Exploring Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Data

2012 ◽  
pp. 99-115
Author(s):  
Charles Roosen ◽  
Richard Pugh ◽  
Andrew Nicholls
Keyword(s):  
Pharmacodynamic Data

scholarly journals Population Pharmacokinetics of Oxycodone and Metabolites in Patients with Cancer-Related Pain

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 2768
Author(s):  
Bram C. Agema ◽  
Astrid W. Oosten ◽  
Sebastiaan D. T. Sassen ◽  
Wim J. R. Rietdijk ◽  
Carin C. D. van der Rijt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Events ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Model ◽  
Compartment Model ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Population Pharmacokinetic ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
Pain Scores ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Pharmacodynamic Data

Oxycodone is frequently used for treating cancer-related pain, while not much is known about the factors that influence treatment outcomes in these patients. We aim to unravel these factors by developing a population-pharmacokinetic model to assess the pharmacokinetics of oxycodone and its metabolites in cancer patients, and to associate this with pain scores, and adverse events. Hospitalized patients with cancer-related pain, who were treated with oral oxycodone, could participate. Pharmacokinetic samples and patient-reported pain scores and occurrence and severity of nine adverse events were taken every 12 h. In 28 patients, 302 pharmacokinetic samples were collected. A one-compartment model for oxycodone and each metabolite best described oxycodone, nor-oxycodone, and nor-oxymorphone pharmacokinetics. Furthermore, oxycodone exposure was not associated with average and maximal pain scores, and oxycodone, nor-oxycodone, and nor-oxymorphone exposure were not associated with adverse events (all p > 0.05). This is the first model to describe the pharmacokinetics of oxycodone including the metabolites nor-oxycodone and nor-oxymorphone in hospitalized patients with cancer pain. Additional research, including more patients and a more timely collection of pharmacodynamic data, is needed to further elucidate oxycodone (metabolite) pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic relationships. This model is an important starting point for further studies to optimize oxycodone dosing regiments in patients with cancer-related pain.

Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Lanoteplase (n-PA)

1999 ◽  
Vol 82 (S 01) ◽  
pp. 121-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Moser ◽  
Benedikt Kohler ◽  
Wolfgang Kübler ◽  
Christoph Bode ◽  
Thomas K. Nordt
Keyword(s):  
Plasminogen Activator ◽  
Tissue Type ◽  
Bolus Administration ◽  
Pharmacokinetics And Pharmacodynamics ◽  
Therapeutic Principle ◽  
Tissue Type Plasminogen Activator ◽  
Promising Agent ◽  
Type Plasminogen Activator ◽  
Plasma Half Life ◽  
Pharmacodynamic Data

SummaryIn acute myocardial infarction rapid, complete, and sustained reperfusion of the infarct-related coronary artery is the most important therapeutic principle. Lanoteplase or n-PA, a third-generation plasminogen activator consisting of a deletion and point mutant of tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA), is a promising agent to appraoch this therapeutic goal. The molecule exhibits an increased plasma half-life allowing single-bolus administration. In this article, after characterizing the n-PA molecule, the currently available pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic data including the results of the InTIME study are reviewed.

Semiparametric mixed-effect least squares support vector machine for analyzing pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic data

2011 ◽  
Vol 74 (17) ◽  
pp. 3412-3419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyung Ha Seok ◽  
Jooyong Shim ◽  
Daehyeon Cho ◽  
Gyu-Jeong Noh ◽  
Changha Hwang
Keyword(s):  
Support Vector Machine ◽  
Least Squares ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Mixed Effect ◽  
Pharmacodynamic Data

Is the subcutaneous route an alternative for administering ertapenem to older patients? PHACINERTA study

2019 ◽  
Vol 74 (12) ◽  
pp. 3546-3554 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire Roubaud Baudron ◽  
Rachel Legeron ◽  
Julien Ollivier ◽  
Fabrice Bonnet ◽  
Carine Greib ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Patients ◽  
Older Persons ◽  
Population Pharmacokinetic ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Data ◽  
Antibiotic Administration ◽  
Subcutaneous Route ◽  
Final Model ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Pharmacodynamic Data

Abstract Background Antibiotic administration by subcutaneous (SC) injection is common practice in French geriatric wards as an alternative to the intravenous (IV) route, but few pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic data are available. Ertapenem is useful for the treatment of infections with ESBL-producing enterobacteria. Objectives To report and compare ertapenem pharmacokinetic data between IV and SC routes in older persons. Methods Patients >65 years of age receiving ertapenem (1 g once daily) for at least 48 h (IV or SC, steady-state) were prospectively enrolled. Total ertapenem concentrations [residual (C0), IV peak (C0.5) and SC peak (C2.5)] were determined by UV HPLC. Individual-predicted AUC0–24 values were calculated and population pharmacokinetic analyses were performed. Using the final model, a Monte Carlo simulation involving 10 000 patients evaluated the influence of SC or IV administration on the PTA. Tolerance to ertapenem and recovery were also monitored. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02505386. Results Ten (mean ± SD age=87±7 years) and 16 (age=88±5 years) patients were included in the IV and SC groups, respectively. The mean C0 and C2.5 values were not significantly different between the IV and SC groups (C0=12±5.9 versus 12±7.4 mg/L, P=0.97; C2.5=97±42 versus 67±41 mg/L, P=0.99). The mean C0.5 was higher in the IV group compared with the SC group (C0.5=184±90 versus 51±66 mg/L, P=0.001). The mean individual AUCs (1126.92±334.99 mg·h/L for IV versus 1005.3±266.0 mg·h/L for SC, P=0.38) and PTAs were not significantly different between groups. No severe antibiotic-related adverse effects were noted. Conclusions SC administration of ertapenem is an alternative to IV administration in older patients.

Machine retrieval of pharmacodynamic data

1962 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. V. Dietrich
Keyword(s):  
Pharmacodynamic Data

Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic data extrapolation models for improved pediatric efficacy and toxicity estimation, with application to secondary hyperparathyroidism

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 882-896
Author(s):  
Cynthia Basu ◽  
Xiaoye Ma ◽  
May Mo ◽  
Hong Amy Xia ◽  
Richard Brundage ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Hyperparathyroidism ◽  
Data Extrapolation ◽  
Pharmacodynamic Data ◽  
Toxicity Estimation
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