scholarly journals Comets: Potential Sources of Prebiotic Molecules for the Early Earth

2005 ◽  
pp. 289-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Didier Despois ◽  
Hervé Cottin
Keyword(s):  
Early Earth ◽  
Potential Sources ◽  
Prebiotic Molecules

scholarly journals Solvated-electron production using cyanocuprates is compatible with the UV-environment on a Hadean–Archaean Earth

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (9) ◽  
pp. 1121-1124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoe R. Todd ◽  
Albert C. Fahrenbach ◽  
Christopher J. Magnani ◽  
Sukrit Ranjan ◽  
Anders Björkbom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Earth ◽  
Solvated Electron ◽  
Electron Production ◽  
Prebiotic Molecules

Simple sugars necessary for the synthesis of prebiotic molecules can be generated from UV-driven cyanocuprate photoprocessing under conditions consistent with those expected on the surface of the early Earth.

Were micrometeorites a source of prebiotic molecules on the early Earth?

1995 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 113-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Maurette ◽  
A Brack ◽  
G Kurat ◽  
M Perreau ◽  
C Engrand
Keyword(s):  
Early Earth ◽  
Prebiotic Molecules

scholarly journals Meteor Storms as a Window on the Delivery of Extraterrestrial Organic Matter to the Early Earth

2004 ◽  
Vol 213 ◽  
pp. 281-288
Author(s):  
P. Jenniskens
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Origin Of Life ◽  
Prebiotic Chemistry ◽  
Early Earth ◽  
Rarefied Flow ◽  
Physical Conditions ◽  
Prebiotic Molecules ◽  
The Origin Of Life ◽  
Recent Insight

The unique rarefied flow and flash heating in meteors creates physical conditions that can change exogenous organic matter into unique prebiotic molecules. with the exception of rare giant comet impacts, most infalling matter at the time of the origin of life was deposited in the atmosphere during the meteor phase. Much new data has been obtained from observations in the Leonid Multi-Instrument Aircraft Campaign; a series of NASA and USAF sponsored Astrobiology missions that explored the 1998–2002 Leonid meteor storms. Here, we provide an overview of some of this recent insight, which provides a framework in which the prebiotic chemistry can be studied.

scholarly journals The Role of Glycerol and Its Derivatives in the Biochemistry of Living Organisms, and Their Prebiotic Origin and Significance in the Evolution of Life

Catalysts ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 86
Author(s):  
Maheen Gull ◽  
Matthew A. Pasek
Keyword(s):  
Prebiotic Synthesis ◽  
Early Earth ◽  
Origin And Evolution ◽  
Evolution Of Life ◽  
Prebiotic Molecules ◽  
Prebiotic Syntheses ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Glycerol Nucleic Acid ◽  
Synthesis Reactions

The emergence and evolution of prebiotic biomolecules on the early Earth remain a question that is considered crucial to understanding the chemistry of the origin of life. Amongst prebiotic molecules, glycerol is significant due to its ubiquity in biochemistry. In this review, we discuss the significance of glycerol and its various derivatives in biochemistry, their plausible roles in the origin and evolution of early cell membranes, and significance in the biochemistry of extremophiles, followed by their prebiotic origin on the early Earth and associated catalytic processes that led to the origin of these compounds. We also discuss various scenarios for the prebiotic syntheses of glycerol and its derivates and evaluate these to determine their relevance to early Earth biochemistry and geochemistry, and recapitulate the utilization of various minerals (including clays), condensation agents, and solvents that could have led to the successful prebiotic genesis of these biomolecules. Furthermore, important prebiotic events such as meteoritic delivery and prebiotic synthesis reactions under astrophysical conditions are also discussed. Finally, we have also highlighted some novel features of glycerol, including glycerol nucleic acid (GNA), in the origin and evolution of the life.

Making vinegar on the early earth

Nature ◽  
2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip Ball
Keyword(s):  
Early Earth

Australasian Huperzia as potential sources of Huperzine A and B

Planta Medica ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 75 (09) ◽  
Author(s):  
WH Lim ◽  
JQG Goodger ◽  
AR Field ◽  
JAM Holtum ◽  
IE Woodrow
Keyword(s):  
Huperzine A ◽  
Potential Sources

PHENOLIC METABOLITES OF DL-NORGESTREL: A METHOD FOR THE REMOVAL OF 1-HYDROXYLATED METABOLITES, POTENTIAL SOURCES OF PHENOLIC ARTIFACTS

1974 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 789-800 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel F. Sisenwine ◽  
Ann L. Liu ◽  
Hazel B. Kimmel ◽  
Hans W. Ruelius
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Metabolites ◽  
Ion Exchange Resin ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Phenolic Metabolites ◽  
Hydroxylated Metabolites ◽  
Analytical Work ◽  
Potential Sources ◽  
Alkaline Conditions ◽  
Artifact Formation ◽  
Work Up

ABSTRACT The identification of 1β-hydroxynorgestrel among the urinary metabolites of dl-norgestrel and the facile transformation of this compound under mild alkaline conditions to a potentially oestrogenic phenol provide an experimental basis for the conclusion advanced by others that the oestrogens present in the urine of subjects treated with synthetic progestens are artifacts formed during analytical work-up. A method has been devised which eliminates 1-hydroxylated metabolites as potential sources of phenolic artifacts. This method is based on the reduction by NaBH4 of the 1-hydroxy-4-en-3-one grouping in the A ring thereby excluding the possibility of aromatization during later fractionation on a basic ion exchange resin that separates neutral from phenolic metabolites. In the urines of women treated with 14C-dl-nogestrel, only 0.17–0.27% of the dose is found to have phenolic properties when this method is used. Two of the phenolic metabolites, 18-homoethynyloestradiol and 16β-hydroxy-18-homoethynyloestradiol, are present in amounts smaller than 0.01 % of the dose. Without the reduction steps the percentages are noticeably higher, indicating artifact formation under alkaline conditions. Similar results were obtained with urines from African Green Monkeys (Cercopithecus Aethiops) that had been dosed with 14C-dl-norgestrel. Radiolabelled 18-homoethynyloestradiol and 16β-hydroxy-18-homoethynyloestradiol were isolated from monkey urine and their identity confirmed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.

The Improvement of Paclitaxel Cytotoxicity using Nanocellulose based Nature Resources

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
R Nahrowi ◽  
A Setiawan ◽  
Noviany Noviany ◽  
I Sukmana ◽  
S D Yuwono
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Drug Release ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Cell Viability ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Drug Delivery System ◽  
Target Cell ◽  
Mitotic Cycle ◽  
Potential Sources ◽  
Local Accumulation

Paclitaxel is one of the cancer drugs that often used. These drug kills cancer cells byinhibiting mitotic cycle. The efficiency of paclitaxel is increased by the use ofnanomaterials as a carrier of paclitaxel. Nanomaterials can enhance encapsulationefficiency, improve the drug release to the target cell following nanomaterialdegradation, and improve local accumulation of drug in the cell through endocytosisreceptor. Nanomaterial that often used forencapsulation of paclitaxel is a polymerderived from natural resources such as cellulose. The advantages of cellulose as acarrier of paclitaxel are nontoxic, biodegradable, and very abundant from varioussources. One of the potential sources of cellulose for drug delivery system is cassavabaggase.Keywords: Paclitaxel, encapsulation, cell viability, nanocellulose

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