scholarly journals Gender differences of amino acid metabolism in Drosophila melanogaster on alpha-ketoglutarate-supplemented food

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Lylyk ◽  
O. Sorochynska ◽  
O. Maniukh ◽  
M. Bayliak
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Amino Acid Metabolism ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Urea Content ◽  
Old Females

The influence of alpha-ketoglutarate (AKG) on amino acid metabolism in the fruit fly was investigated. Dietary AKG did not affect body mass, urea content, activity of glutamate dehydrogenase, alanin- and aspartataminotransferase in two-day-old flies. Ttwo-day-old females, but not males, grown on 10 mM AKG, had higher levels of total protein and free amino acids. However, AKG led to an increase in total protein in 24-day-old flies of both sexes. Maintenance on AKG-containing medium reduced overall fecundity of flies.

Biochemische Aspekte des Aminosäuren-Stoffwechsels bei Psoriasis vulgaris / Biochemical Aspects of Amino Acid Metabolism in Psoriasis vulgaris

1973 ◽  
Vol 28 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 449-451 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Peter ◽  
H. Angst ◽  
U. Koch
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Amino Acid Metabolism ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Psoriasis Vulgaris ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Pathological Process

Free and protein-bound amino acids in serum and scales were investigated. In serum the bound amino acids of psoriatics are significantly higher with exception of Pro, Met, Tyr and Phe in contrast to normal subjects. For free amino acids the differences between normal subjects and psoriatics found in serum and scales are not significant. Results are discussed in relation to the single amino acids and the biochemical correlations are outlined which takes the pathological process as a basis.

scholarly journals Enzymatic Reaction-Related Protein Degradation and Proteinaceous Amino Acid Metabolism during the Black Tea (Camellia sinensis) Manufacturing Process

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiyong Chen ◽  
Lanting Zeng ◽  
Yinyin Liao ◽  
Jianlong Li ◽  
Bo Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Protein Degradation ◽  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Amino Acid Metabolism ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Black Tea

Amino acids contribute to the nutritional value and quality of black tea. Fermentation is the most important stage of the black tea manufacturing process. In this study, we investigated protein degradation and proteinaceous amino acid metabolism associated with enzymatic reactions during fermentation in the black tea manufacturing process. The results showed that the concentrations of both protein and free amino acids decreased during fermentation. We also confirmed that proteins were broken down into free amino acids by artificially synthesized dipeptide benzyloxycarbonyl glutamyl-tyrosine (Z-Glu-Tyr). Metabolites of the amino acid metabolic pathway increased significantly during fermentation. Furthermore, we confirmed that free amino acids were degraded to volatile compounds in a tracer experiment with the isotope precursor. These results provide information that will help black tea manufacturers improve the quality of black tea.

scholarly journals The Diverse Functions of Non-Essential Amino Acids in Cancer

Cancers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 675 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo-Hyun Choi ◽  
Jonathan L. Coloff
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Essential Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Metabolism ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Redox Status ◽  
Antioxidant Systems

Far beyond simply being 11 of the 20 amino acids needed for protein synthesis, non-essential amino acids play numerous important roles in tumor metabolism. These diverse functions include providing precursors for the biosynthesis of macromolecules, controlling redox status and antioxidant systems, and serving as substrates for post-translational and epigenetic modifications. This functional diversity has sparked great interest in targeting non-essential amino acid metabolism for cancer therapy and has motivated the development of several therapies that are either already used in the clinic or are currently in clinical trials. In this review, we will discuss the important roles that each of the 11 non-essential amino acids play in cancer, how their metabolic pathways are linked, and how researchers are working to overcome the unique challenges of targeting non-essential amino acid metabolism for cancer therapy.

scholarly journals Amino Acid Composition of Milk from Cow, Sheep and Goat Raised in Ailano and Valle Agricola, Two Localities of ‘Alto Casertano’ (Campania Region)

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 2431
Author(s):  
Nicola Landi ◽  
Sara Ragucci ◽  
Antimo Di Maro
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Glutamic Acid ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Total Amino Acid ◽  
Total Protein Content ◽  
Campania Region

Cow, sheep and goat raw milk raised in Ailano and Valle Agricola territories (‘Alto Casertano’, Italy) were characterized (raw proteins, free and total amino acids content) to assess milk quality. Raw milk with the highest total protein content is sheep milk followed by goat and cow milk from both localities. Total amino acid content in cow, goat and sheep raw milk is 4.58, 4.81 and 6.62 g per 100 g, respectively, in which the most abundant amino acid is glutamic acid (~20.36 g per 100 g of proteins). Vice versa, the free amino acids content characteristic profiles are different for each species. In particular, the most abundant free amino acid in cow, sheep and goat raw milk is glutamic acid (9.07 mg per 100 g), tyrosine (4.72 mg per 100 g) and glycine (4.54 mg per 100 g), respectively. In addition, goat raw milk is a source of taurine (14.92 mg per 100 g), retrieved in low amount in cow (1.38 mg per 100 g) and sheep (2.10 mg per 100 g) raw milk. Overall, raw milk from ‘Alto Casertano’ show a high total protein content and are a good source of essential amino acids.

IDIOPATHIC HYPERGLYCINEMIA: A NEW DISORDER OF AMINO ACID METABOLISM

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1961 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 539-550 ◽  
Author(s):  
William L. Nyhan ◽  
Margaret Borden ◽  
Barton Childs
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Oral Administration ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Amino Acid Metabolism ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Acute Illness ◽  
Progressive Decrease

The amino acids of blood and urine have been investigated using chromatography on cation exchange columns in the study of a patient with idiopathic hyperglycinemia. Marked increases in concentrations of glycine, serine, alanine, isoleucine and valine were found in the plasma. These changes were not reflected in increased excretion of these amino acids in the urine (with the exception of glycine). Restriction of the dietary intake of protein resulted in a decrease in the concentrations of glycine and other amino acids in the blood and urine, and there was a concomitant decrease in the frequency and severity of episodes of acute illness. The oral administration of leucine was found to induce a decrease in the levels of a number of amino acids in the patient and in controls. Continued decrease during the 3 hours of observation was noted for serine, isoleucine and valine. A mild but progressive decrease in threonine concentration was observed in the controls, while in the patient the concentration increased after the administration of leucine. Decreased levels at 1½ hours, returning toward the fasting levels at 3 hours, were observed for alanine, taurine and glycine. These apparently normal responses to leucine loads were not mediated through increase in the urinary excretion of the amino acids involved, and the data are interpreted to indicate entry of these amino acids into cells.

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