Surgical and Medical Management of In Situ and Early Stage Breast Carcinoma

Purpose To determine the relationship of breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to outcome after breast-conservation treatment (BCT) with radiation for women with early-stage invasive breast carcinoma or ductal carcinoma in situ. Patients and Methods A total of 756 women with early stage invasive breast carcinoma or ductal carcinoma in situ underwent BCT including definitive breast irradiation during 1992 to 2001. At the time of initial diagnosis and evaluation, routine breast imaging included conventional mammography. Of the 756 women, 215 women (28%) had also undergone a breast MRI study, and 541 women (72%) had not undergone a breast MRI study. The median follow-up after treatment was 4.6 years (range, 0.1 to 13.5 years). Results For the women with a breast MRI study compared with the women without a breast MRI study, there were no differences in the 8-year rates of any local failure (3% v 4%, respectively; P = .51) or local-only first failure (3% v 4%, respectively; P = .32). There were also no differences between the two groups for the 8-year rates of overall survival (86% v 87%, respectively; P = .51), cause-specific survival (94% v 95%, respectively; P = .63), freedom from distant metastases (89% v 92%, respectively; P = .16), or contralateral breast cancer (6% v 6%, respectively; P = .39). Conclusion The use of a breast MRI study at the time of initial diagnosis and evaluation was not associated with an improvement in outcome after BCT with radiation.

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Breast carcinoma in young females below the age of 35 years - histopathological and prognostic significance

Journal of Pathology of Nepal ◽

10.3126/jpn.v2i3.6021 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 2 (3) ◽

pp. 198-202

Author(s):

D Ghartimagar ◽

A Ghosh ◽

OP Talwar ◽

R Narasimhan

Keyword(s):

Breast Carcinoma ◽

Young Women ◽

Early Stage ◽

Prognostic Significance ◽

Age Group ◽

Breast Cancers ◽

Young Females ◽

Younger Age ◽

Grade 3 ◽

Group Grade

Background: Breast cancers rarely occur in young women but are known to have more aggressive behaviors and poorer outcome. We here compare the significance of breast carcinoma in female below the age of 35 to the age over 35 whose specimens were submitted to Manipal teaching hospital, Pokhara. Materials and Methods: All cases of mastectomy with carcinoma from January 2000 to September 2011 were included in the study. Clinical and histopathological datas of all cases were reviewed and collated. Results: A total of 148 mastectomy specimens were received, among which, 23 cases (16%) were below 35 years; whereas 125 cases (84%) were above 35 years of age. In both groups, Stage II was the commonest stage but stage III was much more common in older group (33% versus 9%) and stage I was more common in younger age group (39% versus 27%). Bloom Richardson grading showed that in the older age group, grade 1 is the commonest grade (50%) while in the younger group; grade 3 is the commonest (39%). Patients were followed for a varying period of 6 months to 5 years. Two cases (2% of followed up cases) in older group and 3 cases (15% of followed up cases) in the younger group showed recurrence. Conclusion: Breast carcinoma in the patients younger than 35 years though presented at an early stage has higher grade tumor and poorer outcome. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jpn.v2i3.6021 JPN 2012; 2(3): 198-202

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Quality of life for women diagnosed with breast carcinoma in situ.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.1051513.502416 ◽

2006 ◽

Author(s):

Larissa Nekhlyudov

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Breast Carcinoma ◽

Carcinoma In Situ ◽

Breast Carcinoma In Situ

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CD8+ T cells from experimental in situ breast carcinoma interfere with bone homeostasis

Bone ◽

10.1016/j.bone.2021.116014 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 116014

Author(s):

Ana Carolina Monteiro ◽

Adriana Bonomo

Keyword(s):

T Cells ◽

Breast Carcinoma ◽

Cd8 T Cells ◽

Bone Homeostasis

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Laboratory Testing for HER2/neu in Breast Carcinoma: An Evolving Strategy to Predict Response to Targeted Therapy

Cancer Control ◽

10.1177/107327480100800504 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 8 (5) ◽

pp. 415-418 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

Nils M. Diaz

Keyword(s):

Targeted Therapy ◽

Breast Carcinoma ◽

Gene Amplification ◽

Laboratory Testing ◽

False Positives ◽

Response To Therapy ◽

Fish Analysis ◽

Breast Carcinomas ◽

Testing Strategies

Background Laboratory testing of HER2/neu in breast carcinoma has become vital to patient care following the approval of trastuzumab as the first therapy to target the HER2/neu oncoprotein. Initial clinical trials used immunohistochemistry (IHC) to test for HER2/neu overexpression in order to select patients for therapy. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), which tests for gene amplification, is more specific and sensitive than IHC when either assay is compared with HER2/neu overexpression as determined by Northern or Western blot analysis. Many weak overexpressors on IHC testing are not gene amplified on FISH analysis. Such weak overexpressors may be considered false-positives and raise the question of how best to test for HER2/neu. Methods The literature was surveyed regarding testing for HER2/neu overexpression in breast carcinomas and alternative testing strategies. Results False-positive results are a significant problem when IHC is exclusively used to test for HER2/neu overexpression. The false-positives are overwhelmingly confined to the group of 2+ positives and do not respond to targeted therapy. In contrast, concordance between IHC and FISH is high when immunostaining is interpreted as either negative or strongly positive (3+). Whereas some recent studies have suggested that FISH may better predict response to anti-HER2/neu therapy than IHC, others have indicated that IHC is as effective a predictor as FISH. IHC is less technically demanding and costly than FISH. Conclusions IHC analysis of HER2/neu in breast carcinoma is a useful predictor of response to therapy with trastuzumab when strongly positive. Negative immunostaining is highly concordant with a lack of gene amplification by FISH. Most weakly positive overexpressors are false-positives on testing with FISH. Thus, screening of breast carcinomas with IHC and confirmation of weakly positive IHC results by FISH is an effective evolving strategy for testing HER2/neu as a predictor of response to targeted therapy.

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Early-Stage Reactions in Synthesis of TPA−Silicalite-1: Studies by in Situ Calorimetry, SAXS, and pH Measurements

Chemistry of Materials ◽

10.1021/cm035272q ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 16 (19) ◽

pp. 3682-3687 ◽

Cited By ~ 38

Author(s):

Sanyuan Yang ◽

Alexandra Navrotsky

Keyword(s):

Early Stage ◽

Ph Measurements

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Advanced age and adjuvant tamoxifen prescription in early-stage breast carcinoma patients

Cancer ◽

10.1002/cncr.10985 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 95 (12) ◽

pp. 2465-2472 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Sarah B. Blackman ◽

Timothy L. Lash ◽

Aliza K. Fink ◽

Patricia A. Ganz ◽

Rebecca A. Silliman

Keyword(s):

Breast Carcinoma ◽

Early Stage ◽

Advanced Age ◽

Adjuvant Tamoxifen

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Skeletal muscle PGC-1β signaling is sufficient to drive an endurance exercise phenotype and to counteract components of detraining in mice

AJP Endocrinology and Metabolism ◽

10.1152/ajpendo.00380.2016 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 312 (5) ◽

pp. E394-E406 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Samuel Lee ◽

Teresa C. Leone ◽

Lisa Rogosa ◽

John Rumsey ◽

Julio Ayala ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Skeletal Muscle ◽

Exercise Training ◽

Early Stage ◽

Peroxisome Proliferator ◽

Disuse Atrophy ◽

Proof Of Concept ◽

Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor ◽

Muscle Disuse ◽

Training Response

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator (PGC)-1α and -1β serve as master transcriptional regulators of muscle mitochondrial functional capacity and are capable of enhancing muscle endurance when overexpressed in mice. We sought to determine whether muscle-specific transgenic overexpression of PGC-1β affects the detraining response following endurance training. First, we established and validated a mouse exercise-training-detraining protocol. Second, using multiple physiological and gene expression end points, we found that PGC-1β overexpression in skeletal muscle of sedentary mice fully recapitulated the training response. Lastly, PGC-1β overexpression during the detraining period resulted in partial prevention of the detraining response. Specifically, an increase in the plateau at which O2 uptake (V̇o2) did not change from baseline with increasing treadmill speed [peak V̇o2 (ΔV̇o2max)] was maintained in trained mice with PGC-1β overexpression in muscle 6 wk after cessation of training. However, other detraining responses, including changes in running performance and in situ half relaxation time (a measure of contractility), were not affected by PGC-1β overexpression. We conclude that while activation of muscle PGC-1β is sufficient to drive the complete endurance phenotype in sedentary mice, it only partially prevents the detraining response following exercise training, suggesting that the process of endurance detraining involves mechanisms beyond the reversal of muscle autonomous mechanisms involved in endurance fitness. In addition, the protocol described here should be useful for assessing early-stage proof-of-concept interventions in preclinical models of muscle disuse atrophy.

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