Low Skeletal Muscle Mass Is a Risk Factor for Aspiration Pneumonia During Chemoradiotherapy

Although sarcopenia is known to be a risk factor for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), whether NAFLD is a risk factor for the development of sarcopenia is not clear. We investigated relationships between NAFLD and low skeletal muscle mass index (LSMI) using three different datasets. Participants were classified into LSMI and normal groups. LSMI was defined as a body mass index (BMI)-adjusted appendicular skeletal muscle mass <0.789 in men and <0.512 in women or as the sex-specific lowest quintile of BMI-adjusted total skeletal muscle mass. NAFLD was determined according to NAFLD liver fat score or abdominal ultrasonography. The NAFLD groups showed a higher hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for LSMI than the normal groups (HRs = 1.21, 95% CIs = 1.05–1.40). The LSMI groups also showed a higher HRs with 95% CIs for NAFLD than normal groups (HRs = 1.56, 95% CIs = 1.38–1.78). Participants with NAFLD had consistently less skeletal muscle mass over 12 years of follow-up. In conclusion, LSMI and NAFLD showed a relationship. Maintaining muscle mass should be emphasized in the management of NAFLD.

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Low Skeletal Muscle Mass Is An Independent Risk Factor For Arterial Stiffness: The Nagahama Study

Atherosclerosis ◽

10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2019.06.092 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 287 ◽

pp. e31

Author(s):

Y. Tabara ◽

K. Setoh ◽

T. Nakayama ◽

F. Matsuda

Keyword(s):

Skeletal Muscle ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Arterial Stiffness ◽

Muscle Mass ◽

Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽

Independent Risk Factor

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Preoperative low skeletal muscle mass as a risk factor for pharyngocutaneous fistula and decreased overall survival in patients undergoing total laryngectomy

Head & Neck ◽

10.1002/hed.25638 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 41 (6) ◽

pp. 1745-1755 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Sandra I. Bril ◽

Thomas F. Pezier ◽

Bernard M. Tijink ◽

Luuk M. Janssen ◽

Weibel W. Braunius ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Skeletal Muscle ◽

Overall Survival ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Muscle Mass ◽

Total Laryngectomy ◽

Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽

Pharyngocutaneous Fistula

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Low skeletal muscle mass as a risk factor for postoperative delirium in elderly patients undergoing colorectal cancer surgery

Clinical Interventions in Aging ◽

10.2147/cia.s175945 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol Volume 13 ◽

pp. 2097-2106 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Christina Alexa Mosk ◽

Jeroen LA van Vugt ◽

Huub de Jonge ◽

Carlijn Witjes ◽

Stefan Buettner ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Colorectal Cancer ◽

Skeletal Muscle ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Elderly Patients ◽

Muscle Mass ◽

Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽

Postoperative Delirium ◽

Cancer Surgery ◽

Colorectal Cancer Surgery

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Sex influences the association between appendicular skeletal muscle mass to visceral fat area ratio and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in patients with biopsy-proven NAFLD

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s0007114521002415 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-22

Author(s):

Gang Li ◽

Rafael S. Rios ◽

Xin-Xin Wang ◽

Yue Yu ◽

Kenneth I. Zheng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Skeletal Muscle ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Muscle Mass ◽

Odds Ratio ◽

Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽

Adjusted Odds Ratio ◽

Area Ratio ◽

Visceral Fat Area ◽

Appendicular Skeletal Muscle ◽

Appendicular Skeletal Muscle Mass

Abstract Background: Sarcopenic obesity is regarded as a risk factor for the progression and development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Since male sex is a risk factor for NAFLD and skeletal muscle mass markedly varies between the sexes, we examined whether sex influences the association between appendicular skeletal muscle mass to visceral fat area ratio (SVR), i.e., an index of skeletal muscle mass combined with abdominal obesity, and the histological severity of NAFLD. Methods: SVR was measured by bioelectrical impedance in a cohort of 613(M/F=443/170) Chinese middle-aged individuals with biopsy-proven NAFLD. Multivariable logistic regression as well as subgroup analyses were used to test the association between SVR and the severity of NAFLD (i.e., nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) or NASH with presence of any stage of liver fibrosis). NASH was identified by a NAFLD activity score≥5, with a minimum score of 1 for each of its categories. Presence of fibrosis was classified as having a histological stage ≥1. Results: SVR was inversely associated with NASH in men (adjusted-odds ratio 0.62; 95%CI 0.42-0.92, P=0.017 for NASH, adjusted-odds ratio 0.65; 95%CI 0.43-0.99, P=0.043 for NASH with presence of fibrosis); but not in women 1.47 (0.76, 2.83), P=0.25 for NASH, and 1.45 (0.74, 2.83), P=0.28 for NASH with presence of fibrosis. There was a significant interaction for sex and SVR (P interaction =0.017 for NASH and P interaction =0.033 for NASH with presence of fibrosis). Conclusion: Our findings show that lower skeletal muscle mass combined with abdominal obesity is strongly associated with the presence of NASH only in men.

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The sarcopenic risk factor of low skeletal muscle mass is associated with inadequate plasma vitamin C concentrations and obesity.

Proceedings of The Nutrition Society ◽

10.1017/s002966512000052x ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 79 (OCE2) ◽

Author(s):

Richard Hayhoe ◽

Angela Mulligan ◽

Robert Luben ◽

Kay-Tee Khaw ◽

Ailsa Welch

Keyword(s):

Skeletal Muscle ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Vitamin C ◽

Muscle Mass ◽

Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽

Plasma Vitamin ◽

Older Individuals ◽

Musculoskeletal Health ◽

Obesity Status ◽

The Relationship

AbstractSarcopenia, characterised by loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength with age, is a significant risk factor for loss of mobility and independence. The combination of low muscle mass and high fat mass in sarcopenic obesity is associated with particularly poor outcomes. Micronutrient deficiencies can occur alongside obesity despite total energy surplus, and older individuals may be at greater risk of deficiency. Research suggests vitamin C is important for musculoskeletal health, but the relationship with obesity is underexplored.This study aimed to investigate associations of plasma vitamin C with obesity status and explore the relationship with the sarcopenic risk factor, low skeletal muscle mass.EPIC-Norfolk cohort study data were analysed. Bioelectrical impedance analysis-estimated fat free mass (FFM; a proxy for skeletal muscle mass) was adjusted for BMI to give a scaled variable, FFMBMI. A ‘low muscle mass’ category was defined as individuals with the lowest 10% FFMBMI, representing those at high risk of sarcopenia. Plasma vitamin C (ascorbic acid) concentrations were categorised as inadequate (< 50micromol/L) or adequate (≥ 50micromol/L), and obesity status as non-obese (< 30kg/m2) or obese (≥ 30kg/m2).Individuals were grouped according to vitamin C and obesity status: 1, non-obese and adequate vitamin C; 2, non-obese and inadequate vitamin C; 3, obese and adequate vitamin C; and 4, obese and inadequate vitamin C. Using logistic regression, the odds ratio (OR) of each vitamin/obesity status group was calculated in relation to membership of the ‘low muscle mass’ category. Analyses were sex-stratified and adjusted for age, smoking status, physical activity, social class, menopausal and HRT status in women, statin use, and corticosteroid use.Data were analysed for 5903 men (mean 62.9 years, SD 9.0) and 7416 women (mean 61.5 years, SD 9.0). Prevalence of vitamin C inadequacy was higher in obese vs non-obese individuals (men 45.8% vs 33.0%; and women 26.0% vs 15.3%). The odds of ‘low muscle mass’ were higher in all vitamin/obesity status groups vs group 1, but the greatest odds were seen for group 4 (combined obesity and inadequate vitamin C) in men (OR 16.5, 95% CI: 12.6–21.6; p < 0.001) and women (OR 30.2, 95% CI: 23.0–39.8; p < 0.001).In this cohort of older individuals higher prevalence of vitamin C inadequacy is associated with obese individuals. Of importance to musculoskeletal health and our understanding of sarcopenia is the observation that while vitamin C inadequacy and obesity are each independently important, their coexistence is a particularly strong predictor of sarcopenic risk.

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Treatment Failure with combined csDMARDs increases the risk of Low Muscle Mass in women with Rheumatoid Arthritis: a cross-sectional study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-25713/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Melissa Ramirez-Villafaña ◽

N Alejandra Rodriguez-Jimenez ◽

Jorge I Gamez-Nava ◽

Javier A Aceves-Aceves ◽

Ana M Saldaña-Cruz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽

Skeletal Muscle ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Treatment Failure ◽

Muscle Mass ◽

Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽

Independent Risk Factor ◽

Combined Therapy ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Synthetic Dmards

Abstract Background Low muscle mass (myopenia) is frequent in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients with a long-disease duration. Although, the use of combined therapy with conventional synthetic DMARDs (csDMARDs) is one of the main strategies observed in these patients; there is a lack of information if the failure to these therapies increases the risk of myopenia. Objective: To evaluate whether the treatment failure to combined therapy with conventional synthetic DMARDs is an independent risk factor for low skeletal muscle mass in women with RA. Methods This cross-sectional study compared 277 women with RA (cases) and 237 women from non-rheumatic population (controls). In RA patients, we assessed clinical, epidemiological, and therapeutic variables (identifying treatment failure to combined therapy with csDMARDs. The skeletal muscle index (SMI) was estimated by DXA. Low skeletal muscle mass was defined as SMI<5.45 kg/m2. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to a) evaluate whether RA is an independent risk factor of myopenia in comparison with non-rheumatic population and b) identify if treatment failure with csDMARDs is an independent risk factor of myopenia in RA. Results RA patients had a higher prevalence of low skeletal muscle mass than controls (27.8% vs. 15.6%, p=0.001). After adjusting for other factors, RA patients had higher risk of low skeletal muscle mass than controls (OR: 2.7, 95%CI:1.7 to 4.5). Risk factors of low muscle mass in RA patients; were: menopause (OR: 2.3, 95%CI: 1.2 to 4.6, p=0.02) and a failure to combined therapy with csDMARDs (OR: 2.4, 95%CI: 1.10 to 5.81, p=0.03). Conclusions Rheumatoid arthritis is associated with an increased risk of myopenia. Treatment Failure with conventional-synthetic DMARDs constitutes a strong risk factor for deteriorated skeletal muscle mass.

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