Validity of self‐reports of medication treatment of depression in general population surveys

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramin Mojtabai ◽  
Masoumeh Amin‐Esmaeili
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Population Surveys ◽  
Medication Treatment ◽  
Treatment Of Depression ◽  
Self Reports

scholarly journals Personalized Biometrics of Physical Pain Agree with Psychophysics by Participants with Sensory over Responsivity

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 93
Author(s):  
Jihye Ryu ◽  
Tami Bar-Shalita ◽  
Yelena Granovsky ◽  
Irit Weissman-Fogel ◽  
Elizabeth B. Torres
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Summary Statistics ◽  
Physical Pain ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Self Reports ◽  
Theoretical Population ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Reported Data

The study of pain requires a balance between subjective methods that rely on self-reports and complementary objective biometrics that ascertain physical signals associated with subjective accounts. There are at present no objective scales that enable the personalized assessment of pain, as most work involving electrophysiology rely on summary statistics from a priori theoretical population assumptions. Along these lines, recent work has provided evidence of differences in pain sensations between participants with Sensory Over Responsivity (SOR) and controls. While these analyses are useful to understand pain across groups, there remains a need to quantify individual differences more precisely in a personalized manner. Here we offer new methods to characterize pain using the moment-by-moment standardized fluctuations in EEG brain activity centrally reflecting the person’s experiencing temperature-based stimulation at the periphery. This type of gross data is often disregarded as noise, yet here we show its utility to characterize the lingering sensation of discomfort raising to the level of pain, individually, for each participant. We show fundamental differences between the SOR group in relation to controls and provide an objective account of pain congruent with the subjective self-reported data. This offers the potential to build a standardized scale useful to profile pain levels in a personalized manner across the general population.

scholarly journals A Systematic Review Summarizing the State of Evidence on Bullying in Childhood Cancer Patients/Survivors

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daisy E. Collins ◽  
Sarah J. Ellis ◽  
Madeleine M. Janin ◽  
Claire E. Wakefield ◽  
Kay Bussey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Childhood Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
The State ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
School Absence ◽  
Self Reports

Background: One in four school-aged children is bullied. However, the risk may be greater for childhood cancer patients/survivors (diagnosed <18 years), because of symptoms of the disease and treatment that may prejudice peers. While the serious consequences of bullying are well documented in the general population, bullying may have even greater impact in children with cancer due to the myriad of challenges associated with treatment and prolonged school absence. Objective: To summarize the state of evidence on bullying in childhood cancer patients/survivors; specifically, the rate and types of bullying experienced and the associated factors. Method: We searched five electronic databases from inception to February 2018 for original research articles reporting on bullying in childhood cancer patients/survivors. Results: We identified 29 eligible articles, representing 1,078 patients/survivors ( M = 14.35 years). Self-reports from patients/survivors revealed a considerably higher rate of bullying (32.2%) compared with the general population (25%). Our review identified little information on the factors associated with bullying in patients/survivors. However, the bullying described tended to be verbal and was often related to the physical side effects of treatment, indicating that differences in appearance may prejudice peers. It was further suggested that educating the child’s classmates about cancer may prevent bullying. Conclusions: Our findings confirm that bullying is a significant challenge for many childhood cancer patients/survivors. Additional studies are needed to identify factors that may influence the risk of bullying, which will inform the development of evidence-based interventions and guidelines to prevent bullying in childhood cancer patients/survivors.

scholarly journals Gender Differences in Depressive Symptom Profile: Results from Nationwide General Population Surveys in Korea

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (11) ◽  
pp. 1659 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji-Hyun Kim ◽  
Maeng Je Cho ◽  
Jin Pyo Hong ◽  
Jae Nam Bae ◽  
Seong-Jin Cho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Depressive Symptom ◽  
General Population ◽  
Population Surveys ◽  
Symptom Profile

scholarly journals The Case for Non-Binary Gender Questions in Surveys

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 128-135
Author(s):  
Mike Medeiros ◽  
Benjamin Forest ◽  
Patrik Öhberg
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
General Population ◽  
Statistical Difference ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
The United States ◽  
Survey Experiment ◽  
Population Surveys ◽  
Gender Categories ◽  
Binary Gender

ABSTRACTLGBTQ activists and academics advocate the use of non-binary gender categories to include individuals who identify as neither rigidly male nor rigidly female to reflect the increasing number of people who do not place themselves in these two conventional classes. Although some general-population surveys have begun using non-binary gender questions, research has not examined the consequences of using (or not) a question with non-binary gender categories in surveys and censuses. Our study addresses this gap using a survey experiment in which respondents in the United States, Canada, and Sweden randomly received a binary or a non-binary gender question. We find no evidence of negative reactions to the non-binary question. Moreover, when there is a statistical difference, the reactions are positive. We thus conclude that general-population surveys could use a non-binary question without facing significant adverse reactions from respondents.

scholarly journals Case ascertainment of alcohol dependence in general population surveys: ‘gated’ versus ‘ungated’ approaches

2007 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 111-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louisa Degenhardt ◽  
Kipling M. Bohnert ◽  
James C. Anthony
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Alcohol Dependence ◽  
Population Surveys ◽  
Case Ascertainment

Inconsistent retrospective self-reports of childhood sexual abuse and their correlates in the general population

2014 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 603-612 ◽  
Author(s):  
Willemien Langeland ◽  
Jan H. Smit ◽  
Harald Merckelbach ◽  
Gerard de Vries ◽  
Adriaan W. Hoogendoorn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Childhood Sexual Abuse ◽  
General Population ◽  
Self Reports

scholarly journals Experienced Harm from Other People's Drinking: A Comparison of Northern European Countries

2015 ◽  
Vol 9s2 ◽  
pp. SART.S23504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inger Synnøve Moan ◽  
Elisabet E. Storvoll ◽  
Erica Sundin ◽  
Ingunn Olea Lund ◽  
Kim Bloomfield ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Physical Abuse ◽  
Study Design ◽  
Verbal Abuse ◽  
Comparative Data ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Urban Residents ◽  
Population Surveys ◽  
Northern European

Objective This study addresses how experienced harm from other people's drinking varies between six Northern European countries by comparing 1) the prevalence of experienced harm and 2) the correlates of harm. Method The data comprise 18ȓ69-year olds who participated in general population surveys in Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, Sweden, and Scotland during the period 2008–2013. Comparative data were available on five types of harm: physical abuse, damage of clothes/belongings, verbal abuse, being afraid, and being kept awake at night. Results This study shows that harms from other's drinking are commonly experienced in all six countries. Being kept awake at night is the most common harm, while being physically harmed is the least common. The proportions that reported at least one of the five problems were highest in Finland and Iceland and lowest in Norway, but also relatively low in Sweden. Across countries, the level of harm was highest among young, single, urban residents, and for some countries among women and those who frequently drank to intoxication themselves. Conclusions The study revealed large differences in the prevalence of harm in countries with fairly similar drinking cultures. However, the correlates of such experiences were similar across countries. Possible explanations of the findings are discussed, including differences in study design.

Self Reports of Violence. Ex-Mental Patients, Ex-Offenders, and the General Population

Criminology ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 321-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
HENRY J. STEADMAN ◽  
RICHARD B. FELSON
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Mental Patients ◽  
Self Reports
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