The Role of Adenosine in Respiratory Physiology

1990 ◽  
pp. 381-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy L. Griffiths ◽  
Stephen T. Holgate
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Physiology

scholarly journals Mask and COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-215
Author(s):  
Dulal Bose
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Physiology ◽  
Sudden Rise ◽  
Second Wave

The author deliberates on the sudden rise of mucormycosis during the second wave of COVID-19 in India and also the increased incidence of post-COVID morbidities. The role of unhygienic use of face masks and prolonged use of respirators in changing the microclimate of the nose and its effect on the respiratory physiology have been discussed. The author has put forward some suggestions for the readers to consider.

Hallmarks in the study of respiratory physiology and the crucial role of Antoine-Laurent de Lavoisier (1743–1794)

2013 ◽  
Vol 305 (9) ◽  
pp. L591-L594 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marianna Karamanou ◽  
Gregory Tsoucalas ◽  
George Androutsos
Keyword(s):  
Crucial Role ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
Respiratory Physiology ◽  
Important Research ◽  
Atmospheric Gases ◽  
Robert Boyle ◽  
Albrecht Von Haller ◽  
Physical And Chemical

From the early 17th century the advent of physical and chemical sciences developed two important movements toward the explanation of all vital phenomena: the Iatrochemical and Iatromechanical Schools. The important research of their representatives such as Jan Baptist van Helmont, John Mayow, Robert Boyle, Gian Alfonso Borelli, Richard Lower, and Albrecht von Haller, followed by the discovery of the atmospheric gases, provided a fecund soil for the leading work of Lavoisier in respiratory physiology.

EVOLUÇÃO DA ICTIOFAUNA DE RIACHOS SUL-AMERICANOS (CASTRO, 1999) REVISITADO APÓS MAIS DE DUAS DÉCADAS

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (02) ◽  
pp. 231-245
Author(s):  
Ricardo Macedo Corrêa e Castro ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Size ◽  
Taxonomic Diversity ◽  
Respiratory Physiology ◽  
South American ◽  
Adult Size ◽  
The South ◽  
Evolutionary Pattern ◽  
The Family ◽  
Respective Species

A little more than 20 years after the first publication of Castro (1999), the knowledge of the South American freshwater ichthyofauna, especially that of Brazil, has increased dramatically. This increase occurred both in terms of knowledge of its taxonomic diversity - in 1999, based on various sources in the scientific literature, a total of 2,800 species of South American freshwater fish was estimated, and a total of near 3,500 species it is currently known from Brazil alone - as to the knowledge of its evolution and also ecology. Consequently, all the hypotheses originally proposed in that paper are reexamined and critically discussed here considering this new knowledge accumulated in the past nearly two decades. Although the original 1999 hypothesis that the small adult size of their respective species is a general evolutionary pattern shared by the South American stream ichthyofauna has been firmly corroborated by several studies carried out in many regions of Brazil, the different patterns associated with most of the species of stream fish originally proposed are discussed in this chapter in the light of the new accumulated knowledge about their biology and ecology. Likewise, the possible role of heterochrony in their respective evolution is critically analyzed in the context of the great advance that has occurred in understanding the phylogenetic relationships of component taxa of freshwater neotropical ichthyofauna, using mainly the family Characidae as a possible model. Finally, a recent intriguing idea of the role of respiratory physiology in determining both the maximum size of teleost fish and their patterns of environmental occupation is examined in relation to its possible effect in the evolution of South American stream ichthyofauna.

Case study analysis and the remediation of misconceptions about respiratory physiology

2006 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 215-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
William H. Cliff
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Test ◽  
Learning Strategy ◽  
Case Analysis ◽  
Student Understanding ◽  
Respiratory Physiology ◽  
Case Review ◽  
Case Study Analysis ◽  
Hemoglobin Saturation

Most students enter the physiology classroom with one or more fundamental misconceptions about respiratory physiology. This study examined the prevalence of four respiratory misconceptions and determined the role of case analysis in the remediation of one of them. A case study was used to help students learn about oxygen transport in the blood and a conceptual diagnostic test was used to assess student understanding of the relation between Po2 and hemoglobin saturation by probing for the corresponding (Sa/Po2) misconception. A 36% remediation of the Sa/Po2 misconception was found to be associated with case analysis. This repair was selective since the frequency of three other respiratory misconceptions was found to be unchanged after classroom instruction about respiratory physiology in lectures and laboratories. Remediation of the Sa/Po2 misconception before an instructor-led, in-class case review was superficial and temporary. Explanations provided by students who correctly answered the Sa/Po2 conceptual diagnostic test showed improved conceptual understanding following case analysis. These results suggest that a learning strategy where students actively confront their faulty notions about respiratory physiology is useful in helping them overcome their misconceptions.

scholarly journals Respiratory Strategies in Relation to Ecology and Behaviour in Three Diurnal Namib Desert Tenebrionid Beetles

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 1036
Author(s):  
Frances D. Duncan
Keyword(s):  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Water Loss ◽  
Evaporative Cooling ◽  
Respiratory Physiology ◽  
Metabolic Rates ◽  
Beetle Species ◽  
Water Droplets ◽  
Namib Desert ◽  
Flow Through

The respiratory physiology of three diurnal ultraxerophilous tenebrionid beetles inhabiting either the dune slipface or gravel plain in the Namib Desert was investigated. The role of the mesothoracic spiracles and subelytral cavity in gas exchange was determined by flow-through respirometry. All three species exhibited the discontinuous gas exchange cycles with a distinct convection based flutter period and similar mass specific metabolic rates. There was variation in their respiration mechanics that related to the ecology of the species. The largest beetle species, Onymacris plana, living on the dune slipface, has a leaky subelytral cavity and used all its spiracles for gas exchange. Thus, it could use evaporative cooling from its respiratory surface. This species is a fog harvester as well as able to replenish water through metabolising fats while running rapidly. The two smaller species inhabiting the gravel plains, Metriopus depressus and Zophosis amabilis, used the mesothoracic spiracles almost exclusively for gas exchange as well as increasing the proportional length of the flutter period to reduce respiratory water loss. Neither species have been reported to drink water droplets, and thus conserving respiratory water would allow them to be active longer.

scholarly journals Human airway trypsin-like protease, a serine protease involved in respiratory diseases

2017 ◽  
Vol 312 (5) ◽  
pp. L657-L668 ◽  
Author(s):  
Awen Menou ◽  
JanWillem Duitman ◽  
Pauline Flajolet ◽  
Jean-Michel Sallenave ◽  
Arnaud André Mailleux ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Surface ◽  
Serine Proteases ◽  
Proteolytic Enzymes ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Respiratory Physiology ◽  
Cell Recruitment ◽  
Human Airway ◽  
Human Genes ◽  
Extracellular Environment

More than 2% of all human genes are coding for a complex system of more than 700 proteases and protease inhibitors. Among them, serine proteases play extraordinary, diverse functions in different physiological and pathological processes. The human airway trypsin-like protease (HAT), also referred to as TMPRSS11D and serine 11D, belongs to the emerging family of cell surface proteolytic enzymes, the type II transmembrane serine proteases (TTSPs). Through the cleavage of its four major identified substrates, HAT triggers specific responses, notably in epithelial cells, within the pericellular and extracellular environment, including notably inflammatory cytokine production, inflammatory cell recruitment, or anticoagulant processes. This review summarizes the potential role of this recently described protease in mediating cell surface proteolytic events, to highlight the structural features, proteolytic activity, and regulation, including the expression profile of HAT, and discuss its possible roles in respiratory physiology and disease.

Role of respiratory physiology on real-time breath-gas analysis

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pritam Sukul ◽  
Phillip Trefz ◽  
Jochen Schubert ◽  
Wolfram Miekisch
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Gas Analysis ◽  
Respiratory Physiology ◽  
Breath Gas Analysis

Laryngeal Dysfunction and Pulmonary Disorder

1986 ◽  
Vol 94 (3) ◽  
pp. 374-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymond P. Wood ◽  
Bruce W. Jafek ◽  
Ruben M. Cherniack
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Respiratory Function ◽  
Pulmonary Function Tests ◽  
Respiratory Physiology ◽  
Laryngeal Function ◽  
Posterior Cricoarytenoid Muscle ◽  
Pulmonary Disorder ◽  
Posterior Cricoarytenoid

The normal respiratory function of the larynx has been described in detailed reports in both the otolaryngology and the respiratory physiology literature. The role of the posterior cricoarytenoid muscle in vocal cord abduction has been shown to be paramount in laryngeal respiratory function. However, only in recent reports has attention been directed toward disordered laryngeal function as evidenced in pulmonary disorders, such as asthma, or in association with underlying pulmonary disorders, such as asthma (ROAD) or emphysema (COPD), in this article, cases will be presented to demonstrate the role of disordered laryngeal function appearing as pulmonary disease and associated with various degrees of underlying pulmonary disease. The effect on pulmonary function tests and the role of treatment will be discussed.

Role of dactinomycin in the improved survival of children with Wilms' tumor

JAMA ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 195 (12) ◽  
pp. 1005-1009 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Fernbach
Keyword(s):  
Wilms Tumor
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