scholarly journals Argentina and Brazil during the 1930s: The Impact of British and American International Economic Policies

1984 ◽  
pp. 144-162
Author(s):  
Marcelo De Paiva Abreu
Keyword(s):  
International Economic ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals The Stars and Stripes Wherever: The Impact of Unilateral U.S. Economic Sanctions on the International Petroleum Industry

1997 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 334
Author(s):  
Lynn R. Coleman ◽  
Thomas R. Graham
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
International Economic ◽  
Petroleum Industry ◽  
Oil Industry ◽  
Electoral Politics ◽  
The United States ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Trading Partners ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
The Impact

The authors discuss the impact of American domestic policies and electoral politics on the formulation of the international economic laws of the United States. They note a trend towards the attempted extraterritorial application of American international economic legislation and highlight the significance of the Helms-Burton Actand the Iran (Libya) Oil Sanctions Act in this context. It is suggested that these Acts represent an aggressive attempt by the United States to force its traditional allies and trading partners to conform to American international economic policies, and that if not successfully challenged in international fora they may be followed by other similar pieces of legislation. Finally, special attention is paid to the impact and potential impact on the oil industry of these Acts and other American international economic measures.

scholarly journals Do international economic developments affect the South African economy?

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 128-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
JA Swanepoel
Keyword(s):  
International Economic ◽  
South African ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
The South ◽  
Var Analysis ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Economic Developments ◽  
International Shocks ◽  
The Impact

Globalisation has opened economies more, exposing them to more international shocks and increasing the challenges to which domestic economic policies must respond. This paper provides a starting point for the analysis of the impact of international economic developments on the South African economy by means of graphical illustrations, correlations coefficients and in some cases a VAR analysis. Although this paper has shed some light on the importance of international economic developments on the South African economy, more rigorous econometric investigation is needed to validate the arguments and to address many of the unresolved questions.

scholarly journals Vulnerability to COVID-19, prejudice, and support for economic restrictions towards countries with high level of contamination

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 25-31
Author(s):  
Constantina Badea ◽  
Chloé Touzé ◽  
Cassandra Gedeon ◽  
Jais Adam-Troian ◽  
Mihaela Boza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
International Economic ◽  
International Trade ◽  
Intergroup Relations ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Perceived Vulnerability ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Very High ◽  
Restrictive Policy

Recent research has extensively investigated how the current COVID-19 pandemic can affect intergroup relations. Much less is known about the impact of COVID-19 on economic and trade decisions. Could the intergroup effects of this pandemic shape support for international economic policies? The aim of this study was to examine the support for restrictive economic policies towards countries with very high levels of COVID-19 contamination (China and Italy) during the first lockdown period (March - April 2020). The survey was conducted in Romania (N = 669) and included measures of COVID-19 vulnerability, prejudice, and support for economic restrictive policy (e.g., to reduce international trade; to set higher taxes). Results showed that higher support for restrictive policies toward China was associated with greater perceived vulnerability to COVID-19 and this link was partially mediated by prejudice toward China. In contrast, support for economic restrictive policies toward Italy was greater when perceived vulnerability to COVID-19 was high, but this relationship between variables was not explained by negative attitudes towards Italy. Practical and theoretical implications are discussed.

The Roots of Global Health Inequity

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joia S. Mukherjee
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
World War ◽  
The Public ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
The Impact

This chapter outlines the historical roots of health inequities. It focuses on the African continent, where life expectancy is the shortest and health systems are weakest. The chapter describes the impoverishment of countries by colonial powers, the development of the global human rights framework in the post-World War II era, the impact of the Cold War on African liberation struggles, and the challenges faced by newly liberated African governments to deliver health care through the public sector. The influence of the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund’s neoliberal economic policies is also discussed. The chapter highlights the shift from the aspiration of “health for all” voiced at the Alma Ata Conference on Primary Health Care in 1978, to the more narrowly defined “selective primary health care.” Finally, the chapter explains the challenges inherent in financing health in impoverished countries and how user fees became standard practice.

Money Multiplier Bias Due to Informal Sector: An Extension of the Existing Money Multiplier

2021 ◽  
pp. 227797872097988
Author(s):  
Khurrum S. Mughal ◽  
Friedrich G. Schneider ◽  
Faheem Aslam ◽  
Alishba Tahir
Keyword(s):  
Money Supply ◽  
Informal Sector ◽  
Informal Economy ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Official Statistics ◽  
Jel Codes ◽  
Money Multiplier ◽  
Multiplier Effect ◽  
The Impact

To demonstrate the impact of informal economy on the official money multiplier in currency supply, we present an extension of the basic money multiplier model. The influence of economic policies may differ if they are based only on official statistics without considering the informal sector. Since most of the activities in informal sector are hidden from authorities, it is widely assumed that these activities are based on cash transactions, a part of total currency that cannot be attracted towards deposits due to the holder’s fear of prosecution and taxation, etc. Therefore, it is expected that such currency holdings can give biased results by playing a role in the money multiplier, a phenomenon that is usually ignored while attempting to alter money supply. The article also indicates that because of informal sector, the currency deposit ratio in the money multiplier is smaller than expected (depending on size of the informal sector), leading to a larger multiplier effect. JEL Codes: E26, E51, O17

scholarly journals The Impact of Macroeconomic Policies on Healthcare Delivery in Kenya: An Analysis of the National Sexual Violence Prevention and Care Response

2020 ◽  
pp. 0272684X2098259
Author(s):  
Leso Munala ◽  
Emily Welle ◽  
Nene Okunna ◽  
Emily Hohenshell
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Healthcare Delivery ◽  
Health Economy ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Macroeconomic Policies ◽  
Complex Needs ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Structural Inequities ◽  
The Impact

Sexual violence is one of the most common forms of violence against women in Kenya. This study documents the care of sexual violence survivors from the perspective of health care practitioners based on an analytic framework developed in studies of the political-economy of health to examine the effects of International Financial Institutions’ conditionalities on the allocation of national fiscal resources. The study documented the working conditions of practitioners and myriad challenges that they experience in providing quality services to sexual violence survivors. The issues reflected in the results are grounded in social structural inequities driven by the global political economic policies that perpetuate poverty and dependency throughout Africa and the developing world. Macro-level variables associated with health care provision are assessed with a focus on global macroeconomic policies established by the International Monetary Fund and World Bank, their impact on Kenya’s health economy and their ultimate impact on the capacity of the health system to meet the complex needs of survivors of sexual violence. In this paper, study results are analysed within the context of these macroeconomic policies and their legacy.

Transgovernmental Interaction in the International Monetary System, 1960–1972

1973 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 431-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert W. Russell
Keyword(s):  
International Monetary System ◽  
Policy Formation ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Interaction Patterns ◽  
Industrialized Countries ◽  
Actor Model ◽  
Main Hypothesis ◽  
Monetary System ◽  
Rational Actor ◽  
The Impact

The main hypothesis of this article is that transgovernmental interaction among central banks and finance ministries of industrialized countries was as significant in economic policy formation as intergovernmental interaction. Elite interview data indicate, however, that the international consultative process among deputy central bank governors and deputy finance ministers conformed more closely to the intergovernmental image of international politics than had been expected. Both interaction patterns within the deputies’ consultative group and the impact of international consultations upon national economic policies could be explained moderately well in terms of a unified rational actor model. Examination of the transgovernmental interaction does suggest ways to systematically modify and improve interpretations based upon the rational actor model. In addition, the degree of politicization of issues may prove to be a reliable guide when deciding whether the transgovernmental dimension of an issue requires detailed study.

scholarly journals Impact of Project and Programme Aid on Economic Growth: A Cross Country Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-174
Author(s):  
Pervez Zamurrad Janjua ◽  
Malik Muhammad ◽  
Muhammad Usman
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Method Of Moment ◽  
System Equation ◽  
Moment Estimation ◽  
Country Analysis ◽  
Procurement Reform ◽  
Cross Country ◽  
The Impact

This study examines the impact of foreign aid instruments, namely Project Aid and Programme Aid, on economic growth of 27 aid-receiving countries. The study constructs a system of three equations, i.e. growth, investment and human capital. Using the Generalised Method of Moment estimation technique, the study concludes that while Project Aid has a positive and significant impact on economic growth, Programme Aid has an insignificant impact on economic growth. Additionally, the study finds that economic policies do enhance effectiveness of aid at aggregate level. Therefore, the capacity of aid-recipient countries to effectively use their resources for economic development needs due consideration. Keywords: Project Aid, Programme Aid, Economic Growth, Conditionality, Procurement Reform, System Equation Method, Generalised Method of Moment (GMM), Principal Component Analysis

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