Influence of nuchal translucency screening on anxiety and depression levels in pregnancy and puerperium

Pregnancy is not considered as a pathological state, however pregnancy heightens the vulnerability to emotional and psychological condition such as anxiety and depression. Untreated depression and anxiety during pregnancy may have negative effects on both the mother and the fetus. The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence and associated risk factors of anxiety and depression during pregnancy. Cross sectional descriptive study using systematic sampling technique was used to collect data among 297 pregnant women attending antenatal clinic in Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire, Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI 6.0). About one-third of the respondents were in the age group 20- 25 years. The prevalence of anxiety and depression during pregnancy were found to be 23.2% and 26.6% respectively. Risk factors that were significantly associated with anxiety during pregnancy were co-morbid depression during pregnancy (P=0.01), and partner abuse (P=0.04), with 37.5% anxious among those abused compared to 21.5% among those not abused. Risk factors associated with depression during pregnancy were co-existing medical condition (P=0.04) with 45.7% of respondents with coexisting medical condition found to be depressed compared to 24.0% without co-existing medical condition. Anxiety and depression in pregnancy were found to be prevalent among the study subjects. Measures to detect anxiety and depression during pregnancy especially in those with risk factors should be introduced during routine antenatal care.

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Support from the Start: effective programmes in pregnancy

Journal of Children s Services ◽

10.1108/17466661211213634 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 8-17 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Vivette Glover ◽

Carole Sutton

Keyword(s):

Health Professionals ◽

Design Methodology ◽

Emotional State ◽

Antisocial Behaviour ◽

Anxiety And Depression ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Content Type ◽

Nurse Family Partnership ◽

In Pregnancy

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to update the evidence for the long‐term effects of the fetal environment on the later antisocial behaviour of the child, and possible interventions.Design/methodology/approachThe authors present a literature review of recent research on the topic.FindingsRecent research confirms and extends previous conclusions. The emotional state, alcohol use, smoking and drug consumption of the mother during pregnancy all increase the risk of the child developing antisocial behaviour. Prenatal anxiety may contribute 10‐15 per cent of the attributable load to behavioural outcomes. The Nurse Family Partnership programme remains the only intervention to start in pregnancy and show a long‐term reduction in the child's antisocial behaviour. However, several other interventions are likely to be helpful.Originality/valueStress, anxiety and depression during pregnancy are frequently undetected by health professionals and left untreated. Programmes to help with this, together with the reduction of smoking and alcohol consumption, should help reduce later criminal behaviour.

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The diagnosis of structural fetal abnormalities in the first trimester

Fetal and Maternal Medicine Review ◽

10.1017/s096553950200044x ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 277-291

Author(s):

Charlotte EC Kingman ◽

Demetrios L Economides

Keyword(s):

Screening Test ◽

Trisomy 21 ◽

Working Party ◽

First Trimester ◽

Nuchal Translucency ◽

Ultrasound Scan ◽

Fetal Abnormalities ◽

Structural Abnormalities ◽

First Trimester Scan ◽

In Pregnancy

With the advent of nuchal translucency as a screening test for trisomy 21, increasing numbers of women are having an ultrasound scan between 11 and 14 weeks. The RCOG Working Party (July 2000) recommendations for ultrasound in pregnancy do not mention a first trimester scan for nuchal translucency or fetal anatomy. However, this scan is not just an opportunity to perform nuchal translucency; many structural abnormalities can also be seen at this stage.

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Psychological adversity in pregnancy: what works to improve outcomes?

Journal of Children s Services ◽

10.1108/jcs-01-2014-0003 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 96-108 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Vivette Glover ◽

Jane Barlow

Keyword(s):

Pregnant Women ◽

Prenatal Stress ◽

Risk Groups ◽

Anxiety And Depression ◽

Content Type ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Social Adversity ◽

Long Term Impact ◽

The Impact ◽

In Pregnancy

Purpose – Foetal programming is one of the key mechanisms by which physical and social adversity is biologically embedded during pregnancy. While early interest in such programming focused on the long-term impact of the mother's nutritional state on the child's later physical health, more recent research has identified an increased risk of psychopathology in children of women who have experienced stress, anxiety and depression during pregnancy. The purpose of this paper is to examine the literature addressing the impact of stress in pregnancy and the implications for practice. Design/methodology/approach – An overview of the literature has been provided. Findings – Both anxiety and depression in pregnancy are common, with a prevalence in the region of 20 per cent. Exposure in pregnancy to anxiety, depression and stress from a range of sources (e.g. bereavement, relationship problems, external disasters and war), is associated with a range of physical (e.g. congenital malformations, reduced birthweight and gestational age), neurodevelopmental, cognitive, and emotional and behavioural (e.g. ADHD, conduct disorder) problems. The magnitude is significant, with the attributable risk of childhood behaviour problems due to prenatal stress being between 10 and 15 per cent, and the variance in cognitive development due to prenatal stress being around 17 per cent. A range of methods of intervening are effective in improving both maternal anxiety and depression, and in the longer term should improve outcomes for the infant and child. Research limitations/implications – This research highlights the importance of intervening to support the psychological wellbeing of pregnant women to improve outcomes for infants and children, and points to the need for further research into innovative ways of working, particularly with high-risk groups of pregnant women. Originality/value – The paper provides an update of earlier overviews.

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Invasive genetic testing in pregnancy: experience from a tertiary care center

International Journal of Reproduction Contraception Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20211525 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (5) ◽

pp. 1991

Author(s):

Gunjan Rai ◽

Sudhirman Singh ◽

Bikram Bhardwaj

Keyword(s):

High Risk ◽

Single Gene ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

First Trimester ◽

Nuchal Translucency ◽

Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Number Of Patients ◽

Thalassemia Minor ◽

In Pregnancy

Background: Evaluation of outcome of pregnancies with high risk first trimester screening or abnormal ultrasonographic findings and complications of amniocentesis in second trimester and chorionic villous sampling in first trimester in a tertiary care hospital in India.Methods: This is a retrospective study in a tertiary care hospital from 2015 to 2017. All antenatal patients underwent combined nuchal translucency scan and dual screen ratio and who detected to have high risk for trisomy, they underwent amniocentesis/CVS. These procedures were done at minor OT in our hospital, taking aseptic precaution and under ultrasound guidance. First trimester combined screening included a detail nuchal translucency scan as per the international society of ultrasound in obstetrics and gynecology (ISUOG) guidelines and also biochemical screening done with serum beta human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG) and pregnancy-associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A) in same genetic lab. Combined risk scoring done as high risk or low risk. Low risk patients without any genetic abnormality in previous obstetric history were followed as normal pregnancy. Results, complications and outcome of invasive genetic testing in pregnancy was observed. At our center CVS was done mostly for single gene disorder.Results: Out of 179 patients who underwent amniocentesis, total abnormal chromosomal were 14 (7.82%). The most common abnormality was trisomy 21 (4.46%). The other abnormalities were trisomy 18 (1.67%), trisomy 13 (1.11%) and triploidy XXY (0.55%). CVS was done for Nieman Pick disease, androgen insensitivity syndrome, both parents thalassemia minor and ultrasound abnormality detected early in pregnancy. For single gene disorder mutation identified in index case or in parents and same mutation looked in to fetus by chorionic villus sampling (CVS). For Nieman Pick disease, androgen insensitivity syndrome and both parent thalassemia minor, fetus detected to have heterozygous for same and nonpathogenic. Two patients underwent CVS for ultrasound abnormality out of which one detected to have trisomy 18 and other had loss of 2.1 Mb on Ch 22 in 22q11.21 region.Conclusions: Combined first trimester screening with nuchal translucency scan and dual screen ratio is an efficient method of screening with high sensitivity and low false positive rates. In our study prevalence of trisomy is slightly greater than other studies because number of patients were less and if we increase the number of patients probably we will have a prevalence data of trisomy similar to other studies which has been done for aneuploidy in fetus.

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