scholarly journals On soil and technological conditions impact on the parameters of soil moisture zones formed with drip irrigation of tree-fruit crops

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Kupriyanov ◽  
◽  
Ya. E. Udovidchenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Method ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Plant Root ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Fruit Crops ◽  
Tree Fruit ◽  
Fruit Plants ◽  
Row Space ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Plant Root Systems

Purpose: development of a graphic-analytical method for assessing the effect of soil conditions on moisture contours size formed during drip irrigation to select the parameters of drip modules for irrigating tree-fruit plants cultivated in garden plantations. Materials and methods: the planned dimensions of moisture contours of sub-drip soil space are taken as indicators for assessing and determining the parameters of irrigation modules for drip irrigation of row planted tree-fruit crops from along-row traced irrigation pipelines. When analyzing the parameters and location of moisture zones, the layout of plants in a garden with a distance between trees in a row equal to 2 m was considered, with a different number of drip emitters on the drip line within the inter-tree area. Results: using the author's dependence, the diameters and areas of moisture contours formed during drip irrigation in southern medium-thick chernozems were determined. For typical schemes for placing drip emitters along a row of traced drip lines that provide soil moistening in the undercrown space of fruit plants, moisture contours formed during drip irrigation are built. The obtained geometric parameters of moisture zones for different patterns of irrigation lines, characterized by different inter-emitters distances and different numbers and locations of drip emitters, are compared with the area of plant nutrition. Based on the results of comparing the areas of moisture zone and the zone of plant root systems distribution, a high degree of locality of the wetted space was noted. Conclusions: the graphic images and quantitative characteristics of drip moisture zones in the undercrown along the row space of plants created using the proposed graphic-analytical method allow assessing the state of its moisture content and making a decision on the parameters and schemes of the irrigation module for certain soil and technological conditions of the garden plantation.

scholarly journals LAYOUT SOLUTIONS FOR DRIP IRRIGATION NETWORK MODULES OF IRRIGATED WOOD-FRUIT PLANTS, CULTIVATED IN GARDEN PLANTINGS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. N. Shkura ◽  
◽  
A. S. Shtanko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Modular Approach ◽  
Planting Pattern ◽  
Irrigation Network ◽  
Tree Fruit ◽  
Network Modules ◽  
Fruit Plants ◽  
Fruit Orchards ◽  
Fruit Plantations

Purpose: to develop layout and design schemes for the territorial arrangement of drip irrigated commercial fruit orchards. Materials and methods. When the goal was achieved, the tasks on assessing and choosing the layouts of the garden's plant modules – garden squares, quarters and rows that make up tree-fruit plantations, and the development of irrigation network modules that ensure their drip irrigation were solved. The factual basis of the study was formed by the survey data of wood-fruit orchards and well-known recommendations on the organization of the garden plantings territory. Results. Taking a modular approach to the planning of perennial woody-fruit plantations, implying the arrangement of garden squares, quarters and rows as a basis, the corresponding schemes of the section, irrigation and watering modules ensuring their drip irrigation, were suggested. Taking into account the shapes and sizes of eight-squares garden blocks, two schemes of drip sectional modules were proposed, including a sectional distributor, sprinklers and a system of irrigation pipelines. The irrigation module, which provides watering of the garden quarter, includes an irrigation pipeline and irrigation pipelines fed from it. The watering module provides for irrigation of one row of woody-fruit plants and includes one (for a single-line irrigation module) or two (for a two-line irrigation module) irrigation pipelines with a system of built-in drip micro-outlets, placed taking into account the planting pattern of perennial plants and forming contours or strips of soil moisture in the sub-drip soil space. Conclusions. Rational layout solutions for drip irrigation network modules are proposed, corresponding to garden modules and allowing unifying design solutions for organizing the territory of drip irrigated gardens cultivated according to industrial technologies for planting, maintenance and harvesting operations.

DEFICIT DRIP IRRIGATION MANAGEMENT FOR SUNFLOWER CROP UNDER CLAY SOIL CONDITIONS

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 469-484
Author(s):  
Nora Husein ◽  
Mohamed El-Ansary ◽  
Montaser Awad ◽  
Harby Mostafa
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Clay Soil ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Sunflower Crop

The Degree of Islamic Education Teachers' Commitment for the Teaching Career Ethics from the School Principals' Viewpoint in Jerash Governorate: درجة التزام معلمي التربية الإسلامية بأخلاقيات مهنة التعليم من وجهة نظر مديري المدارس في محافظة جرش

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (28) ◽  
pp. 38-24
Author(s):  
Ahmad Ahmoud Al-Harahsheh Ahmad Ahmoud Al-Harahsheh
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Method ◽  
School Principals ◽  
Islamic Education ◽  
Local Society ◽  
Teaching Career ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Education Experience ◽  
High Degree ◽  
The Relationship

The study aims to recognise "The Degree of Islamic Education Teachers' Commitment for the Teaching Career ethics from the School Principals' Viewpoint in Jerash Governorate. The researcher uses the analytical method. The sample is 80 male and female school principals who are chosen randomly. The questionnaire consists of 54 paragraphs divided into four fields. These fields are the relationship between Islamic Education Teachers and their career (paragraphs 1_14), their relationship with their students (paragraphs 15_30), their relationship with their colleagues (paragraphs 31_44), and the fourth field is the relationship between Islamic Education Teachers and the local society (paragraphs 45_54), The study finds that "The Degree of Islamic Education Teachers' Commitment for the Teaching Career Ethics from the School Principals' Viewpoint in Jerash Governorate" comes generally with high degree. The average of the fields come in the following ascending order: the relationship between Islamic Education Teachers and local society, their career, their students, their colleagues. Also, the results show there are no differences with statistical evidence in their degree of commitment for teaching career ethics according to gender, level of education, experience or the type of university. The study recommends to hold courses and workshops for teachers, school principals and supervisors to enlighten them with the importance of the commitment of teaching career ethics. In addition, it recommends to prepare an ethical charter for new teachers to follow it from the beginning of their work.

Basin Hydrology and Plant Root Systems

1990 ◽  
pp. 243-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
James P. Dobrowolski ◽  
Martyn M. Caldwell ◽  
James H. Richards
Keyword(s):  
Plant Root ◽  
Root Systems ◽  
Basin Hydrology ◽  
Plant Root Systems

Special features of drip-sprinkler irrigation technology

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 841-849 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ye. V. Angold ◽  
V. A. Zharkov
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Water Regime ◽  
Plant Root ◽  
Sprinkler Irrigation ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Yielding Capacity ◽  
Irrigation Technology ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Agricultural Plants ◽  
Plant Root System

Irrigation techniques and technology based on principle of regular accumulation of moisture in active layer (surface irrigation, regular sprinkler irrigation) are most common in science and in practice. More progressive is principle of non-stop water supply of plants and soil in conformity to their water consumption. Drip irrigation and impulse sprinkling are based on this principle. The main advantage of drip irrigation is establishment of optimal water and nutritive regime directly in the plant root system. However, such irrigation is not effective enough under conditions of high air temperatures (over 25–35 °С), as growing process of several agricultural plants is known to slow down at 30–35 °С and photosynthesis, consequently, stops, which, in turn, affects plants yielding capacity. Sprinkling irrigation provides improvement of both microclimate in plant's environment and their water regime. Combination of drip and sprinkling irrigation permits the positive characteristics of each individual technology to be united, and to remove a series of disadvantages of their separate use as well as to use drip-sprinkler irrigation technology to create optimal conditions for plant development. Drip-sprinkler irrigation technology facilitates saving of irrigation water through drip irrigation in the main vegetation period and through improvement of microclimate and water regime of agricultural plants with additional sprinkling irrigation within the period of high temperatures and low air humidity that affects the growing process and increases yielding capacity of grown cultures.

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