The Individual Decision-Making Process

1993 ◽  
pp. 97-121
Author(s):  
J. L. Baxter
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Individual Decision ◽  
Individual Decision Making ◽  
The Individual

Assumptions of Rationality and Non-Rationality in Models of the International System

1961 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sidney Verba
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
International Relations ◽  
International System ◽  
Individual Decision ◽  
Individual Decision Making ◽  
Nation States ◽  
Simplifying Assumptions ◽  
Explicit Consideration ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact

It is a truism that all action within the international system can be reduced to the action of individuals. It is also true, however, that international relations cannot be adequately understood in terms of individual attitudes and behaviors. Models of the international system usually deal with larger units, nation-states, as prime actors. To what extent can such models give us adequate explanations of international relations without some built-in variables to deal with individual decision-making?It may be that some processes in international relations can be adequately explained on the level of social structure without explicit consideration of the personality, predispositions, attitudes, and behavior of the individual decision-maker. In that case, the introduction of variables dealing with individual behavior would complicate the model without commensurate payoff in terms of increased understanding and prediction. This would be true if the impact of individual decision-making on the behavior of nations in their relations with other nations were slight, or if the impact varied randomly (because, for instance, of idiosyncratic factors) among the population of international events that one was trying to explain. If, on the other hand, models of the international system that either ignore or make grossly simplifying assumptions about individual decision-making can explain international relations only very imperfectly, it may well be worth the additional effort to build variables about individual decision-making into them.

The Decision-Making Process

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordon Moore ◽  
John A. Quelch ◽  
Emily Boudreau
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Large Range ◽  
Social Influences ◽  
Common Factors ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Consumer Decision Making ◽  
Individual Decision ◽  
Cultural Economic ◽  
Individual Decision Making ◽  
Decision Making Unit

Even seemingly mundane decisions involve a fair amount of individual decision-making. Chapter 4 takes a closer look at the consumer decision-making process, considering (1) the process itself; (2) the individuals and groups that make up the decision-making unit; and (3) other common factors that affect decision-making. How people make healthcare decisions, and how quickly they make them, varies greatly depending on a large range of factors, with cultural, economic, psychological, and social influences affecting the outcome at each step. This chapter reviews each of these areas in greater depth and also explores how and why the decision-making process often breaks down in healthcare markets today.

Exploring social influence on evolutionary prisoner’s dilemma games in networks

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (30) ◽  
pp. 1550184
Author(s):  
Hengshan Zong ◽  
Guozhu Jia ◽  
Yang Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Social Influence ◽  
Network Structure ◽  
Prisoner's Dilemma ◽  
Prisoner’S Dilemma ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Individual Decision ◽  
Individual Decision Making ◽  
Game Dynamics

Though numerous studies demonstrate the importance of social influence in deciding individual decision-making process in networks, little has been done to explore its impact on players’ behavioral patterns in evolutionary prisoner’s dilemma games (PDGs). This study investigates how social influenced strategy updating rules may affect the final equilibrium of game dynamics. The results show that weak social influence usually inhibits cooperation, while strong social influence has a mediating effect. The impacts of network structure and the existence of rebels in social influence scenarios are also tested. The paper provides a comprehensive interpretation on social influence effects on evolutionary PDGs in networks.

Emotional experience and personality traits influence individual and joint risk-based decision making

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 881-892 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Wang ◽  
Yu Pan ◽  
Kecheng Zhang ◽  
Yujia Sui ◽  
Tingjie Lv ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Emotional Experience ◽  
Big Five Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Individual Decision ◽  
Joint Decision ◽  
Individual Decision Making ◽  
The Individual

We compared individual and joint risk-based decision making using the Balloon Analogue Risk Task, with a focus on participants' (160 Chinese men) emotional experience during decision making and their Big Five personality traits as measured by the NEO Five-Factor Inventory. We found that, compared with the individual decision-making process, making a joint decision led to reduced risk taking and increased earnings, and brought a greater sense of control, stronger feelings of achievement and happiness, and a reduced sense of regret for the participants. The Big Five personality traits of the participants were related to their risk-based decision making; participants tended to act differently according to their personality traits during individual and joint decision making. Our findings show that, compared with individual decision making, joint decision making has many advantages.

scholarly journals DYNAMICAL SYSTEM MODEL OF DECISION MAKING AND PROPAGATION

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (03) ◽  
pp. 339-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. DEMONGEOT ◽  
V. VOLPERT
Keyword(s):  
Dynamical System ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Public Opinion ◽  
System Model ◽  
Individual Decision ◽  
Individual Decision Making ◽  
Other Information ◽  
The Individual

Individual decision making is described as a bistable dynamical system. It can be influenced by the environment represented by other individuals, public opinion, all kinds of visual, oral and other information. We will study how the interaction of the individual decision making with the environment results in various patterns of decision making in the society.

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