Spatial accessibility to healthcare facilities in coastal region of Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niaz Mahmud Zafri ◽  
Md Nurullah ◽  
Meher Nigar Neema ◽  
Md Waliullah
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Region ◽  
Spatial Accessibility ◽  
Healthcare Facilities

MEASURING SPATIAL HEALTHCARE FACILITIES ACCESSIBILITY USING TWO-STEP FLOATING CATCHMENT ANALYSIS (2SFCA) (Case Study: Cianjur Regency, Indonesia)

2021 ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Muhamad Iqbal Januadi Putra ◽  
Nabila Dety Novia Utami
Keyword(s):  
Travel Time ◽  
Quality Of Healthcare ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Spatial Accessibility ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
Spatial Disparities ◽  
Time Threshold

The presence of healthcare facilities is quite essential to provide good healthcare services in a particular area, however, the existence of healthcare facilities is not evenly distributed in Cianjur Regency. This condition leads to the disparities of healthcare facilities across the Cianjur Regency. In this paper, we aim to measure and map the spatial disparities of healthcare facilities using a Two-Step Floating Catchment Analysis (2SFCA). This method can calculate the magnitude of spatial accessibility for healthcare facilities by formulating the travel time threshold and the quality of healthcare facilities across the study area. This research shows the result that the spatial accessibility of healthcare facilities in the Cianjur Regency is not evenly distributed across the districts. The spatial accessibility value resulted from 2SFCA is ranging from 0- 3.97. A low value indicates low spatial accessibility, while a higher value shows good accessibility. The majority of districts in the Cianjur Regency have the spatial accessibility value 0-0.5 (86%). Meanwhile, only a few have the higher value; value 0.5-0.99 as much as 6.6%, 0.99-1.49 as 3.3%, and 3.48-3.97 has a percentage of 3.3%. Also, this analysis results in the cluster of good spatial accessibility in healthcare facilities, namely the Pagelaran District and Cipanas District. Interestingly, the downtown of Cianjur Regency has lower spatial accessibility compared to both areas.

scholarly journals Spatial Accessibility of Primary Health Care in Rural Areas in Poland

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (17) ◽  
pp. 9282
Author(s):  
Łukasz Lechowski ◽  
Angelika Jasion
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Average Distance ◽  
Spatial Accessibility ◽  
Theil Index ◽  
Point Distribution ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
Universal Healthcare ◽  
Poor Access ◽  
Central Statistical ◽  
Research Findings

The aim of the study was to assess the spatial accessibility of basic and universal healthcare (understood as primary healthcare (PHC) facilities) in rural statistical localities in Poland. Data from the National Health Fund, Central Statistical Office, National Register of Geographic Names and OpenStreetMap were used in the research. The research was carried out on the basis of modelled distance from the rural statistical localities to the nearest PHC facility. The methods used included network analysis, characteristics of normal point distribution, Theil index, and spatial autocorrelation. Areas where the greatest shortages of access to PHC facilities occurred were indicated on the basis of the analysis of their clustering density. The average distance from rural statistical localities in Poland to PHC facilities is about 5 km. Slightly more than 70% of the distance values are within one standard deviation of the mean. Better access to the examined healthcare facilities is available in the southern and central parts of Poland, while northern and eastern Poland, as well as the border areas, suffer from lower accessibility. Poor access to PHC occurs first of all at the border of Greater Poland Voivodeship with the Kuyavian–Pomeranian Voivodeship, on the border of the Lodz Voivodeship, in Masovian and Swietokrzyskie Voivodeship, and in the ring surrounding Warsaw, as well as in the Pomeranian Voivodeship. The research findings can be used to develop strategies to improve the accessibility of primary care facilities in rural areas.

scholarly journals Analysis of Spatial Accessibility and Capacity of Multi-Level Healthcare Facilities in Greater Irbid Municipality, Jordan

2021 ◽  
pp. 111-121
Keyword(s):  
Health Services ◽  
Travel Time ◽  
Healthcare Facility ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Spatial Accessibility ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
Location Allocation ◽  
Actual Patient ◽  
Driving Time ◽  
Comprehensive Health

Measuring the spatial accessibility and capacity of healthcare facilities is an important task to improve the quality of health services and reduce the pressure on them. This research assesses the current spatial accessibility and capacity of two-level of healthcare facilities (comprehensive healthcare centers and hospitals) in the Greater Irbid Municipality using the enhanced two-step floating catchment area (E2SFCA) method. To do this, Network analysis techniques including original-destination matrix (OD), service area, and location-allocation were employed for determining the travel time from residents' points towards every healthcare facility, the service coverage and capacity within travel time zones, and the number of served areas by every healthcare facility. Then, optimum locations for new healthcare facilities that improve the accessibility and capacity rates were determined. The results show that while all areas in the study area are located within a 30-minute drive from the hospital's locations, 18 out of 23 areas are within 15 minutes drive towards the comprehensive health centers. This means that 28.80% of the population needs more than 15 minutes of driving time to access the second level of healthcare services. In addition, the annual average of the actual patient-doctor ratio ranges from 1338 to 2900 patients per doctor in the hospitals, and 2676 to 8524 patients per doctor in the comprehensive healthcare centers, and thus, the health services are inadequate in the study area. Furthermore, the suggested new healthcare facilities in terms of the numbers and optimum location would improve the spatial accessibility and the capacity ratio.

scholarly journals Measuring Spatial Accessibility of Urban Medical Facilities: A Case Study in Changning District of Shanghai in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (18) ◽  
pp. 9598
Author(s):  
Min Cheng ◽  
Li Tao ◽  
Yuejiao Lian ◽  
Weiwei Huang
Keyword(s):  
Transportation Network ◽  
Spatial Accessibility ◽  
Spatial Decision Support System ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
Medical Facilities ◽  
Tertiary Hospitals ◽  
Travel Impedance ◽  
Scientific Decision ◽  
The Impact

Medical facilities help to ensure a higher quality of life and improve social welfare. The spatial accessibility determines the allocation fairness and efficiency of medical facilities. It also provides information about medical services that residents can share. Although critical, scholars often overlooked the level of medical facilities, the composition of integrated transportation networks, and the size of service catchment in the literature on accessibility. This study aims to fill this research gap by considering the integrated transportation network, population scale, travel impedance between medical facilities and residential areas, and the impact of medical facilities’ levels on residents’ medical choices. An improved potential model was constructed to analyze the spatial accessibility of medical facilities in Changning District of Shanghai, China. Interpolation analysis was conducted to reveal the spatial accessibility pattern. Cluster and outlier analysis and Getis-Ord Gi* analysis were applied for the cluster analysis. Results show that the spatial accessibility of medical facilities is quite different in different residential areas of Changning District, Shanghai. Among them, the spatial accessibility of medical facilities is relatively high in Hongqiao subdistrict, Xinjing Town, and part of Xinhua Road subdistrict. In addition, residents have overall better access to secondary hospitals than to primary and tertiary hospitals in the study area. This study provides a spatial decision support system for urban planners and policymakers regarding improving the accessibility of healthcare facilities. It extends the literature on spatial planning of public facilities and could facilitate scientific decision making.

scholarly journals Hierarchical two-step floating catchment area (2SFCA) method: measuring the spatial accessibility to hierarchical healthcare facilities in Shenzhen, China

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhuolin Tao ◽  
Yang Cheng ◽  
Jixiang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Catchment Area ◽  
Spatial Accessibility ◽  
Spatial Disparity ◽  
Traditional Methods ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
Spatial Equity ◽  
Tertiary Hospitals ◽  
Different Levels

Abstract Background Spatial accessibility to healthcare facilities has drawn much attention in health geography. In China, central and local governments have aimed to develop a well-organized hierarchical system of healthcare facilities in recent years. However, few studies have focused on the measurement of healthcare accessibility in a hierarchical service delivery system, which is crucial for the assessment and implementation of such strategies. Methods Based on recent improvements in 2SFCA (two-step floating catchment area) method, this study aims to propose a Hierarchical 2SFCA (H2SFCA) method for measuring spatial accessibility to hierarchical facilities. The method considers the varied catchment area sizes, distance decay effects, and transport modes for facilities at various levels. Moreover, both the relative and absolute distance effects are incorporated into the accessibility measurement. Results The method is applied and tested in a case study of hierarchical healthcare facilities in Shenzhen, China. The results reveal that the general spatial accessibility to hierarchical healthcare facilities in Shenzhen is unevenly distributed and concentrated. The disparity of general accessibility is largely caused by the concentrated distribution of tertiary hospitals. For facilities at higher levels, average accessibility of demanders is higher, but there are also larger disparities in spatial accessibility. The comparison between H2SFCA and traditional methods reveals that traditional methods underestimate the spatial disparity of accessibility, which may lead to biased suggestions for policy making. Conclusions The results suggest that the supply of healthcare resources at primary facilities is far from sufficient. To improve the spatial equity in spatial accessibility to hierarchical healthcare facilities, various actions are needed at different levels. The proposed H2SFCA method contributes to the modelling of spatial accessibility to hierarchical healthcare facilities in China and similar environments where the referral system has not been well designed. It can also act as the foundation for developing more comprehensive measures in future studies.

scholarly journals Spatial accessibility assessment of COVID-19 patients to healthcare facilities: A case study of Florida

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 95-101
Author(s):  
Mahyar Ghorbanzadeh ◽  
Kyusik Kim ◽  
Eren Erman Ozguven ◽  
Mark W Horner
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Accessibility ◽  
Healthcare Facilities

scholarly journals Measuring Accessibility of Healthcare Facilities for Populations with Multiple Transportation Modes Considering Residential Transportation Mode Choice

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinxin Zhou ◽  
Zhaoyuan Yu ◽  
Linwang Yuan ◽  
Lei Wang ◽  
Changbin Wu
Keyword(s):  
Public Transportation ◽  
Route Planning ◽  
Economic Cost ◽  
Spatial Accessibility ◽  
Impact Factors ◽  
Transportation Mode ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
Web Mapping ◽  
Pediatric Clinic ◽  
Transportation Modes

Accessibility research of healthcare facilities is developing towards multiple transportation modes (MTM), which are influenced by residential transportation choices and preferences. Due to differences in travel impact factors such as traffic conditions, origin location, distance to the destination, and economic cost, residents’ daily travel presents different residential transportation mode choices (RTMC). The purpose of our study was to measure the spatial accessibility of healthcare facilities based on MTM considering RTMC (MTM-RTMC). We selected the gravity two-step floating catchment area method (G2SFCA) as a fundamental model. Through the single transportation mode (STM), MTM, and MTM-RTMC, three aspects used to illustrate and redesign the G2SFCA, we obtained the MTM-RTMC G2SFCA model that integrates RTMC probabilities and the travel friction coefficient. We selected Nanjing as the experimental area, used route planning data of four modes (including driving, walking, public transportation, and bicycling) from a web mapping platform, and applied the three models to pediatric clinic services to measure accessibility. The results show that the MTM-RTMC mechanism is to make up for the traditional estimation of accessibility, which loses sight of the influence of residential transportation choices. The MTM-RTMC mechanism that provides a more realistic and reliable way can generalize to major accessibility models and offers preferable guidance for policymakers.

scholarly journals Spatial accessibility assessment to healthcare facilities: urban and rural areas

2021 ◽  
Vol 301 ◽  
pp. 02004
Author(s):  
Inna Čábelková ◽  
Zhanna Gardanova ◽  
Eduard Neimatov ◽  
Vladimir Esaulov
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Spatial Accessibility ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Large Pressure ◽  
Urban And Rural Areas ◽  
Social And Cultural Factors ◽  
Political Economic

This research concentrates on the spatial accessibility assessment to healthcare facilities. Specifically, in doing so it compares the situation in urban and rural areas. In many countries, health inequalities continue to be a major public health challenge. Furthermore, there is also urbanization that occurs when people move from rural areas to urban areas. It leads to an increase in urban population and the extent of urban areas. Driven by population growth, many cities in low and middle-income countries are growing at record rates which puts large pressure on the healthcare system and facilities. Our research demonstrates that due to many political, economic, social and cultural factors, the current inequalities in health care between regions, urban and rural areas and different age and income groups are increasing. Thence, there is a pressing need for the improvement of the healthcare in the lagged regions and areas using such means as the advanced technologies, analysis of data, as well as targeted funding and assistance to those who need it the most.

scholarly journals Regionálne nerovnosti v zdravotnej a sociálnej starostlivosti o seniorov na Slovensku

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcela KÁČEROVÁ ◽  
Slavomír ONDOŠ ◽  
Miriam MILÁČKOVÁ
Keyword(s):  
Old Age ◽  
Social Care ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Population Aging ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Spatial Accessibility ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
Regression Parameters ◽  
Health And Social Care ◽  
Senior Population

Slovakia's regional health and social care inequities in old age. This study aims to find and analyse inequity between regions in access to health and social care. Focusing on two age groups above 65 and 80, we investigate a possibility that in some regions health and social care deteriorates towards substandard level. We use a static regression test in spatial Durbin specification for the relationships between distribution of demand for health and social care in senior population, and distribution of service providers' network: general practitioners and medical specialists in the first domain, residential social care facilities in the second domain. Significant regression parameters reveal that health and social care correlate in a complex pattern, including indices of population density, settlement hierarchy and competition. Difference between public and private subjects suggests existence of cost effectiveness driving capacities into suburban area. Current intensity of population aging and related growth in cohort size in senior age encourage a novel attitude and reassessment of wellbeing, housing, security, formal and informal support. Increasing longevity creates a simultaneous participation of three or four generations in the family networks at the same time. Social and economic problems arise on basis of inter-generational responsibility. Social care for senior population is one of the most important components of state's institutional sphere. Despite long history and adaptive capacity of public social sector, on background of different socioeconomic contexts, their scope, structure, and spatial accessibility signal inequities. Regional qualities seem structurally linked with healthcare facilities, part of which evolves in a commercial regime. Supply side may avoid the burden of healthcare in old age when health and mobility decline. We pay attention to relationships between healthcare and social care capacities and suggest practical identification of regions and their parts at the municipality scale, in which inaccessibility aggregates. These regions need future spatially well-focused interventions correcting increasing commercial motive shaping distribution of service providers.

scholarly journals Spatial Accessibility to Primary Healthcare Services by Multimodal Means of Travel: Synthesis and Case Study in the City of Calgary

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amritpal Kaur Kaur Khakh ◽  
Victoria Fast ◽  
Rizwan Shahid
Keyword(s):  
Primary Healthcare ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Universal Access ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Spatial Accessibility ◽  
Healthcare Sector ◽  
Ratio Method ◽  
Urban Centre ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
The City

Universal access to primary healthcare facilities is a driving goal of healthcare organizations. Despite Canada’s universal access to primary healthcare status, spatial accessibility to healthcare facilities is still an issue of concern due to the non-uniform distribution of primary healthcare facilities and population over space—leading to spatial inequity in the healthcare sector. Spatial inequity is further magnified when health-related accessibility studies are analyzed on the assumption of universal car access. To overcome car-centric studies of healthcare access, this study compares different travel modes—driving, public transit, and walking—to simulate the multi-modal access to primary healthcare services in the City of Calgary, Canada. Improving on floating catchment area methods, spatial accessibility was calculated based on the Spatial Access Ratio method, which takes into consideration the provider-to-population status of the region. The analysis revealed that, in the City of Calgary, spatial accessibility to the primary healthcare services is the highest for the people with an access to a car, and is significantly lower with multimodal (bus transit and train) means despite being a large urban centre. The social inequity issue raised from this analysis can be resolved by improving the city’s pedestrian infrastructure, public transportation, and construction of new clinics in regions of low accessibility.

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