Impact of a tobacco treatment program on abstinence and survival rates among current smokers with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

PURPOSE Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) incidence is high in South America, where recent data on survival are sparse. We investigated the main predictors of HNSCC survival in Brazil, Argentina, Uruguay, and Colombia. METHODS Sociodemographic and lifestyle information was obtained from standardized interviews, and clinicopathologic data were extracted from medical records and pathologic reports. The Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression were used for statistical analyses. RESULTS Of 1,463 patients, 378 had a larynx cancer (LC), 78 hypopharynx cancer (HC), 599 oral cavity cancer (OC), and 408 oropharynx cancer (OPC). Most patients (55.5%) were diagnosed with stage IV disease, ranging from 47.6% for LC to 70.8% for OPC. Three-year survival rates were 56.0% for LC, 54.7% for OC, 48.0% for OPC, and 37.8% for HC. In multivariable models, patients with stage IV disease had approximately 7.6 (LC/HC), 11.7 (OC), and 3.5 (OPC) times higher mortality than patients with stage I disease. Current and former drinkers with LC or HC had approximately 2 times higher mortality than never-drinkers. In addition, older age at diagnosis was independently associated with worse survival for all sites. In a subset analysis of 198 patients with OPC with available human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 data, those with HPV-unrelated OPC had a significantly worse 3-year survival compared with those with HPV-related OPC (44.6% v 75.6%, respectively), corresponding to a 3.4 times higher mortality. CONCLUSION Late stage at diagnosis was the strongest predictor of lower HNSCC survival. Early cancer detection and reduction of harmful alcohol use are fundamental to decrease the high burden of HNSCC in South America.

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Cancer Stem Cell Markers in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Stem Cells International ◽

10.1155/2013/319489 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-13 ◽

Cited By ~ 49

Author(s):

Aidan G. Major ◽

Luke P. Pitty ◽

Camile S. Farah

Keyword(s):

Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Stem Cell ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Head And Neck ◽

Squamous Cell ◽

Survival Rates ◽

Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Treatment Modalities ◽

Stem Cell Markers ◽

Cancer Stem Cell Markers

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is one of the world’s top ten most common cancers. Current survival rates are poor with only 50% of patients expected to survive five years after diagnosis. The poor survival rate of HNSCC is partly attributable to the tendency for diagnosis at the late stage of the disease. One of the reasons for treatment failure is thought to be related to the presence of a subpopulation of cells within the tumour called cancer stem cells (CSCs). CSCs display stem cell-like characteristics that impart resistance to conventional treatment modalities and promote tumour initiation, progression, and metastasis. Specific markers for this population have been investigated in the hope of developing a deeper understanding of their role in the pathogenesis of HNSCC and elucidating novel therapeutic strategies.

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The radiobiology of HPV-positive and HPV-negative head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine ◽

10.1017/erm.2020.4 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 22 ◽

Author(s):

Chumin Zhou ◽

Jason L. Parsons

Keyword(s):

Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Head And Neck ◽

Squamous Cell ◽

Survival Rates ◽

Cell Cycle Checkpoint ◽

Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Hpv Status ◽

Hnscc Cell

Abstract Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the sixth most common cancer worldwide, with reported incidences of ~800 000 cases each year. One of the critical determinants in patient response to radiotherapy, particularly for oropharyngeal cancers, is human papillomavirus (HPV) status where HPV-positive patients display improved survival rates and outcomes particularly because of increased responsiveness to radiotherapy. The increased radiosensitivity of HPV-positive HNSCC has been largely linked with defects in the signalling and repair of DNA double-strand breaks. Therefore, strategies to further radiosensitise HPV-positive HNSCC, but also radioresistant HPV-negative HNSCC, have focussed on targeting key DNA repair proteins including PARP, DNA-Pk, ATM and ATR. However, inhibitors against CHK1 and WEE1 involved in cell-cycle checkpoint activation have also been investigated as targets for radiosensitisation in HNSCC. These studies, largely conducted using established HNSCC cell lines in vitro, have demonstrated variability in the response dependent on the specific inhibitors and cell models utilised. However, promising results are evident targeting specifically PARP, DNA-Pk, ATR and CHK1 in synergising with radiation in HNSCC cell killing. Nevertheless, these preclinical studies require further expansion and investigation for translational opportunities for the effective treatment of HNSCC in combination with radiotherapy.

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Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck: report of 18 cases

The Journal of Laryngology & Otology ◽

10.1017/s0022215111000491 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 125 (6) ◽

pp. 608-613 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

O Choussy ◽

M Bertrand ◽

A François ◽

E Blot ◽

H Hamidou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Head And Neck ◽

Squamous Cell ◽

Survival Rates ◽

Multimodality Treatment ◽

Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Positive Staining ◽

Basaloid Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Basaloid Squamous

AbstractObjective:To evaluate the clinical course and pathological characteristics of basaloid head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.Method:Retrospective study of 18 cases of basaloid head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Epidemiological, clinical and histological data were analysed and the Kaplan–Meier test used to estimate survival rates.Results:The majority of lesions were at an advanced stage. These lesions were primarily localised in the larynx, hypopharynx and oropharynx. Routine pre-therapeutic assessment of squamous cell carcinoma was performed. Pathological diagnosis was difficult, although immunostaining was extremely useful. Positive staining for KL1, MNF 116 and 34βE12 and negative immunostaining for chromogranin and synaptophysin were also important factors in obtaining a definitive diagnosis. In the majority of cases, treatment involved surgery and radiotherapy. The five-year survival rate was 5 per cent.Conclusion:Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma is an uncommon head and neck lesion, with a challenging histological diagnosis. These lesions must be carefully monitored due to their aggressive course, and require multimodality treatment.

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Relevance of Neurotrophin Receptors CD271 and TrkC for Prognosis, Migration, and Proliferation in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Cells ◽

10.3390/cells8101167 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (10) ◽

pp. 1167 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yannick Foerster ◽

Timo Stöver ◽

Jens Wagenblast ◽

Marc Diensthuber ◽

Sven Balster ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Head And Neck ◽

Squamous Cell ◽

Survival Rates ◽

Distant Metastases ◽

Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Prognostic Information ◽

Migration Assay

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the sixth most common cancer worldwide and often has a poor prognosis. The present study investigated the role of the low affinity nerve growth factor receptor CD271 as a putative therapy target in HNSCC. Neurotrophins that bind to CD271 also have a high affinity for the tropomyosin receptor kinase family (Trk), consisting of TrkA, TrkB, and TrkC, which must also be considered in addition to CD271. A retrospective study and functional in vitro cell line tests (migration assay and cell sorting) were conducted in order to evaluate the relevance of CD271 expression alone and with regard to Trk expression. CD271 and Trks were heterogeneously expressed in human HNSCC. The vast majority of tumors exhibited CD271 and TrkA, whereas only half of the tumors expressed TrkB and TrkC. High expression of CD271-positive cells predicted a bad clinical outcome of patients with HNSCC and was associated with distant metastases. However, the human carcinomas that also expressed TrkC had a reduced correlation with distant metastases and better survival rates. In vitro, CD271 expression marked a subpopulation with higher proliferation rates, but proliferation was lower in tumor cells that co-expressed CD271 and TrkC. The CD271 inhibitor LM11A 31 suppressed cell motility in vitro. However, neither TrkA nor TrkB expression were linked to prognosis or cell proliferation. We conclude that CD271 is a promising candidate that provides prognostic information for HNSCC and could be a putative target for HNSCC treatment.

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SDCBP Modulates Stemness and Chemoresistance in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma through Src Activation

Cancers ◽

10.3390/cancers13194952 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (19) ◽

pp. 4952

Author(s):

Cristina Mir ◽

Yoelsis Garcia-Mayea ◽

Laia Garcia ◽

Pol Herrero ◽

Nuria Canela ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Head And Neck ◽

Squamous Cell ◽

Survival Rates ◽

Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Advanced Tumor Stage ◽

Ki 67 ◽

Advanced Tumor ◽

Src Activation

To characterize the mechanisms that govern chemoresistance, we performed a comparative proteomic study analyzing head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cells: CCL-138 (parental), CCL-138-R (cisplatin-resistant), and cancer stem cells (CSCs). Syntenin-1 (SDCBP) was upregulated in CCL-138-R cells and CSCs over parental cells. SDCBP depletion sensitized biopsy-derived and established HNSCC cell lines to cisplatin (CDDP) and reduced CSC markers, Src activation being the main SDCBP downstream target. In mice, SDCBP-depleted cells formed tumors with decreased mitosis, Ki-67 positivity, and metastasis over controls. Moreover, the fusocellular pattern of CCL-138-R cell-derived tumors reverted to a more epithelial morphology upon SDCBP silencing. Importantly, SDCBP expression was associated with Src activation, poor differentiated tumor grade, advanced tumor stage, and shorter survival rates in a series of 382 HNSCC patients. Our results reveal that SDCBP might be a promising therapeutic target for effectively eliminating CSCs and CDDP resistance.

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Current and Future Therapeutic Targets: A Review on Treating Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Current Cancer Drug Targets ◽

10.2174/1568009620666201229120332 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 ◽

Author(s):

Geet Madhukar ◽

Naidu Subbarao

Keyword(s):

Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Head And Neck ◽

Squamous Cell ◽

Drug Targets ◽

Survival Rates ◽

Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Global Public Health ◽

Recurrence Rates ◽

Public Health Burden

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) continues to be a global public health burden even after a tremendous development in its treatment. It is a heterogeneous cancer of upper aero-digestive tract . The contemporary strategy to treat cancer is the use of anticancer drugs against proteins possessing abnormal expression. Targeted chemotherapy was found successful in HNSCC but still, there is a stagnant improvement in the survival rates and high recurrence rates due to undesirable chemotherapy reactions, non-specificity of drugs, resistance against drugs and drug toxicity on non-cancerous tissues and cells. Various extensive studies lead to the identification of drug targets capable to treat HNSCC effectively. The current review article gives an insight into these promising anticancer targets along with knowledge of drugs under various phases of development. In addition, new potential targets that are not yet explored against HNSCC are also described. We believe that exploring and developing drugs against these targets might prove beneficial in treating HNSCC.

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Supradose Intra-Arterial Cisplatin and Concurrent Radiation Therapy for the Treatment of Stage IV Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Is Feasible and Efficacious in a Multi-Institutional Setting: Results of Radiation Therapy Oncology Group Trial 9615

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2005.03.168 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 23 (7) ◽

pp. 1447-1454 ◽

Cited By ~ 83

Author(s):

K. Thomas Robbins ◽

Parvesh Kumar ◽

Jonathan Harris ◽

Timothy McCulloch ◽

Anthony Cmelak ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Radiation Therapy ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Head And Neck ◽

Squamous Cell ◽

Survival Rates ◽

Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Institutional Setting ◽

Tumor Control ◽

High Dose

Purpose To determine the feasibility of high-dose intra-arterial (IA) cisplatin and concurrent radiation therapy (RT) for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma in the multi-institutional setting (Multi-RADPLAT). Patients and Methods Eligibility included T4 squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity, oropharynx, hypopharynx, or larynx. Patients received cisplatin (150 mg/m2 IA with sodium thiosulfate 9 g/m2 intravenous [IV], followed by 12 g/m2 IV over 6 hours, weekly for 4 weeks) and concurrent RT (70 Gy, 2.0 Gy/fraction, daily for 5 days over 7 weeks). Between May 1997 and December 1999, 67 patients from three experienced and eight inexperienced centers were enrolled, of whom 61 were eligible for analysis. Results Multi-RADPLAT was feasible (ie, three or four infusions of IA cisplatin and full dose of RT) in 53 patients (87%). The complete response (CR) rate was 85% at the primary site and 88% at nodal regions, and the overall CR rate was 80%. At a median follow-up of 3.9 years for alive patients (range, 0.9 to 6.1 years), the estimated 1-year and 2-year locoregional tumor control rates are 66% and 57%, respectively. The estimated 1-year and 2-year survival rates are 72% and 63%, respectively. The estimated 1-year and 2-year disease-free survival rates are 62% and 46%, respectively. The rates of grade 4 and 5 toxicities at the experienced and the inexperienced institutions were 14% and 0% v 47% and 4%, respectively. Conclusion This intensive treatment regimen for head and neck cancer is feasible and effective in a multi-institutional setting.

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Molecular and genetic profile of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

Medical Herald of the South of Russia ◽

10.21886/2219-8075-2018-9-3-50-57 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 50-57

Author(s):

A. I. Stukan ◽

V. A. Porhanov ◽

V. N. Bodnya ◽

O. Yu. Chuhraj ◽

Y. M. Makarova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Head And Neck ◽

Squamous Cell ◽

Survival Rates ◽

Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Genetic Profile ◽

Cell Cycle Regulators ◽

P53 Expression ◽

E6 And E7

To determine the molecular pathways of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) tumorogenesis there are held a great amount of investigations. New therapeutic models for HNSCC are discussed considering genetic and biochemical specifications and taking in account significant scientific strategies. Dividing HNSCC into 2 large groups in accordance to human papilloma virus (HPV) association with different survival rates is a great achievement of the last decades in carcinogenesis researching and treatment of HNSCC. It is well known that chemical carcinogens are the main cause of HPV-negative tumors development. HPV-positive HNSCC is associated with E6 and E7 HPV proteins. The results of whole exome sequencing of HNSCC are of the great interest. Molecular expression profile of Rb-E2F/p53 were diff erent in HPV-positive and HPV-negative tumors. The phosphorylated pRb and p16 proteins analysis showed low pRb and high p16 levels in HPV-positive tumors in contrast to HPV-negative samples due to the HPV E7 ability to degrade Rb. P16 expression was higher in HPV-positive tumors, so it is immunohystochemical marker of HPV-positive status. The p53 expression pattern is determined also to identify its mechanism of degradation in HPV-positive tumors. Due to carcinogenic HPV ability by inactivation of cell cycle regulators р53 and pRb with the help of E6 and E7 oncoproteins, mutations of TP 53 shouldn’t play leading role in HPV-induced tomorogenity. Nevertheless, there are controversial data concerning HPV-positive tumors that part of them gain p53-mutations at the same time having integrated HPV-genome. The p53 expression in HPV-positive samples was the same as if in the absence of HPV.

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