Proposed Standard Weight Equation and Standard Length Categories for Lake Chubsucker

AbstractWe encountered 3 cases of acute kidney injury that occurred after treatment with a SGLT2 inhibitor. In case 1, serum creatinine increased from 1.65 to 3.0 mg/dL, in case 2, serum creatinine increased from 1.03 to 1.21 mg/dL, and in case 3, serum creatinine increased from 0.8 to 1.1 mg/dL. Renal biopsy showed isometric vacuolization on tubules, that was completely negative for Periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) stain in case 1, and was partially negative for PAS stain in case 2 and 3, consistent with osmotic vacuolization. Immunohistochemical analysis showed positive staining for CD138 and CD10 indicating the proximal tubules in the vacuolar lesions. 3 patients were obese with body mass index of more than 30, and showed an increase in serum renin. In conclusion, in type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM), individuals that remain within their standard weight range, SGLT2 inhibitor treatment does not result in osmotic vacuolization of proximal tubular epithelial cells and AKI. However, treatment with a SGLT2 inhibitor may cause damage of the proximal tubules resulting in AKI in T2DM individuals who do not remain within their standard weight range, due to an overdose lavage of sugar in the urine and dehydration.

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Effect of early intervention for anxiety on sleep outcomes in adolescents: a randomized trial

European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry ◽

10.1007/s00787-021-01795-6 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Bente Storm Mowatt Haugland ◽

Mari Hysing ◽

Asle Hoffart ◽

Åshild Tellefsen Haaland ◽

Jon Fauskanger Bjaastad ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Early Intervention ◽

Standard Length ◽

Sleep Problems ◽

Sleep Onset ◽

Cognitive Behavioral ◽

Control Group ◽

Sleep Onset Latency ◽

Post Intervention ◽

Clinical Trial Registration

AbstractThe potential effect of early intervention for anxiety on sleep outcomes was examined in a sample of adolescents with anxiety (N = 313, mean 14.0 years, SD = 0.84, 84% girls, 95.7% Norwegians). Participants were randomized to one of three conditions: a brief or a standard-length cognitive-behavioral group-intervention (GCBT), or a waitlist control-group (WL). Interventions were delivered at schools, during school hours. Adolescents with elevated anxiety were recruited by school health services. Questionnaires on self-reported anxiety symptoms, depressive symptoms, and sleep characteristics were administered at pre- and post-intervention, post-waitlist, and at 1-year follow-up. Adolescents reported reduced insomnia (odds ratio (OR) = 0.42, p < 0.001) and shorter sleep onset latency (d = 0.27, p < 0.001) from pre- to post-intervention. For insomnia, this effect was maintained at 1-year follow-up (OR = 0.54, p = 0.020). However, no effect of GCBT on sleep outcomes was found when comparing GCBT and WL. Also, no difference was found in sleep outcomes between brief and standard-length interventions. Adolescents defined as responders (i.e., having improved much or very much on anxiety after GCBT), did not differ from non-responders regarding sleep outcomes. Thus, anxiety-focused CBT, delivered in groups, showed no effect on sleep outcomes. Strategies specifically targeting sleep problems in adolescents should be included in GCBT when delivered as early intervention for adolescents with elevated anxiety.Trial registry Clinical trial registration: School Based Low-intensity Cognitive Behavioral Intervention for Anxious Youth (LIST); http://clinicalrials.gov/; NCT02279251, Date: 11.31. 2014

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Measles virus genotype D4 strains with non-standard length M-F non-coding region circulated during the major outbreaks of 2011-2012 in Spain

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0199975 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 13 (7) ◽

pp. e0199975 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Horacio Gil ◽

Aurora Fernández-García ◽

María Mar Mosquera ◽

Judith M. Hübschen ◽

Ana M. Castellanos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Standard Length ◽

Measles Virus ◽

Coding Region ◽

Virus Genotype

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A quantitative study of the helminth parasites of the Newfoundland short-finned squid, Illex illecebrosus illecebrosus (LeSueur) (Cephalopoda:Decapoda)

Canadian Journal of Zoology ◽

10.1139/z68-155 ◽

1968 ◽

Vol 46 (6) ◽

pp. 1087-1093 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Elizabeth L. Brown ◽

William Threlfall

Keyword(s):

Quantitative Study ◽

Seasonal Variations ◽

Standard Length ◽

New Records ◽

Parasite Burden ◽

Late Summer ◽

Eastern Coast ◽

Published Data ◽

Helminth Parasites ◽

Host Animal

Ommastrephid squid of the subspecies Illex illecebrosus illecebrosus (LeSueur) were obtained during the late summer and early autumn of 1966 and 1967 from numerous areas around the eastern coast of the island of Newfoundland. Helminths of five genera were found, namely, Phyllobothrium sp. and Dinobothrium plicitum (both of which had previously been recorded from this host), Pelichnibothrium speciosum, Scolex polymorphus, and Nybelinia sp. The last three represent new records from this ommastrephid. The incidence of these parasites was tested for correlation with standard length and with sex of the host animal. Annual and seasonal variations in degree of infection were also noted. The greatest number of procercoids encountered were Dinobothrium plicitum. Degree of infection with helminths in 1966 and 1967 was similar (39%:40%) and contrary to earlier published data, infection by cestodes is not always directly correlated with mantle length. Any possible relations between sex of the squid and parasite burden are unclear.

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Re-Opening the Cloze Blank Issue

Journal of Reading Behavior ◽

10.1080/10862967809547271 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 208-210 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Robert J. Rush ◽

George R. Klare

Keyword(s):

General Practice ◽

Standard Length ◽

Word Length ◽

English Language

One aspect of cloze methodology that has received little systematic attention concerns the blanks that remain when the passage is mutilated. Taylor (1953) stated that the deleted word should be replaced by a line of a standard length. The standard length was recommended to avoid giving the subjects information on word length, i.e., the number of letters on the deleted words. The standard length line has since been general practice in cloze research, as shown by many studies. Anderson (1971), however, compared standard-length blanks and exact-length blanks (same length as the deleted words) on three English language passages of differing levels of difficulty. Spooncer (1974) compared a standard-length blank and a blank the size of the deleted word. No significant differences were found between scores when using the two variations. This experiment was designed to examine more closely the effects of word length cues on cloze scores.

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