Assessment of human cytomegalovirus specific T cell immunity in human immunodeficiency virus infected patients in different disease stages following HAART and in long-term non-progressors

2004 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 382-389
Author(s):  
Amparo Tamarit ◽  
Juan Alberola ◽  
Josep Vicent Mira ◽  
Carlos Tornero ◽  
Mar�a Jos� Galindo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Human Cytomegalovirus ◽  
T Cell Immunity ◽  
Cell Immunity ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Disease Stages

scholarly journals Induction of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-Specific CD8 T-Cell Responses by Listeria monocytogenes and a Hyperattenuated Listeria Strain Engineered To Express HIV Antigens

2000 ◽  
Vol 74 (21) ◽  
pp. 9987-9993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel S. Friedman ◽  
Fred R. Frankel ◽  
Zhan Xu ◽  
Judy Lieberman
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
T Cell ◽  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
T Cell Immunity ◽  
Vaccine Vector ◽  
Cell Immunity ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv 1

ABSTRACT Induction of cell-mediated immunity may be essential for an effective AIDS vaccine. Listeria monocytogenes is an attractive bacterial vector to elicit T-cell immunity to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) because it specifically infects monocytes, key antigen-presenting cells, and because natural infection originates at the mucosa. Immunization with recombinant L. monocytogenes has been shown to protect mice from lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus, influenza virus, and tumor inoculation.L. monocytogenes expressing HIV gag elicits sustained high levels of Gag-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) in mice. We have examined the ability of Listeria to infect human monocytes and present HIV antigens to CD8 T lymphocytes of HIV-infected donors to induce a secondary T-cell immune response. Using this in vitro vaccination protocol, we show that L. monocytogenes expressing the HIV-1 gag gene efficiently provides a strong stimulus for Gag-specific CTLs in HIV-infected donor peripheral blood mononuclear cells.Listeria expressing Nef also elicits a secondary in vitro anti-Nef CTL response. Since L. monocytogenes is a pathogen, before it can be seriously considered as a human vaccine vector, safety concerns must be addressed. We therefore have produced a highly attenuated strain of L. monocytogenes that requiresd-alanine for viability. The recombinant bacteria are attenuated at least 105-fold. We show that when these hyperattenuated bacteria are engineered to express HIV-1 Gag, they are at least as efficient at stimulating Gag-specific human CTLs in vitro as wild-type recombinants. These results suggest that attenuatedListeria is an attractive candidate vaccine vector to induce T-cell immunity to HIV in humans.

scholarly journals Induction of T-Cell Immunity to Antiretroviral Drug-Resistant Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1

2005 ◽  
Vol 79 (12) ◽  
pp. 7728-7737 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Stratov ◽  
C. Jane Dale ◽  
Socheata Chea ◽  
James McCluskey ◽  
Stephen J. Kent
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Drug Resistance ◽  
T Cell ◽  
T Cell Immunity ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Resistance Mutations ◽  
Cell Immunity ◽  
Antiretroviral Drug ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv 1

ABSTRACT Antiretroviral drug-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is a major, growing, public health problem. Immune responses targeting epitopes spanning drug resistance sites could ameliorate development of drug resistance. We studied 25 individuals harboring multidrug-resistant HIV-1 for T-cell immunity to HIV-1 proteins and peptides spanning all common drug resistance mutations. CD8 T cells targeting epitopes spanning drug-induced mutations were detected but only in the 3 individuals with robust HIV-specific T-cell activity. Novel CD8 T-cell responses were detected against the common L63P and L10I protease inhibitor fitness mutations. Induction of T-cell immunity to drug-resistant variants was demonstrated in simian human immunodeficiency virus-infected macaques, where both CD8 and CD4 T-cell immune responses to reverse transcriptase and protease antiretroviral mutations were elicited using a novel peptide-based immunotherapy. T-cell responses to antiretroviral resistance mutations were strongest in the most immunocompetent animals. This study suggests feasible strategies to further evaluate the potential of limiting antiretroviral drug resistance through induction of T-cell immunity.

scholarly journals Aviremia 10 Years Postdiscontinuation of Antiretroviral Therapy Initiated During Primary Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 Infection and Association With Gag-Specific T-Cell Responses

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabine Kinloch-de Loes ◽  
Lucy Dorrell ◽  
Hongbing Yang ◽  
Gareth A. D. Hardy ◽  
Sabine Yerly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Viral Reservoir ◽  
Cell Responses ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Cellular Immune ◽  
Drug Free ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1

Abstract Combination antiretroviral therapy during primary human immunodeficiency virus-1 infection may enable long-term drug-free virological control in rare individuals. We describe a female who maintained aviremia and a normal CD4+/CD8+ T cell ratio for 10 years after stopping therapy, despite a persistent viral reservoir. Cellular immune responses may have contributed to this outcome.

Women who received varicella vaccine versus natural infection have different long-term T cell immunity but similar antibody levels

Vaccine ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (7) ◽  
pp. 1581-1585
Author(s):  
Ellen Tourtelot ◽  
Sally Quataert ◽  
J. Christopher Glantz ◽  
Lauren Perlis ◽  
Gowrishankar Muthukrishnan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
Varicella Vaccine ◽  
T Cell Immunity ◽  
Cell Immunity ◽  
Antibody Levels

scholarly journals Coinfection with Human Cytomegalovirus Genetic Variants in Transplant Recipients and Its Impact on Antiviral T Cell Immune Reconstitution

2016 ◽  
Vol 90 (16) ◽  
pp. 7497-7507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corey Smith ◽  
Rebekah M. Brennan ◽  
Siok-Keen Tey ◽  
Mark J. Smyth ◽  
Scott R. Burrows ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cell ◽  
Human Cytomegalovirus ◽  
Genetic Variants ◽  
Immune Reconstitution ◽  
Hla Class I ◽  
T Cell Immunity ◽  
Transplant Recipients ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Cell Responses ◽  
Cell Immunity

ABSTRACTReconstitution of T cell immunity is absolutely critical for the effective control of virus-associated infectious complications in hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients. Coinfection with genetic variants of human cytomegalovirus (CMV) in transplant recipients has been linked to clinical disease manifestation; however, how these genetic variants impact T cell immune reconstitution remains poorly understood. In this study, we have evaluated dynamic changes in the emergence of genetic variants of CMV in HSCT recipients and correlated these changes with reconstitution of antiviral T cell responses. In an analysis of single nucleotide polymorphisms within sequences encoding HLA class I-restricted CMV epitopes from the immediate early 1 gene of CMV, coinfection with genetically distinct variants of CMV was detected in 52% of patients. However, in spite of exposure to multiple viral variants, the T cell responses in these patients were preferentially directed to a limited repertoire of HLA class I-restricted CMV epitopes, either conserved, variant, or cross-reactive. More importantly, we also demonstrate that long-term control of CMV infection after HSCT is primarily mediated through the efficient induction of stable antiviral T cell immunity irrespective of the nature of the antigenic target. These observations provide important insights for the future design of antiviral T cell-based immunotherapeutic strategies for transplant recipients, emphasizing the critical impact of robust immune reconstitution on efficient control of viral infection.IMPORTANCEInfection and disease caused by human cytomegalovirus (CMV) remain a significant burden in patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). The establishment of efficient immunological control, primarily mediated by cytotoxic T cells, plays a critical role in preventing CMV-associated disease in transplant recipients. Recent studies have also begun to investigate the impact genetic variation in CMV has upon disease outcome in transplant recipients. In this study, we sought to investigate the role T cell immunity plays in recognizing and controlling genetic variants of CMV. We demonstrate that while a significant proportion of HSCT recipients may be exposed to multiple genetic variants of CMV, this does not necessarily lead to immune control mediated via recognition of this genetic variation. Rather, immune control is associated with the efficient establishment of a stable immune response predominantly directed against immunodominant conserved T cell epitopes.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document