Network Properties of the Thalamic Clock: Role of Oscillatory Behavior in Mood Disorders

1992 ◽  
pp. 235-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
György Buzsáki
Keyword(s):  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Oscillatory Behavior ◽  
Network Properties

1758-P: Type 2 Diabetes–Associated Mood Disorders: Role of Insulin Resistance in Serotonergic Neurons

Diabetes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 1758-P
Author(s):  
HUGO MARTIN ◽  
SÉBASTIEN BULLICH ◽  
FABIEN DUCROCQ ◽  
MARION GRALAND ◽  
CLARA OLIVRY ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Serotonergic Neurons ◽  
P Type

EMDR as therapy for conditions other than PTSD: a systematic review.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Scelles ◽  
LUIS CARLO BULNES
Keyword(s):  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Treatment As Usual ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Adult Personality ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Psychiatric Conditions ◽  
Research Criteria ◽  
Positive Effect

Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) is a treatment for post-traumatic stressdisorder (PTSD). The technique is known to stimulate the capacity to reprocess maladaptive memoriesthat are thought to be central to this pathology. Here we investigate if EMDR therapy can be used in otherconditions than PTSD. We conducted a systematic literature search on PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Web of Science. Wesearched for published empirical findings on EMDR, excluding those centred on trauma and PTSD,published up to 2020. The results were classified by psychiatric categories.   Ninety articles met our research criteria. A positive effect was reported in addictions, somatoformdisorders, sexual dysfunction, eating disorder, disorders of adult personality, mood disorders, reaction tosevere stress, anxiety disorders, performance anxiety, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD), pain,neurodegenerative disorders, paedopsychiatry and sleep. The evidence was more consistent in pain, OCD,mood disorders, and reaction to severe stress.EMDR’s efficiency across numerous pathological situations, highlighted the central role of affectivememory in several psychiatric and non-psychiatric conditions. Furthermore, EMDR seems to besuccessful in usually uncooperative (e.g. Dementia) or unproductive cases (e.g. aphasia). Moreover, insome severe medical situations were psychologic distress was an obstacle, EMDR allowed thecontinuation of treatment-as-usual. Our review suggests that it is a safe and economical therapeuticoption, and its effect in non-pathological situations opens new avenues for translational research. Overallmore methodologically rigorous studies are needed.

The role of dopamine in mood disorders and the associated changes in circadian rhythms and sleep-wake cycle

2019 ◽  
Vol 1713 ◽  
pp. 42-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Basma Radwan ◽  
He Liu ◽  
Dipesh Chaudhury
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythms ◽  
Mood Disorders

Bursting in Inhibitory Interneuronal Networks: A Role for Gap-Junctional Coupling

1999 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
pp. 1274-1283 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. K. Skinner ◽  
L. Zhang ◽  
J. L. Perez Velazquez ◽  
P. L. Carlen
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Work ◽  
Oscillatory Behavior ◽  
Minimal Network ◽  
Junctional Coupling ◽  
Synchronization Mechanisms ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Gap Junctional ◽  
Gap Junctional Coupling ◽  
Inhibitory Networks

Bursting in inhibitory interneuronal networks: a role for gap-junctional coupling. Much work now emphasizes the concept that interneuronal networks play critical roles in generating synchronized, oscillatory behavior. Experimental work has shown that functional inhibitory networks alone can produce synchronized activity, and theoretical work has demonstrated how synchrony could occur in mutually inhibitory networks. Even though gap junctions are known to exist between interneurons, their role is far from clear. We present a mechanism by which synchronized bursting can be produced in a minimal network of mutually inhibitory and gap-junctionally coupled neurons. The bursting relies on the presence of persistent sodium and slowly inactivating potassium currents in the individual neurons. Both GABAA inhibitory currents and gap-junctional coupling are required for stable bursting behavior to be obtained. Typically, the role of gap-junctional coupling is focused on synchronization mechanisms. However, these results suggest that a possible role of gap-junctional coupling may lie in the generation and stabilization of bursting oscillatory behavior.

Pathologic role of nitrergic neurotransmission in mood disorders

2019 ◽  
Vol 173 ◽  
pp. 54-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehdi Ghasemi ◽  
Joshua Claunch ◽  
Kathy Niu
Keyword(s):  
Mood Disorders

scholarly journals Network Effects on the Robustness of Dynamic Systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-149
Author(s):  
Ketan Savla ◽  
Jeff S. Shamma ◽  
Munther A. Dahleh
Keyword(s):  
Network Flow ◽  
Network Effects ◽  
Cascading Failure ◽  
Economic Networks ◽  
Worst Case ◽  
Linear Dynamics ◽  
Physical Constraints ◽  
Small Gain ◽  
Network Properties

We review selected results related to the robustness of networked systems in finite and asymptotically large size regimes in static and dynamical settings. In the static setting, within the framework of flow over finite networks, we discuss the effect of physical constraints on robustness to loss in link capacities. In the dynamical setting, we review several settings in which small-gain-type analysis provides tight robustness guarantees for linear dynamics over finite networks toward worst-case and stochastic disturbances. We discuss network flow dynamic settings where nonlinear techniques facilitate understanding the effect, on robustness, of constraints on capacity and information, substituting information with control action, and cascading failure. We also contrast cascading failure with a representative contagion model. For asymptotically large networks, we discuss the role of network properties in connecting microscopic shocks to emergent macroscopic fluctuations under linear dynamics as well as for economic networks at equilibrium. Through this review, we aim to achieve two objectives: to highlight selected settings in which the role of the interconnectivity structure of a network in its robustness is well understood, and to highlight a few additional settings in which existing system-theoretic tools give tight robustness guarantees and that are also appropriate avenues for future network-theoretic investigations.

scholarly journals Controlling Complexity of Cerebral Cortex Simulations—II: Streamlined Microcircuits

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 1066-1084 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henri Hokkanen ◽  
Vafa Andalibi ◽  
Simo Vanni
Keyword(s):  
Reference Model ◽  
Computation Time ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Oscillatory Behavior ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Attractive Alternative ◽  
Cortical Circuits ◽  
Neuron Models ◽  
High Calcium

Recently, Markram et al. (2015) presented a model of the rat somatosensory microcircuit (Markram model). Their model is high in anatomical and physiological detail, and its simulation requires supercomputers. The lack of neuroinformatics and computing power is an obstacle for using a similar approach to build models of other cortical areas or larger cortical systems. Simplified neuron models offer an attractive alternative to high-fidelity Hodgkin-Huxley-type neuron models, but their validity in modeling cortical circuits is unclear. We simplified the Markram model to a network of exponential integrate-and-fire (EIF) neurons that runs on a single CPU core in reasonable time. We analyzed the electrophysiology and the morphology of the Markram model neurons with eFel and NeuroM tools, provided by the Blue Brain Project. We then constructed neurons with few compartments and averaged parameters from the reference model. We used the CxSystem simulation framework to explore the role of short-term plasticity and GABA[Formula: see text] and NMDA synaptic conductances in replicating oscillatory phenomena in the Markram model. We show that having a slow inhibitory synaptic conductance (GABA[Formula: see text] allows replication of oscillatory behavior in the high-calcium state. Furthermore, we show that qualitatively similar dynamics are seen even with a reduced number of cell types (from 55 to 17 types). This reduction halved the computation time. Our results suggest that qualitative dynamics of cortical microcircuits can be studied using limited neuroinformatics and computing resources supporting parameter exploration and simulation of cortical systems. The simplification procedure can easily be adapted to studying other microcircuits for which sparse electrophysiological and morphological data are available.

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