Evaluation of key parameters for developing a Metarhizium rileyi ‐based biopesticide against Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in maize: laboratory, greenhouse, and field trials

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcos Faria ◽  
Daniela Aguiar Souza ◽  
Marcio Martinello Sanches ◽  
Francisco Guilherme Vergolino Schmidt ◽  
Charles Martins Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Metarhizium Rileyi ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

Field Efficacy of Metarhizium rileyi Applications Against Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Maize

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suellen Karina Albertoni Barros ◽  
Euziclei Gonzaga de Almeida ◽  
Fátima Teresinha Rampelotti Ferreira ◽  
Marliton Rocha Barreto ◽  
Rogério Biaggioni Lopes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Metarhizium Rileyi ◽  
Field Efficacy ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

Within-host interactions of Metarhizium rileyi strains and nucleopolyhedroviruses in Spodoptera frugiperda and Anticarsia gemmatalis (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

2019 ◽  
Vol 162 ◽  
pp. 10-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marlinda Lobo Souza ◽  
Marcio Martinello Sanches ◽  
Daniela Aguiar de Souza ◽  
Marcos Faria ◽  
Carlos Espinel-Correal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Anticarsia Gemmatalis ◽  
Host Interactions ◽  
Metarhizium Rileyi ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

scholarly journals Efficacy of microencapsulated nucleopolyhedroviruses from Colombia as biological insecticides against Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

2017 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gloria Patricia Barrera Cubillos ◽  
Juliana Andrea Gómez-Valderrama ◽  
Laura Fernanda Villamizar Rivero
Keyword(s):  
Insecticidal Activity ◽  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Fall Armyworm ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Economic Injury Level ◽  
Original Activity ◽  
Economic Injury ◽  
Insect Mortality ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

Wettable powder formulations by microencapsulation of viral occlusion bodies (OBs) of both Spodoptera frugiperda multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus from Colombia (SfCOL) and a genotypic variant (SfCOL-A) were evaluated for controlling the fall armyworm S. frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in maize crops. Microencapsulation preserved OBs activity after three months of storage at 35ºC, where insecticidal activity loss was not greater than 12%. Additionally, the formulation protected the OBs against inactivation caused by UV-B radiation, retaining its insecticidal activity after 6 hours of UV laboratory exposure, in contrast to unformulated viral suspensions, which presented an Original Activity Remaining (OAR) between 12.1 and 50%. Under greenhouse conditions, the insect mortality was greater than 80% with microencapsulated viruses. In field trials, treatments reduced the percentage of damaged plants to levels below the economic injury level (35%) when the formulated and unformulated virus were applied at 8x1011 OBs/ha (800g/ha) dose, while the damage in the control treatment was close to 60%. Microencapsulation of SfCOL and SfCOL-A OBs provides useful advantages related to half-life and photostability.

scholarly journals Susceptibility of Spodoptera frugiperda and Chrysodeixis includens (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) to infections caused by Metarhizium rileyi

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suellen Karina Albertoni Barros ◽  
Rafael Major Pitta ◽  
Rogério Biaggioni Lopes ◽  
Euziclei Gonzaga de Almeida ◽  
Fátima Teresinha Rampelotti Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Conidial Suspension ◽  
Wild Isolate ◽  
Original Host ◽  
Metarhizium Rileyi ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae ◽  
Chrysodeixis Includens ◽  
Selection Of

ABSTRACT Due to the reduced host spectrum of the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium rileyi, its pathogenicity against different target insects must be assessed to develop biopesticides capable of controlling more than one pest species. This study aimed to evaluate the susceptibility of the pest species Chrysodeixis includens and Spodoptera frugiperda to different isolates of M. rileyi and, thus, determine a possible influence of the host of origin on the pathogenic activity of these isolates. Three isolates [CG1312 (C. includens as original host), CG381 (S. frugiperda as original host) and a new wild isolate (C. includens as original host)] were tested against larvae of C. includens and S. frugiperda, in third instar age, by treatment of surfaces with conidial suspension, under laboratory conditions. Both species were susceptible to the isolates of M. rileyi, with mortality rates of 53-58 % for C. includens and 74-84 % for S. frugiperda. The results suggest that the host of origin may not be determinant in the selection of pathogenic isolates of M. rileyi against these two pest insects.

scholarly journals Exigências térmicas e estimativa do número de gerações dos biótipos "milho" e "arroz" de Spodoptera frugiperda

2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 329-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo Rossato Busato ◽  
Anderson Dionei Grützmacher ◽  
Mauro Silveira Garcia ◽  
Fabrizio Pinheiro Giolo ◽  
Moisés João Zotti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da temperatura sobre a biologia dos biótipos "milho" e "arroz" de Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith, 1797) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) e estimar o número de gerações por ano em laboratório e campo. Foram coletadas lagartas de quatro populações de S. frugiperda no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, identificadas eletroforeticamente como os biótipos "milho" e "arroz", em áreas isoladas, distanciadas entre si em mais de 300 km, produtoras de milho e arroz irrigado e em áreas adjacentes, que produzem milho e arroz irrigado lado a lado. A temperatura mais adequada para o desenvolvimento dos dois biótipos foi 25ºC. Em laboratório, podem ser obtidas 11,0 e 11,3 gerações ano-1 do biótipo "milho" proveniente de áreas isoladas e adjacentes, respectivamente. Foram estimadas 12,1 gerações ano-1 do biótipo "arroz" quando proveniente de áreas isoladas e 12,2 gerações ano-1 quando proveniente de áreas adjacentes. Em campo, estimou-se a ocorrência de 8,3 e 6,1 gerações ano-1 do biótipo "milho", respectivamente, em áreas isoladas e áreas adjacentes e 8,4 e 7,0 gerações ano-1 do biótipo "arroz", respectivamente, em áreas isoladas e áreas adjacentes. Em áreas adjacentes, o biótipo "arroz" apresenta uma geração a mais ao longo de um ano em relação ao biótipo "milho".

Developmental stage variation in Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) low temperature tolerance: implications for overwintering

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Onalethata Keosentse ◽  
Reyard Mutamiswa ◽  
Hannalene Du Plessis ◽  
Casper Nyamukondiwa
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Developmental Stage ◽  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Temperature Tolerance ◽  
Low Temperature Tolerance ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

scholarly journals Impact of an Exotic Invasive Pest, Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), on Resident Communities of Pest and Natural Enemies in Maize Fields in Kenya

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1074
Author(s):  
Bonoukpoè Mawuko Sokame ◽  
Boaz Musyoka ◽  
Julius Obonyo ◽  
François Rebaudo ◽  
Elfatih M. Abdel-Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽  
Fall Armyworm ◽  
Invasive Pest ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Insect Communities ◽  
Exotic Invasive Species ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Exotic Invasive ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

The interactions among insect communities influence the composition of pest complexes that attack crops and, in parallel, their natural enemies, which regulate their abundance. The lepidopteran stemborers have been the major maize pests in Kenya. Their population has been regulated by natural enemies, mostly parasitoids, some of which have been used for biological control. It is not known how a new exotic invasive species, such as the fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae), may affect the abundance and parasitism of the resident stemborers. For this reason, pest and parasitism surveys have been conducted, before and after the FAW invaded Kenya, in maize fields in 40 localities across 6 agroecological zones (AEZs) during the maize-growing season, as well as at 3 different plant growth stages (pre-tasseling, reproductive, and senescence stages) in 2 elevations at mid-altitude, where all maize stemborer species used to occur together. Results indicated that the introduction of the FAW significantly correlated with the reduction of the abundance of the resident communities of maize stemborers and parasitoids in maize fields; moreover, the decrease of stemborer density after the arrival of FAW occurred mostly at both reproductive and senescent maize stages. It also suggests a possible displacement of stemborers by FAW elsewhere; for example, to other cereals. However, since this study was conducted only three years after the introduction of the FAW, further studies will need to be conducted to confirm such displacements.

scholarly journals Pathogenicity of Metarhizium rileyi (Farlow) Kepler, S.A. Rehner and Humber isolates against Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) and their extracellular enzymatic activities

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gurmehar Kaur Grewal ◽  
Neelam Joshi ◽  
Yadhu Suneja
Keyword(s):  
Spodoptera Litura ◽  
Larval Mortality ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Metarhizium Rileyi ◽  
Percent Mortality ◽  
Commercially Important ◽  
Extracellular Enzymatic Activities ◽  
Chemical Pesticides ◽  
Lepidoptera Noctuidae

Abstract Background Spodoptera litura (Fab.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is a serious agricultural pest that infests many commercially important crops of Southeast Asian countries. Indiscriminate use of chemical pesticides has led to various health hazards as well as insecticide resistance. Entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) provide an important alternative as biological control agents. Metarhizium rileyi is an EPF with a specific host range for lepidopteran pests. The present study aimed to identify virulent M. rileyi isolate against S. litura larvae and analyse their extracellular cuticle-degrading enzyme activities. Results Three M. rileyi isolates viz M. rileyi NIPHM, M. rileyi MTCC 4254 and M. rileyi MTCC 10395 formulations were evaluated at different concentrations against 2nd instar larvae of S. litura. A maximum percent mortality of 63.33% was recorded in M. rileyi NIPHM (12 g/l), followed by M. rileyi MTCC 4254 (58.33%) at the same concentration, 10 days post-treatment. Maximum means of chitinase, protease and lipase activities (0.44, 1.58 and 2.95 U/ml, respectively) were recorded in the case of M. rileyi NIPHM. Correlation analysis was positive between enzyme activity and larval mortality. Conclusions Metarhizium rileyi NIPHM recorded the highest enzymatic activity and exhibited the maximum mortality rate against 2nd instar larvae of S. litura, suggesting the possible role of these enzymes in the pathogenicity of the fungus. Further knowledge in this regard may help in the development of enzyme-based screening methods for selecting virulent fungal isolates for the eco-friendly management of crop pests.

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