Dairy Attenuates Weight Gain to a Similar Extent as Exercise in Rats Fed a High-Fat, High-Sugar Diet

Obesity ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (10) ◽  
pp. 1707-1715 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah K. Trottier ◽  
Rebecca E.K. MacPherson ◽  
Carly M. Knuth ◽  
Logan K. Townsend ◽  
Willem T. Peppler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Similar Extent ◽  
High Sugar

scholarly journals Weight gain is associated with changes in neural response to palatable food tastes varying in sugar and fat and palatable food images: a repeated-measures fMRI study

2019 ◽  
Vol 110 (6) ◽  
pp. 1275-1286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonja Yokum ◽  
Eric Stice
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Neural Response ◽  
Group Differences ◽  
Healthy Weight ◽  
Palatable Food ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Low Fat ◽  
High Sugar ◽  
Food Images

ABSTRACT Background Emerging data suggest that weight gain is associated with changes in neural response to palatable food tastes and palatable food cues, which may serve to maintain overeating. Objective We investigated whether weight gain is associated with neural changes in response to tastes of milkshakes varying in fat and sugar content and palatable food images. Methods We compared changes in neural activity between initially healthy-weight adolescents who gained weight (n = 36) and those showing weight stability (n = 31) over 2–3 y. Results Adolescents who gained weight compared with those who remained weight stable showed decreases in activation in the postcentral gyrus, prefrontal cortex, insula, and anterior cingulate cortex, and increases in activation in the parietal lobe, posterior cingulate cortex, and inferior frontal gyrus in response to a high-fat/low-sugar compared with low-fat/low-sugar milkshake. Weight gainers also showed greater decreases in activation in the anterior insula and lateral orbitofrontal cortex in response to a high-fat/high-sugar compared with low-fat/low-sugar milkshake than those who remained weight stable. No group differences emerged in response to a low-fat/high-sugar compared with a low-fat/low-sugar milkshake. Weight gainers compared with those who remained weight stable showed greater decreases in activation in the middle temporal gyrus and increases in cuneus activation in response to appetizing compared with unappetizing food pictures. The significant interactions were partially driven by group differences in baseline responsivity and by opposite changes in neural activation in adolescents who remained weight stable. Conclusions Data suggest that weight gain is associated with a decrease in responsivity of regions associated with taste and reward processing to palatable high-fat- and high-fat/high-sugar food tastes. Data also suggest that avoiding weight gain increases taste sensitivity, which may prevent future excessive weight gain. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01949636.

scholarly journals Selective Glucocorticoid Receptor (GR-II) Antagonist Reduces Body Weight Gain in Mice

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoko Asagami ◽  
Joseph K. Belanoff ◽  
Junya Azuma ◽  
Christine M. Blasey ◽  
Robin D. Clark ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Glucocorticoid Receptor ◽  
Receptor Antagonist ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
High Fat ◽  
High Sugar ◽  
Highly Correlated

Previous research has shown that mifepristone can prevent and reverse weight gain in animals and human subjects taking antipsychotic medications. This proof-of-concept study tested whether a more potent and selective glucocorticoid receptor antagonist could block dietary-induced weight gain and increase insulin sensitivity in mice. Ten-week-old, male, C57BL/6J mice were fed a diet containing 60% fat calories and water supplemented with 11% sucrose for 4 weeks. Groups () received one of the following: CORT 108297 (80 mg/kg QD), CORT 108297 (40 mg/kg BID), mifepristone (30 mg/kg BID), rosiglitazone (10 mg/kg QD), or vehicle. Compared to mice receiving a high-fat, high-sugar diet plus vehicle, mice receiving a high-fat, high-sugar diet plus either mifepristone or CORT 108297 gained significantly less weight. At the end of the four week treatment period, mice receiving CORT 108297 40 mg/kg BID or CORT 108297 80 mg/kg QD also had significantly lower steady plasma glucose than mice receiving vehicle. However, steady state plasma glucose after treatment was not highly correlated with reduced weight gain, suggesting that the effect of the glucocorticoid receptor antagonist on insulin sensitivity may be independent of its mitigating effect on weight gain.

scholarly journals Intact vagal gut‐brain signalling prevents hyperphagia and excessive weight gain in response to high‐fat high‐sugar diet

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Molly McDougle ◽  
Danielle Quinn ◽  
Charlene Diepenbroek ◽  
Arashdeep Singh ◽  
Claire de la Serre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Excessive Weight Gain ◽  
High Sugar ◽  
Excessive Weight

Eisenia bicyclis Inhibits Body Weight Gain and Fat Accumulation Induced by High-Fat Diets in Mice

2010 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 262-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Won-Hee Choi ◽  
Ji-Yun Ahn ◽  
Sun-A Kim ◽  
Tae-Wan Kim ◽  
Tae-Youl Ha
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Eisenia Bicyclis ◽  
Fat Accumulation ◽  
High Fat Diets ◽  
Fat Diets

scholarly journals Partial Deficiency of Zfp217 Resists High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity by Increasing Energy Metabolism in Mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 5390
Author(s):  
Qianhui Zeng ◽  
Nannan Wang ◽  
Yaru Zhang ◽  
Yuxuan Yang ◽  
Shuangshuang Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Chow Diet ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Glycolipid Metabolism ◽  
Partial Deficiency

Obesity-induced adipose tissue dysfunction and disorders of glycolipid metabolism have become a worldwide research priority. Zfp217 plays a crucial role in adipogenesis of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes, but about its functions in animal models are not yet clear. To explore the role of Zfp217 in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice, global Zfp217 heterozygous knockout (Zfp217+/−) mice were constructed. Zfp217+/− mice and Zfp217+/+ mice fed a normal chow diet (NC) did not differ significantly in weight gain, percent body fat mass, glucose tolerance, or insulin sensitivity. When challenged with HFD, Zfp217+/− mice had less weight gain than Zfp217+/+ mice. Histological observations revealed that Zfp217+/− mice fed a high-fat diet had much smaller white adipocytes in inguinal white adipose tissue (iWAT). Zfp217+/− mice had improved metabolic profiles, including improved glucose tolerance, enhanced insulin sensitivity, and increased energy expenditure compared to the Zfp217+/+ mice under HFD. We found that adipogenesis-related genes were increased and metabolic thermogenesis-related genes were decreased in the iWAT of HFD-fed Zfp217+/+ mice compared to Zfp217+/− mice. In addition, adipogenesis was markedly reduced in mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) from Zfp217-deleted mice. Together, these data indicate that Zfp217 is a regulator of energy metabolism and it is likely to provide novel insight into treatment for obesity.

scholarly journals Formative work to design a digital learning self-assessment and feedback tool to prevent weight gain among college students

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 205520762097945
Author(s):  
Melissa A Napolitano ◽  
Sarah Beth Lynch ◽  
Meghan N Mavredes ◽  
Benjamin D Shambon ◽  
Laurie Posey
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
College Students ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Usability Testing ◽  
Formative Research ◽  
Weight Gain Prevention ◽  
Digital Learning ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Prototype Development ◽  
Sugary Beverages

Objective While colleges have implemented brief, tailored interventions for health-risk areas such as alcohol prevention, theoretically-guided digital learning offerings for weight gain prevention have lagged behind in programming and implementation. Thus, the objective was to design and usability test a weight gain prevention digital learning platform for college students with modules targeting key nutrition and physical activity behaviors. Methods Development occurred in iterative phases: formative research, descriptive normative data collection, prototype development, and usability testing. Formative research consisted of background work and survey administration to incoming and current freshmen. Prototype development was guided by theories of behavior change and cognitive processing, and consisted of brief assessment and feedback using written text, graphs, and videos. Iterative usability testing was conducted. Results Current freshmen reported eating more quick order meals per week than incoming freshman, but fewer high-fat snacks and fewer sugary beverages. Current freshmen reported more sedentary time than incoming freshmen. Based on iterative testing results, eight behavioral targets were established: breakfast, high-fat snacks, fried foods, sugary beverages, fruit/vegetables, physical activity, pizza intake, and sedentary behavior. Initial usability testers indicated the modules were easy to understand, held their attention, and were somewhat novel. Analysis of qualitative feedback revealed themes related to content, layout, structure and suggested refinements to the modules. Conclusions A gap exists for evidence-based obesity prevention programs targeted to adolescents as they transition into adulthood. Brief, tailored digital learning interventions show promise towards addressing key behavioral nutrition and physical activity targets among students during the transition to college.

The snacking rat as model of human obesity: effects of a free-choice high-fat high-sugar diet on meal patterns

2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 643-649 ◽  
Author(s):  
S E la Fleur ◽  
M C M Luijendijk ◽  
E M van der Zwaal ◽  
M A D Brans ◽  
R A H Adan
Keyword(s):  
Free Choice ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Human Obesity ◽  
Meal Patterns ◽  
High Sugar
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