Government expenditures and economic growth in the MENA region: A dynamic heterogeneous panel estimation

Author(s):  
Mohammed Daher Alshammary ◽  
Norlin Khalid ◽  
Zulkefly Abdul Karim ◽  
Riayati Ahmad
2007 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.R. Kemal ◽  
Abdul Qayyum Abdul Qayyum ◽  
Muhammad Nadim Hanif

This paper examines the empirical relationship between financial development and economic growth for high income countries. The study focuses on both indirect finance and direct finance, separately as well as jointly. Applying the methodology of Nair-Reichert and Weinhold (2001) for causality analysis in heterogeneous panel data, two sets of results are reported. First, the evidence regarding the relationship between financial development and economic growth from a contemporaneous non-dynamic fixed effects panel estimation is mixed. Negative and statistically significant estimates of the coefficient of the inflation and financial development interaction variable indicate that financial sector development may even be harmful to economic growth when inflation is rising. Second, in contrast with the recent evidence of Beck and Levine (2003), heterogeneous panel causality analysis applied on a refined model indicates that there is no definite evidence that finance spurs economic growth or growth spurs finance. Most of our findings are in line with the Lucas (1988) view that the importance of financial matters is overstressed. The only exception is the case of activity in stock markets where our result supports the Robinson (1952) view that finance follows enterprise.


2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Ahmad Ghazali Ismail ◽  
Arlinah Abd Rashid ◽  
Azlina Hanif

The relationship and causality direction between electricity consumption and economic growth is an important issue in the fields of energy economics and policies towards energy use. Extensive literatures has discussed the issue, but the array of findings provides anything but consensus on either the existence of relations or direction of causality between the variables. This study extends research in this area by studying the long-run and causal relations between economic growth, electricity consumption, labour and capital based on the neo-classical one sector aggregate production technology mode using data of electricity consumption and real GDP for ASEAN from the year 1983 to 2012. The analysis is conducted using advanced panel estimation approaches and found no causality in the short run while in the long-run, the results indicate that there are bidirectional relationship among variables. This study provides supplementary evidences of relationship between electricity consumption and economic growth in ASEAN.


2011 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 533-554 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Santana-Gallego ◽  
Francisco Ledesma-Rodríguez ◽  
Jorge V. Pérez-Rodríguez

Author(s):  
Olimpia Neagu ◽  
Cristian Haiduc ◽  
Andrei Anghelina

AbstractThe aim of the paper is to provide empirical evidence in support of the relationship between renewable energy consumption and economic growth in eleven Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries over the period 1995-2015 within a multivariate panel data analysis. Based on World Bank data, the panel cointegration analysis reveals that renewable energy consumption and economic growth are positively associated in the long run in CEE countries. The heterogeneous panel causality test indicates a bi-directional causality relationship in support of the feedback hypothesis between economic growth and renewable energy consumption in Central and Eastern European countries.


2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (24) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hichem Dkhili

Background. Studies on environmental performance/quality and economic growth show inconclusive results. Objective. The aim of the present study is to assess the non-linear relationship between environmental performance and economic growth in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region from 2002–2018. Methods. A sample of fourteen (14) MENA countries was used in the present analysis. However, due to important differences between countries in this region, the whole sample was divided into two sub-samples; nine Middle Eastern countries (MEAS) and five North African countries (NAF). We performed the panel smooth transition regression model as an econometric approach. Discussion. Empirical results indicate a threshold effect in the environmental performance and economic growth relationship. The threshold value differs from one group of countries to another. More specifically, we found that the impact of environmental performance and economic growth is positive and significant only if a certain threshold level has been attained. Until then, the effect remains negative. Conclusions. The findings of the present study are of great importance for policymakers since they determine the optimal level of environmental performance required to act positively on the level of economic growth. MENA countries should seek to improve their environmental performance index in order to grow output. Competing Interests. The authors declare no competing financial interests.


Author(s):  
Ginanjar Aji Nugroho

The puposes of this study are (1) to analyze the effects of government expenditures on education, health and infrastructure sectors toward economic growth and human development index in Indonesia, (2) to investigate the impacts of economic growth on human dvelopment index, (3) and to examine the effects of government expenditures on education, health and infrastructure sectors toward human development index both directly and through the economic growth. The study used samples from twenty provinces, which were selected using simple random sampling, divided into two groups; the first group comprised higher HDI provinces; the second group consisted of lower HDI provinces. To examine the model, the study applied path analysis method. The mean test was also applied to determine whether there were statistical average differences between the two groups. The results of this study show different responds between the higher HDI provinces and lower HDI provinces. The higher HDI provinces show that government expenditures on health and infrastructure have positive and significant impacts on human development index through economic growth indirectly; on the other hand, the lower HDI provinces show that only expenditure on education gives positive and significant impacts on human development index. Meanwhile, the economic growth shows positive and significant impacts on human development index in both higher HDI and lower HDI provinces.  Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1).Mengetahui pengaruh pengeluaran pemerintah pada sektor pendidikan, kesehatan dan infrastruktur terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi dan indeks pembangunan manusia (IPM) di Indonesia, (2).Mengetahui pengaruh pertumbuhan ekonomi terhadap IPM, dan (3).Mengetahui pengaruh pengeluaran pemerintah pada sektor pendidikan, kesehatan dan infrastruktur terhadap IPM, baik secara langsung maupun melalui pertumbuhan ekonomi. Penelitian ini menggunakan sampel dua puluh provinsi yang dipilih dengan teknik simple random sampling yang kemudian dibagi kedalam dua kelompok, yaitu kelompok daerah dengan angka IPM tinggi dan kelompok daerah dengan angka IPM rendah. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis jalur. Sebagai pendukung, juga dilakukan uji beda rata-rata untuk mengetahui ada tidaknya perbedaan rata-rata secara statistik terhadap dua kelompok tersebut. Hasil estimasi menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan respon diantara dua kelompok daerah tersebut. Pada kelompok daerah dengan angka IPM tinggi, terlihat bahwa pengeluaran kesehatan dan infrastruktur mempunyai pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap IPM melalui pertumbuhan ekonomi, sedangkan pada kelompok daerah dengan angka IPM rendah terlihat bahwa hanya pengeluaran pendidikan yang mempunyai pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap angka IPM. Adapun pertumbuhan ekonomi, terlihat menunjukkan pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan terhadap IPM. Hal ini terjadi pada kedua kelompok daerah, baik kelompok daerah dengan IPM tinggi maupun IPM rendah.


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