in healthy nutrients is associated with poor age-related cognitive function. Sex differences exist in dietary intake among older adults; however, there is a paucity of research examining the relationship between sex-specific dietary patterns and cognitive function in later life. Methods: The current study aimed to investigate sex differences in the relationship between sex-specific dietary pattern adherence and global cognitive function at baseline and over a 3-year follow-up in 1268 community-dwelling older adults (Mage=74 years, n = 664 women, n = 612 men) from the Quebec Longitudinal Study on Nutrition and Successful Aging (NuAge). A 78-item Food Frequency Questionnaire was used to estimate dietary intake over the previous year. Sex-specific dietary pattern scores were derived using principal component analysis. Global cognition was assessed using the Modified Mini-Mental State Examination (3MS). Results: Adjusted linear mixed effects models indicated that a healthy, prudent dietary pattern was not associated with baseline cognitive performance in men or women. No relationship was found between Western dietary pattern adherence and baseline cognitive function in women. Among men, adherence to an unhealthy, Western dietary pattern was associated with poorer baseline cognitive function (b = -0.652, p = 0.02, 95% CI [-1.22, -0.65]). No association was found between prudent or Western dietary patterns and cognitive change over time in men or women. Conclusions: These findings highlight the importance of conducting sex-based analyses in aging research and suggest that the relationship between dietary pattern adherence and cognitive function in late life may be sex-dependent.

scholarly journals Sex differences in the relationship between dietary pattern adherence and cognitive function among older adults: Findings from the NuAge study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle D’Amico ◽  
Matthew D. Parrott ◽  
Carol E. Greenwood ◽  
Guylaine Ferland ◽  
Pierrette Gaudreau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Western Dietary Pattern ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background Consumption of a prudent dietary pattern rich in healthy nutrients is associated with enhanced cognitive performance in older adulthood, while a Western dietary pattern low in healthy nutrients is associated with poor age-related cognitive function. Sex differences exist in dietary intake among older adults; however, there is a paucity of research examining the relationship between sex-specific dietary patterns and cognitive function in later life. Methods The current study aimed to investigate sex differences in the relationship between sex-specific dietary pattern adherence and global cognitive function at baseline and over a 3-year follow-up in 1268 community-dwelling older adults ( M age =74 years, 52% women) from the Quebec Longitudinal Study on Nutrition and Successful Aging (NuAge). A Food Frequency Questionnaire was used to estimate dietary intake. Sex-specific dietary pattern scores were derived using principal component analysis. Global cognition was assessed using the Modified Mini-Mental State Examination (3MS). Results Adjusted linear mixed effects models indicated that a healthy, prudent dietary pattern was not associated with baseline cognitive performance in men or women. No relationship was found between Western dietary pattern adherence and baseline cognitive function in women. Among men, adherence to an unhealthy, Western dietary pattern was associated with poorer baseline cognitive function ( β = -0.652, p = 0.02). No association was found between prudent or Western dietary patterns and cognitive change over time in men or women. Conclusions These findings highlight the importance of conducting sex-based analyses in aging research and suggest that the relationship between dietary pattern adherence and cognitive function in late life may be sex-dependent.

scholarly journals Associations between Taste Perception Profiles and Empirically Derived Dietary Patterns: An Exploratory Analysis among Older Adults with Metabolic Syndrome

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 142
Author(s):  
Julie E. Gervis ◽  
Rebeca Fernández-Carrión ◽  
Kenneth K. H. Chui ◽  
Jiantao Ma ◽  
Oscar Coltell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Taste Perception ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Animal Fats

Taste perception is a primary driver of food choices; however, little is known about how perception of all five tastes (sweet, salt, sour, bitter, umami) collectively inform dietary patterns. Our aim was to examine the associations between a multivariable measure of taste perception—taste perception profiles—and empirically derived dietary patterns. The cohort included 367 community-dwelling adults (55–75 years; 55% female; BMI = 32.2 ± 3.6 kg/m2) with metabolic syndrome from PREDIMED-Plus, Valencia. Six taste perception profiles were previously derived via data-driven clustering (Low All, High Bitter, High Umami, Low Bitter and Umami, High All But Bitter, High All But Umami); three dietary patterns were derived via principal component analysis (% variance explained = 20.2). Cross-sectional associations between profiles and tertials of dietary pattern adherence were examined by multinomial logistic regression. Overall, there were several significant differences in dietary pattern adherence between profiles: the vegetables, fruits, and whole grains pattern was significantly more common for the High All But Umami profile (OR range for high vs. low adherence relative to other profiles (1.45–1.99; 95% CI minimum lower, maximum upper bounds: 1.05, 2.74), the non-extra virgin olive oils, sweets, and refined grains pattern tended to be less common for Low All or High Bitter profiles (OR range: 0.54–0.82), while the alcohol, salty foods, and animal fats pattern tended to be less common for Low Bitter and Umami and more common for High All But Bitter profiles (OR range: 0.55–0.75 and 1.11–1.81, respectively). In conclusion, among older adults with metabolic syndrome, taste perception profiles were differentially associated with dietary patterns, suggesting the benefit of integrating taste perception into personalized nutrition guidance.

scholarly journals Environmental Factors Affecting Cognitive Function among Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Longitudinal Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (16) ◽  
pp. 8528
Author(s):  
Atsushi Motohiro ◽  
Takafumi Abe ◽  
Kenta Okuyama ◽  
Keiichi Onoda ◽  
Tomoko Ito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Estimating Equation ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Residential Density ◽  
Rural Older Adults

Although neighborhood environmental factors have been found to be associated with cognitive decline, few longitudinal studies have focused on their effect on older adults living in rural areas. This longitudinal study aimed to investigate the role of neighborhood environmental factors in cognitive decline among rural older adults. The data of 485 older adults aged ≥60 years who were living in Unnan City in Japan and had participated in two surveys conducted between 2014 and 2018 were analyzed. Cognitive function was assessed using the Cognitive Assessment for Dementia, iPad version 2. Elevation, hilliness, residential density, and proximity to a community center were determined using geographic information system. We applied a generalized estimating equation with odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of cognitive decline in the quartiles of neighborhood environmental factors. A total of 56 (11.6%) participants demonstrated a decrease in cognitive function at follow up. Elevation (adjusted OR 2.58, 95% CI (1.39, 4.77) for Q4 vs. Q1) and hilliness (adjusted OR 1.93, 95% CI (1.03, 3.63) for Q4 vs. Q1) were associated with a higher likelihood of cognitive decline. The second quartiles of residential density showed significantly lower likelihoods of cognitive decline compared with the first quartiles (adjusted OR 0.36, 95% CI (0.19, 0.71) for Q2 vs. Q1). Thus, an elevated hilly environment and residential density predicted cognitive decline among rural older adults.

An investigation into early-life stress and cognitive function in older age

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (11) ◽  
pp. 1325-1329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah A. Grainger ◽  
John D. Crawford ◽  
Nicole A. Kochan ◽  
Karen A. Mather ◽  
Russell J. Chander ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Life Stress ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Early Life Stress ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Physical Neglect ◽  
Global Cognition

ABSTRACTEarly-life stress (ELS) has previously been identified as a risk factor for cognitive decline, but this work has predominantly focused on clinical groups and indexed traditional cognitive domains. It, therefore, remains unclear whether ELS is related to cognitive function in healthy community-dwelling older adults, as well as whether any effects of ELS also extend to social cognition. To test each of these questions, the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) was administered to 484 older adults along with a comprehensive neuropsychological test battery and a well-validated test of social cognitive function. The results revealed no differences in global cognition according to overall experiences of ELS. However, a closer examination into the different ELS subscales showed that global cognition was poorer in those who had experienced physical neglect (relative to those who had not). Social cognitive function did not differ according to experiences to ELS. These results indicate that the relationship between ELS and cognition in older age may be dependent on the nature of the trauma experienced.

scholarly journals 331 - Global cognition modified the relationship between Anemia and Depression in old age: longitudinal analysis from The IMIAS Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (S1) ◽  
pp. 90-90
Author(s):  
Tamer Ahmed ◽  
Helen-Maria Vasiliadis
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
International Mobility ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Global Cognition ◽  
Longitudinal Relationships ◽  
Poor Cognition

Running head:role of global cognition in the association between Anemia and depression.Background:We examined the longitudinal relationships between hemoglobin concentrations or Anemia and depression and whether baseline cognitive function modifies these longitudinal relationships over 4 years of follow-up.Methods:A total of 1608 community-dwelling older adults from the International Mobility in Aging Study (IMIAS) aged 65 to 74 years were recruited in Natal (Brazil), Manizales (Colombia), Kingston (Ontario, Canada), and Saint-Hyacinthe (Quebec, Canada). The study outcome was depression, defined by a score of 16 or over in the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). Longitudinal associations over four years follow-up were examined using generalized estimating equations. Models reported were either unadjusted and adjusted for research sites, alcohol drinking status, body mass index, chronic conditions, activities of daily life disabilities, and polypharmacy.Results:Longuitinal relationships suggested an evidence of multiplicative interaction by baseline global cognition in which 1g/dL increase in hemoglobin concentrations there was a significant reduction in the risk of depression with a stronger effect among participants with good cognitive function (Odds Ratio (OR)=0.85, 95% CI: 0.78-0.92) compared to those with poor cognition (OR=0.89, 95% CI: 0.80-0.97). Anemia and poor cognition at baseline were associated with an increased risk of depression over four years of follow-up (OR=5.80, 95% CI: 1.84-18.23). Global cognition was also an effect modifier of the longitudinal association between the severity of Anemia and depression.Conclusion:In international samples of older adults, hemoglobin concentrations, as well as the severity of Anemia, were independent risk factors for depression, and these associations differed by global cognitive function.

scholarly journals Family Relationships and Cognitive Function Among Community-Dwelling U.S. Chinese Older Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-46
Author(s):  
Mengting Li ◽  
Man Guo ◽  
Meredith Stensland ◽  
XinQi Dong
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Family Relationships ◽  
Cognitive Aging ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Sociocultural Factors ◽  
Global Cognition

A broad literature has explored racial disparities in cognitive aging. Research incorporating sociocultural factors would provide a more comprehensive understanding of minority aging. This study aims to investigate the role of family typology in cognition among U.S. Chinese immigrants. Data were derived from the Population Study of Chinese Elderly in Chicago (PINE). Family typology included tight-knit, unobligated ambivalent, commanding conflicted, and detached typologies. Cognition was evaluated by global cognition, episodic memory, working memory, executive function, and mini-mental state examination (MMSE). Linear and quantile regressions were used. Older adults with detached and commanding conflicted typologies reported lower global cognition than those with unobligated ambivalent typology. Detached, commanding conflicted, and tight-knit typologies were associated with poorer performance in episodic memory, working memory and MMSE than unobligated ambivalent typology, respectively. Social service providers could be aware of multifaceted family relationships when developing interventions for cognitive function and understand family typology as a whole.

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