Effects of Insulin on Free Amino Acids in Plasma and the Role of the Amino Acid Metabolism in the Etiology of Diabetic Microangiopathy

1993 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 375-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.L. Rosenlund
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Amino Acid Metabolism ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Diabetic Microangiopathy

Biochemische Aspekte des Aminosäuren-Stoffwechsels bei Psoriasis vulgaris / Biochemical Aspects of Amino Acid Metabolism in Psoriasis vulgaris

1973 ◽  
Vol 28 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 449-451 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Peter ◽  
H. Angst ◽  
U. Koch
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Amino Acid Metabolism ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Psoriasis Vulgaris ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Pathological Process

Free and protein-bound amino acids in serum and scales were investigated. In serum the bound amino acids of psoriatics are significantly higher with exception of Pro, Met, Tyr and Phe in contrast to normal subjects. For free amino acids the differences between normal subjects and psoriatics found in serum and scales are not significant. Results are discussed in relation to the single amino acids and the biochemical correlations are outlined which takes the pathological process as a basis.

scholarly journals Enzymatic Reaction-Related Protein Degradation and Proteinaceous Amino Acid Metabolism during the Black Tea (Camellia sinensis) Manufacturing Process

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiyong Chen ◽  
Lanting Zeng ◽  
Yinyin Liao ◽  
Jianlong Li ◽  
Bo Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Protein Degradation ◽  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Amino Acid Metabolism ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Black Tea

Amino acids contribute to the nutritional value and quality of black tea. Fermentation is the most important stage of the black tea manufacturing process. In this study, we investigated protein degradation and proteinaceous amino acid metabolism associated with enzymatic reactions during fermentation in the black tea manufacturing process. The results showed that the concentrations of both protein and free amino acids decreased during fermentation. We also confirmed that proteins were broken down into free amino acids by artificially synthesized dipeptide benzyloxycarbonyl glutamyl-tyrosine (Z-Glu-Tyr). Metabolites of the amino acid metabolic pathway increased significantly during fermentation. Furthermore, we confirmed that free amino acids were degraded to volatile compounds in a tracer experiment with the isotope precursor. These results provide information that will help black tea manufacturers improve the quality of black tea.

Role of Leucine in Protein Metabolism During Exercise and Recovery

2002 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 646-662 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald K. Layman
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Amino Acids ◽  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Metabolism ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Branched Chain Amino Acids ◽  
New Findings ◽  
Branched Chain

Exercise produces changes in protein and amino acid metabolism. These changes include degradation of the branched-chain amino acids, production of alanine and glutamine, and changes in protein turnover. One of the amino acid most affected by exercise is the branched-chain amino acid leucine. Recently, there has been an increased understanding of the role of leucine in metabolic regulations and remarkable new findings about the role of leucine in intracellular signaling. Leucine appears to exert a synergistic role with insulin as a regulatory factor in the insulin/phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3-K) signal cascade. Insulin serves to activate the signal pathway, while leucine is essential to enhance or amplify the signal for protein synthesis at the level of peptide initiation. Studies feeding amino acids or leucine soon after exercise suggest that post-exercise consumption of amino acids stimulates recovery of muscle protein synthesis via translation regulations. This review focuses on the unique roles of leucine in amino acid metabolism in skeletal muscle during and after exercise. Key words: branched-chain amino acids, insulin, protein synthesis, skeletal muscle

scholarly journals Gender differences of amino acid metabolism in Drosophila melanogaster on alpha-ketoglutarate-supplemented food

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Lylyk ◽  
O. Sorochynska ◽  
O. Maniukh ◽  
M. Bayliak
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Amino Acid Metabolism ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Urea Content ◽  
Old Females

The influence of alpha-ketoglutarate (AKG) on amino acid metabolism in the fruit fly was investigated. Dietary AKG did not affect body mass, urea content, activity of glutamate dehydrogenase, alanin- and aspartataminotransferase in two-day-old flies. Ttwo-day-old females, but not males, grown on 10 mM AKG, had higher levels of total protein and free amino acids. However, AKG led to an increase in total protein in 24-day-old flies of both sexes. Maintenance on AKG-containing medium reduced overall fecundity of flies.

scholarly journals Exchange (uptake and synthesis) of amino acids in the digestive tract of cattle when used in diet different ingredient composition of the feed

2019 ◽  
pp. 54-57
Author(s):  
Sviatoslav Valerievich Lebedev ◽  
Elmira Zakievna Gubaidulina ◽  
Elena Vladimirovna Sheida ◽  
Victoria Vladimirovna Grechkina
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Amino Acid Metabolism ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Sunflower Meal ◽  
Basic Amino Acids ◽  
Ingredient Composition

Materials characterizing the role of digestive tract in amino acid metabolism are obtained based on studies assessing the effect of diets with various sources of protein (fish meal, sunflower meal). A number of metabolic regularities (synthesis and assimilation) of amino acids in the digestive tract of an animal follow from the data obtained by us. Сhyme inflowing from the stomach into intestine, contains 1.5-2 times more amino acids, compared with the number of them in the diet. Consequently, the same amount of basic amino acids can be synthesized in the process of digestion of ruminants. Most of amino acids from chyme is digested in the intestine. The actual amount of amino acids digested and included in the metabolism of animal was significantly higher than their content in the eaten dietand reached 108.1 - 148.9% of that received with the diet.

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