X-Ray Excited Fluorescent Materials for Medical Application

2019 ◽  
pp. 125-148
Author(s):  
Don Vernekohl ◽  
Lei Xing
Keyword(s):  
Medical Application ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Fluorescent Materials

scholarly journals ELIMED: MEDICAL APPLICATION AT ELI-BEAMLINES. STATUS OF THE COLLABORATION AND FIRST RESULTS

2014 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 285-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Schillaci ◽  
Giuseppe A. P. Cirrone ◽  
George Korn ◽  
Mario Maggiore ◽  
Daniele Margarone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Task Force ◽  
Medical Application ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Repetition Rate ◽  
High Brightness ◽  
X Ray ◽  
First Results ◽  
Laser Facility ◽  
Beam Handling ◽  
Scientific Results

ELI-Beamlines is one of the four pillars of the ELI (Extreme Light Infrastructure) pan-European project. It will be an ultrahigh-intensity, high repetition-rate, femtosecond laser facility whose main goal is to generate and apply high-brightness X-ray sources and accelerated charged particles. In particular, medical applications are treated by the ELIMED task force, which has been launched by collaboration between ELI and INFN researchers. ELIMED aims to demonstrate the clinical applicability of laser accelerated ions. In this article, the state of the ELIMED project and the first scientific results are reported. The design and realisation of a preliminary beam handling system and of an advanced spectrometer for diagnostics of high energy (multi-MeV) laser-accelerated ion beams will also be briefly presented.

SU-FF-T-401: The Beam Performance and Dose Distribution of a Needle-Based Miniature X-Ray Generating System for Medical Application

2007 ◽  
Vol 34 (6Part14) ◽  
pp. 2494-2494
Author(s):  
Y Liu ◽  
S Li ◽  
B Movsas ◽  
E Sozontov ◽  
G Gutman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dose Distribution ◽  
Medical Application ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Generating System

Phase Transformation in Ti-Ni-Ta Shape Memory Alloy

2007 ◽  
Vol 130 ◽  
pp. 147-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zdzisław Lekston ◽  
Tomasz Goryczka
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transformation ◽  
Martensitic Transformation ◽  
Shape Memory Alloy ◽  
Shape Memory ◽  
Medical Application ◽  
Precipitation Process ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Martensitic Transformation Temperature ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Solution Treated

A new Ti50Ni48.7Ta1.3 shape memory alloy was designed for medical application. In order to influence the martensitic transformation temperature the alloy was solution treated and additionally aged at 400oC for various time. Phase transformation was studied applying differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) and X-ray diffraction techniques. The ageing causes that the martensitic transformation occurs in two steps: B2↔R↔B19’ during cooling and heating. During cooling the transformations: B2→R and R→B19’ are well separated whereas on heating they are overlapped. Also ageing causes a shift of temperatures of the martensitic transformation into the higher region. It is due to the precipitation process. Precipitates of the Ni4Ti3 phase were observed. Applied thermal treatment leads to shift of the transformation temperatures below temperature of a human body. This makes the Ti-Ni-Ta alloy attractive for application in medicine.

scholarly journals Effect of Film Formation Method and Annealing on Morphology and Crystal Structure of Poly(L-Lactic Acid) Films

2014 ◽  
Vol 136 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shan-Ting Hsu ◽  
Y. Lawrence Yao
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Spin Coating ◽  
Film Formation ◽  
Medical Application ◽  
Solvent Casting ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Formation Method ◽  
Distinct Features

The poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) has potential medical usage such as drug delivery since it can degrade into bioabsorbable products in physiological environments, while the degradation is affected by its crystallites. In this paper, the effects of film formation method and annealing on the crystallites formed in PLLA films are investigated. The films are made through solvent casting and spin coating, and subsequent annealing is conducted. The resulting morphology, molecular order, conformation, and intermolecular interaction are examined using optical microscopy, wide-angle X-ray diffraction, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. It is observed that solvent casting produces category 1 spherulites while annealing the spin coated films leads to spherulites of category 2. The crystal structure of the two kinds of films also shows distinct features. The results enable better understanding of the crystallites in PLLA, which is essential for its medical application.

scholarly journals Acquisition of Quasi-Monochromatic Dual-Energy in a Microfocus X-ray Generator and Development of Applied Technology

Diagnostics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Hiroaki Hasegawa ◽  
Masanori Sato
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Medical Application ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Tube Voltage ◽  
Bone Material ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Filter Thickness

In regenerative medicine, evaluation of bone mineral density using a microfocus X-ray generator could eventually be used to determine the degree of bone tissue regeneration. To evaluate bone mineral density against regenerated bone material, two low-energy X-rays are necessary. Herein, the acquisition of quasi-monochromatic, dual-energy soft X-ray and the subsequent medical application were examined using the K-absorption edges of two types of metal filters (i.e., zirconium and tin) in a microfocus X-ray generator. Investigation of the optimal tube voltage and filter thickness to form a quasi-monochromatic energy spectrum with a single filter revealed that a filter thickness of 0.3 mm results in an optimal monochromatization state. When a dual filter was used, the required filter thickness was 0.3 mm for tin and 0.2 mm for zirconium at a tube voltage of 35 kV. For the medical application, we measured quasi-monochromatic, dual-energy X-rays to evaluate the measurement accuracy of bone mineral density. Using aluminum as a simulated bone sample, a relative error of ≤5% was consistent within the aluminum thickness range of 1–3 mm. These data suggest that a bone mineral density indicator of recycled bone material can be easily obtained with the quasi-monochromatic X-ray technique using a microfocus X-ray generator.

Development of a tiny X-ray source controlled by laser light for medical application

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikio Takai ◽  
Kosuke Nakahama ◽  
Eiichi Kaga ◽  
Toshiya Kisa ◽  
Satoshi Abo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laser Light ◽  
Medical Application ◽  
X Ray

scholarly journals NITROGEN-DOPED TITANIUM DIOXIDE NANOFILMS FOR MEDICAL APPLICATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 54-59
Author(s):  
Elena L. Boytsova ◽  
Lilia A. Leonova ◽  
Alla A. Pustovalova
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Surface Morphology ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Biological Fluids ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Atomic Emission ◽  
Medical Application ◽  
Rutile Phase ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
X Ray

 The results of study of nitrogen-containing titanium dioxide nanofilms (N-TiO2) are presented in this work. These nanofilms are used in biomedicine as a biocoating of the implants that is why the problem of increasing resistance is very essential. Biocoatings were deposited by reactive magnetron sputtering at different bias voltages Ub = 0-100 V. Doping of the oxide film with nitrogen, with technological replacement of oxygen by nitrogen atoms, changes the material properties: antithrombogenic qualities appear and hemocompatibility rates increase. The corrosion resistance rates of the film are also increased. The biocoatings are partially dissolved, when interacting with biological fluids, with a further release/formation of compounds with an N-O bond, which are essential for human activity. X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to study the phase transition and crystallinity of nanofilms. The rutile phase dominates (68%) when a negative bias in these films was used. The volume of the fraction increases permanently with increasing of nitrogen content in the composition of the reactive gas, while the volume fraction of anatase decreases to 10%. The surface morphology was studied using scanning electron microscopy. It was established that the films have a more fine-grained structure than at the displacement equals zero. Chemical stability and the presence of elements were observed using X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XFS) and atomic emission spectrometry (AES). The results of measurement of the contact angle and the surface energy are presented. The results of the study showed the influense of bias voltage on the phase composition, surface morphology and chemical properties of N-TiO2 nanofilms. The analysis of the results suggests that N-TiO2 films under consideration may play the role of nitric oxide depot directly in the field of pathology if they serve as implants coating.  

Microstructure, Properties and Biocompatibility of the Nitrided Ti-6Al-4V Alloy for Medical Application

2006 ◽  
Vol 513 ◽  
pp. 15-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Czyrska-Filemonowicz ◽  
P.A. Buffat ◽  
E. Czarnowska ◽  
Tadeusz Wierzchoń
Keyword(s):  
Surface Topography ◽  
Bulk Material ◽  
Medical Application ◽  
Clear Correlation ◽  
Corrosion Properties ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Transmission Electron

Investigation of the microstructure, properties and biocompatibility of the Ti-6Al-4V alloy nitrided under glow discharge was performed. The microstructural analyses were carried out using light microscopy, X-ray diffraction, analytical scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Phase identifications and chemical composition of the layer and bulk material (substrate) were determined by electron diffraction and energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry. Atomic force microscopy was applied for layer surface topography measurements. Microhardness and Young’s modulus measurements as well as frictional wear resistance and corrosion resistance tests were performed. The investigation revealed a clear correlation between the micro/nanostructure and surface topography of the layer with its micromechanical, tribological and corrosion properties. In-vitro examinations of biofilm and cell behaviour show that the nitrided Ti-6Al-4V alloy exhibits good biocompatibility.

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