Gaining Control over Program Output

1997 ◽  
pp. 187-214
Author(s):  
David R. Brooks
Keyword(s):  
Program Output

scholarly journals Estimating Algorithmic Information Using Quantum Computing for Genomics Applications

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 2696
Author(s):  
Aritra Sarkar ◽  
Zaid Al-Ars ◽  
Koen Bertels
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Computing ◽  
Classical Case ◽  
Generative Models ◽  
Quantum Superposition ◽  
Phylogenetic Tree Analysis ◽  
Protein Protein Interaction ◽  
Algorithmic Information ◽  
Quantum Programming ◽  
Program Output ◽  
Experimental Use

Inferring algorithmic structure in data is essential for discovering causal generative models. In this research, we present a quantum computing framework using the circuit model, for estimating algorithmic information metrics. The canonical computation model of the Turing machine is restricted in time and space resources, to make the target metrics computable under realistic assumptions. The universal prior distribution for the automata is obtained as a quantum superposition, which is further conditioned to estimate the metrics. Specific cases are explored where the quantum implementation offers polynomial advantage, in contrast to the exhaustive enumeration needed in the corresponding classical case. The unstructured output data and the computational irreducibility of Turing machines make this algorithm impossible to approximate using heuristics. Thus, exploring the space of program-output relations is one of the most promising problems for demonstrating quantum supremacy using Grover search that cannot be dequantized. Experimental use cases for quantum acceleration are developed for self-replicating programs and algorithmic complexity of short strings. With quantum computing hardware rapidly attaining technological maturity, we discuss how this framework will have significant advantage for various genomics applications in meta-biology, phylogenetic tree analysis, protein-protein interaction mapping and synthetic biology. This is the first time experimental algorithmic information theory is implemented using quantum computation. Our implementation on the Qiskit quantum programming platform is copy-left and is publicly available on GitHub.

Utility of Analysis of Variance with Repeated Measures Programs for Estimating Reliability

1975 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 441-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald A. Berk
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Error ◽  
Computer Program ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Theory Of Measurement ◽  
Generalizability Theory ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Program Output

This paper presents a brief description of the generalizability theory of measurement error and its relation to analysis of variance with repeated measures. The intraclass correlation is defined in terms of analysis of variance computer program output. The usefulness of several programs is discussed.

scholarly journals Leisure Studies on Program Output With Delay Relaxation.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Appiah
Keyword(s):  
Delay Time ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Program Execution ◽  
Leisure Studies ◽  
File Management ◽  
System Calls ◽  
Interactive Computing ◽  
Computing Environments ◽  
Program Output

Interactive computing environments consisting of screen and keyboard provides a means to relax and enjoy the program output. Leisurely, ways to slow and relax program execution is delved with system calls like delay execution, synthesis execution and file management execution. The leisure time can be the exact delay time used in slowly the chances of output activity.

scholarly journals Explorations in Parallel  Linear Genetic Programming

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Carlton Downey
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Programming ◽  
Convergence Time ◽  
Linear Genetic Programming ◽  
Cooperative Coevolution ◽  
Biological Inspiration ◽  
Linear Sequence ◽  
New Form ◽  
Program Output ◽  
Program Components ◽  
Crossover And Mutation

<p>Linear Genetic Programming (LGP) is a powerful problem-solving technique, but one with several significant weaknesses. LGP programs consist of a linear sequence of instructions, where each instruction may reuse previously computed results. This structure makes LGP programs compact and powerful, however it also introduces the problem of instruction dependencies. The notion of instruction dependencies expresses the concept that certain instructions rely on other instructions. Instruction dependencies are often disrupted during crossover or mutation when one or more instructions undergo modification. This disruption can cause disproportionately large changes in program output resulting in non-viable offspring and poor algorithm performance. Motivated by biological inspiration and the issue of code disruption, we develop a new form of LGP called Parallel LGP (PLGP). PLGP programs consist of n lists of instructions. These lists are executed in parallel, and the resulting vectors are summed to produce the overall program output. PLGP limits the disruptive effects of crossover and mutation, which allows PLGP to significantly outperform regular LGP. We examine the PLGP architecture and determine that large PLGP programs can be slow to converge. To improve the convergence time of large PLGP programs we develop a new form of PLGP called Cooperative Coevolution PLGP (CC PLGP). CC PLGP adapts the concept of cooperative coevolution to the PLGP architecture. CC PLGP optimizes all program components in parallel, allowing CC PLGP to converge significantly faster than conventional PLGP. We examine the CC PLGP architecture and determine that performance</p>

scholarly journals MATLAB software for automated calculation of concentration of different compounds using extracted peak area from HPLC data file in pdf format

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenfa Ng
Keyword(s):  
Retention Time ◽  
Data File ◽  
Calibration Plot ◽  
Target Compound ◽  
Matlab Software ◽  
Ease Of Access ◽  
Program Output ◽  
Pdf Format ◽  
Area Data ◽  
Hplc Data

Chromatograms represent a class of data difficult to process expeditiously due to the large number of intermediary steps necessary to translate peak detection to a concentration reading of a specific compound. This problem is further exacerbated by the different output file format in which instrument manufacturers present chromatographic data. Steps necessary to convert a detected peak to a concentration reading include identification of compound using retention time, extraction of corresponding peak area, and calculation of concentration of compound by using a calibration curve. This work sought to develop a MATLAB software able to automatically extract peak area from chromatographic readout captured in pdf format and calculate the corresponding concentration values. Given manufacturer-specific formatting features in pdf file, the MATLAB software could only read and handle pdf files of HPLC readouts from Shimadzu’s LabSolutions software. In processing the pdf file of each analyzed sample, entire content of the file was first read as a character string. Subsequently, specific delimiters were used to extract retention time and detected peak area for each compound. This information was subsequently processed to identify specific target compound of interest, where extracted peak area was used to calculate concentration of compound using a calibration plot. Overall, the program generates a database comprising filename, raw retention time and peak area data, as well as concentration values of each target compound in an easy to read format. Finally, to provide ease of access and a permanent file for storage, the program output the above database as an Excel file stored on the hard drive. One important advantage of this software is that it could process multiple pdf files simultaneously and there is no upper limit to the number of pdf files (or samples) that could be processed. Collectively, the MATLAB software capable of automatically extracting peak area and calculating concentration of different compounds would provide significant savings of time in handling large number of pdf files in a typical chromatographic run from a Shimadzu HPLC instrument.

scholarly journals Multi-Service Programs for Pregnant and Parenting Women with Substance Use Concerns: Women’s Perspectives on Why They Seek Help and Their Significant Changes

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (18) ◽  
pp. 3299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carol Hubberstey ◽  
Deborah Rutman ◽  
Rose A. Schmidt ◽  
Marilyn Van Bibber ◽  
Nancy Poole
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Information Support ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Service Programs ◽  
Health And Social Care ◽  
Client Data ◽  
Significant Life ◽  
Most Significant Change ◽  
Program Output ◽  
Pregnant And Parenting Women

Within Canada, several specialized multi-service prevention programs work with highly vulnerable pregnant and early parenting women with substance use issues. Experiences of trauma, mental health, poverty, and other factors associated with the social determinants of health complete the picture. Program evaluations have demonstrated their value, but less has been said as to women’s reasons for choosing to seek help from these programs, what they were hoping to gain, or what difference they believe has occurred as a result. The Co-creating Evidence project is a multi-year (2017–2020) national evaluation of holistic programs serving women at high risk of having an infant with prenatal alcohol or substance exposure. The evaluation uses a mixed methods design involving quarterly program output and “snapshot” client data, as well as in-person, semi-structured interviews and questionnaires with clients, program staff, and program partners. This article presents findings from interviews with women regarding why they sought help, how they used the services, and what they perceived to be the most significant change in their lives as a result. Obtaining help with substance use was the top theme for what women hoped to get from their participation in their program; however, women’s reasons were often intertwined. Additional motivations included wanting information, support or assistance with: child welfare; pregnancy; housing; getting connected to health care or prenatal care; and opportunities for peer support. With respect to the most significant life change, themes included: reduced substance use; improved housing; stronger mother–child connection; and improved wellness and social connections. Findings demonstrated that vulnerable, marginalized pregnant and parenting women who are using substances will seek help when health and social care services are configured in such a way as to take into consideration and address their unique roles, responsibilities, and realities.

Automatic Assessment via Intelligent Analysis of Students’ Program Output Patterns

2018 ◽  
pp. 238-250
Author(s):  
Chung Keung Poon ◽  
Tak-Lam Wong ◽  
Chung Man Tang ◽  
Jacky Kin Lun Li ◽  
Yuen Tak Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Automatic Assessment ◽  
Intelligent Analysis ◽  
Program Output

A Discovery Approach to Teaching Programming

1984 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 16-28
Author(s):  
William H. Doyle
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Elementary School Teachers ◽  
Discovery Learning ◽  
School Teachers ◽  
Teachers And Students ◽  
Simultaneous Study ◽  
Successful Approach ◽  
Approach To Teaching ◽  
Programming Skills ◽  
Program Output

This journal has recently featured articles that stressed the importance of having elementary school teachers and students learn to write simple computer programs. This emphasis suggests the need to share successful strategies for helping teachers to gain elementary programming skills. Teachers will then be more likely to introduce or offer direction for students' programming in their classrooms. One successful approach uses discovery learning and leads naturally to programming without creat ing inhibiting anxiety. The objective is not to produce expert computer programmers but rather to help teachers understand the elementary constructs of BASIC and to begin writing simple programs. The approach uses short programs that illustrate educationally sound uses of computers in the classroom. The central, elementary constructs of BASIC are taught through the simultaneous study of program listings on paper and program output on the monitor.

A Randomized Trial of 12-Week Interventions for the Treatment of Developmental Phonological Disorder in Francophone Children

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 637-658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Rvachew ◽  
Françoise Brosseau-Lapré
Keyword(s):  
Phonological Awareness ◽  
Speech Production ◽  
Speech Therapy ◽  
Dialogic Reading ◽  
Individual Treatment ◽  
Home Program ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Program Output ◽  
Treatment Procedures ◽  
Production Accuracy

Purpose This study was designed to test the relative efficacy of different combinations of intervention approaches when targeting speech production accuracy and phonological awareness skills. All children received individual speech therapy, a home program, and a small-group phonological awareness intervention. Method Sixty-five 4-year-olds with a developmental phonological disorder received these intervention components in different combinations over 12 weeks, resulting in 4 groups: output-oriented individual intervention and articulation practice home program, output-oriented individual intervention and dialogic reading home program, input-oriented individual intervention and articulation practice home program, and input-oriented individual intervention and dialogic reading home program. Results A significant interaction of the individual treatment condition and the home program condition was observed for 2 outcome measures: targeted feature match (which reflected changes in speech production accuracy for features and word shape structures that were targeted in therapy) and explicit phonological awareness skills. Conclusion In this context, in which the children received a brief period of direct therapy and a home program component provided sequentially, the most effective strategy was to teach the parents to use treatment procedures at home that were congruent with the direct therapy component.

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