Dynamic plant uptake model applied for drip irrigation of an insecticide to pepper fruit plants

Purpose: to develop layout and design schemes for the territorial arrangement of drip irrigated commercial fruit orchards. Materials and methods. When the goal was achieved, the tasks on assessing and choosing the layouts of the garden's plant modules – garden squares, quarters and rows that make up tree-fruit plantations, and the development of irrigation network modules that ensure their drip irrigation were solved. The factual basis of the study was formed by the survey data of wood-fruit orchards and well-known recommendations on the organization of the garden plantings territory. Results. Taking a modular approach to the planning of perennial woody-fruit plantations, implying the arrangement of garden squares, quarters and rows as a basis, the corresponding schemes of the section, irrigation and watering modules ensuring their drip irrigation, were suggested. Taking into account the shapes and sizes of eight-squares garden blocks, two schemes of drip sectional modules were proposed, including a sectional distributor, sprinklers and a system of irrigation pipelines. The irrigation module, which provides watering of the garden quarter, includes an irrigation pipeline and irrigation pipelines fed from it. The watering module provides for irrigation of one row of woody-fruit plants and includes one (for a single-line irrigation module) or two (for a two-line irrigation module) irrigation pipelines with a system of built-in drip micro-outlets, placed taking into account the planting pattern of perennial plants and forming contours or strips of soil moisture in the sub-drip soil space. Conclusions. Rational layout solutions for drip irrigation network modules are proposed, corresponding to garden modules and allowing unifying design solutions for organizing the territory of drip irrigated gardens cultivated according to industrial technologies for planting, maintenance and harvesting operations.

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Applied Injected Air into Subsurface Drip Irrigation: Plant Uptake of Pharmaceuticals and Soil Microbial Communities

Journal of Environmental Engineering ◽

10.1061/(asce)ee.1943-7870.0001655 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 146 (2) ◽

pp. 06019008

Author(s):

Matteo D’Alessio ◽

Lisa M. Durso ◽

Clinton Williams ◽

Christopher A. Olson ◽

Chittaranjan Ray ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Microbial Communities ◽

Drip Irrigation ◽

Plant Uptake ◽

Soil Microbial Communities ◽

Subsurface Drip Irrigation ◽

Soil Microbial ◽

Subsurface Drip

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Modeling the Translocation and Transformation of Chemicals in the Soil‐Plant Continuum: A Dynamic Plant Uptake Module for the HYDRUS Model

Water Resources Research ◽

10.1029/2019wr025432 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 55 (11) ◽

pp. 8967-8989 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Giuseppe Brunetti ◽

Radka Kodešová ◽

Jiří Šimůnek

Keyword(s):

Plant Uptake ◽

Dynamic Plant

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New concepts for dynamic plant uptake models

SAR and QSAR in Environmental Research ◽

10.1080/1062936x.2010.548829 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 22 (1-2) ◽

pp. 191-215 ◽

Cited By ~ 39

Author(s):

A. Rein ◽

C.N. Legind ◽

S. Trapp

Keyword(s):

Plant Uptake ◽

Dynamic Plant ◽

New Concepts

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Production System and Cultivar Effects on the Development of Skin Separation or “Silvering” in Bell Pepper Fruit

HortTechnology ◽

10.21273/horttech03144-16 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 27 (1) ◽

pp. 37-44 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Christian A. Wyenandt ◽

Wesley L. Kline ◽

Daniel L. Ward ◽

Nancy L. Brill

Keyword(s):

Drip Irrigation ◽

Production System ◽

Production Systems ◽

Bell Pepper ◽

Crown Rot ◽

Plastic Mulch ◽

Marketable Yield ◽

Pepper Fruit ◽

Bell Peppers ◽

Black Plastic

From 2006 to 2008, four different production systems and five bell pepper cultivars (Capsicum annuum) with either no resistance (Alliance and Camelot), tolerance (Revolution), or resistance (Paladin and Aristotle) to the crown rot phase of phytophthora blight (Phytophthora capsici) were evaluated for the development of skin separation or “silvering” in fruit at a research facility and four commercial vegetable farms in southern New Jersey. Cultivar, production system, and year, each had a significant effect on the total percentage of fruit with skin separation and marketable yield. The percentage of bell pepper fruit with skin separation was higher in both phytophthora-resistant cultivars compared with the phytophthora-susceptible cultivars across all four production systems. Marketable yield was highest when bell peppers were grown in double rows on raised beds with black plastic mulch and drip irrigation compared with bell peppers grown on single rows on raised beds with black plastic mulch and drip irrigation and bell peppers grown on single rows on raised, bare ground beds with buried drip irrigation. Marketable yields were lowest when bell peppers were grown in single rows on high, ridged beds with overhead irrigation. Results of this study suggest that the development of skin separation or “silvering” in fruit is more closely associated with genotype than type of production system.

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Tolerance of Bell Pepper to Herbicides Applied through a Drip Irrigation System

Weed Technology ◽

10.1614/wt-d-15-00114.1 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 30 (2) ◽

pp. 486-491

Author(s):

Peter J. Dittmar ◽

David W. Monks ◽

Katherine M. Jennings

Keyword(s):

Field Study ◽

Drip Irrigation ◽

Irrigation System ◽

Field Studies ◽

Bell Pepper ◽

Purple Nutsedge ◽

Crop Tolerance ◽

Greenhouse Study ◽

Pepper Fruit ◽

Over The Top

Drip irrigation is installed under polyethylene mulch to supply irrigation and nutrients to vegetables grown in plasticulture. This irrigation system also provides an alternative method for application of herbicides into the plant bed for control of yellow and purple nutsedge. Greenhouse and field studies were conducted to determine bell pepper tolerance to halosulfuron, imazosulfuron, and trifloxysulfuron applied POST (over the top of pepper in greenhouse study, POST-directed in the field study) or soil applied (applied by hand with water in greenhouse study or through drip irrigation in the field study). In greenhouse studies, pepper injury from halosulfuron, imazosulfuron, and trifloxysulfuron applied POST was similar at 14 and 21 d after treatment (DAT; 21 to 35% and 54 to 60%, respectively). Halosulfuron, imazosulfuron, and trifloxysulfuron soil applied in greenhouse studies caused 6 to 8% and 13 to 20% injury to pepper at 14 and 21 DAT, respectively. Pepper injury in greenhouse studies increased as rate of halosulfuron, imazosulfuron, and trifloxysulfuron increased regardless of application method (soil or POST applied). Dry pepper weight at 28 DAT followed an inverse linear response to increasing rates of halosulfuron, imazosulfuron, and trifloxysulfuron. In field studies, bell pepper height among herbicide treatments ranged from 32 to 37 cm at 14 DAT and was not different from the nontreated check (36 cm). Number one grade (7.8 to 14.7 MT ha−1) and fancy grade (2.1 to 2.8 MT ha−1) pepper fruit yield was not different in herbicide-treated pepper compared with yield of pepper in the nontreated check (10.0 to 26.6 MT ha−1, respectively). Based on these studies, pepper has excellent crop tolerance to halosulfuron, imazosulfuron, and trifloxysulfuron applied through drip irrigation or POST-directed but is not tolerant to POST applications.

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On soil and technological conditions impact on the parameters of soil moisture zones formed with drip irrigation of tree-fruit crops

Land Reclamation and Hydraulic Engineering ◽

10.31774/2712-9357-2021-11-3-36-53 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

A. A. Kupriyanov ◽

◽

Ya. E. Udovidchenko ◽

Keyword(s):

Analytical Method ◽

Drip Irrigation ◽

Plant Root ◽

Soil Conditions ◽

Fruit Crops ◽

Tree Fruit ◽

Fruit Plants ◽

Row Space ◽

High Degree ◽

Plant Root Systems

Purpose: development of a graphic-analytical method for assessing the effect of soil conditions on moisture contours size formed during drip irrigation to select the parameters of drip modules for irrigating tree-fruit plants cultivated in garden plantations. Materials and methods: the planned dimensions of moisture contours of sub-drip soil space are taken as indicators for assessing and determining the parameters of irrigation modules for drip irrigation of row planted tree-fruit crops from along-row traced irrigation pipelines. When analyzing the parameters and location of moisture zones, the layout of plants in a garden with a distance between trees in a row equal to 2 m was considered, with a different number of drip emitters on the drip line within the inter-tree area. Results: using the author's dependence, the diameters and areas of moisture contours formed during drip irrigation in southern medium-thick chernozems were determined. For typical schemes for placing drip emitters along a row of traced drip lines that provide soil moistening in the undercrown space of fruit plants, moisture contours formed during drip irrigation are built. The obtained geometric parameters of moisture zones for different patterns of irrigation lines, characterized by different inter-emitters distances and different numbers and locations of drip emitters, are compared with the area of plant nutrition. Based on the results of comparing the areas of moisture zone and the zone of plant root systems distribution, a high degree of locality of the wetted space was noted. Conclusions: the graphic images and quantitative characteristics of drip moisture zones in the undercrown along the row space of plants created using the proposed graphic-analytical method allow assessing the state of its moisture content and making a decision on the parameters and schemes of the irrigation module for certain soil and technological conditions of the garden plantation.

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