EMDR as therapy for conditions other than PTSD: a systematic review.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Scelles ◽  
LUIS CARLO BULNES
Keyword(s):  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Treatment As Usual ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Adult Personality ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Psychiatric Conditions ◽  
Research Criteria ◽  
Positive Effect

Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) is a treatment for post-traumatic stressdisorder (PTSD). The technique is known to stimulate the capacity to reprocess maladaptive memoriesthat are thought to be central to this pathology. Here we investigate if EMDR therapy can be used in otherconditions than PTSD. We conducted a systematic literature search on PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Web of Science. Wesearched for published empirical findings on EMDR, excluding those centred on trauma and PTSD,published up to 2020. The results were classified by psychiatric categories.   Ninety articles met our research criteria. A positive effect was reported in addictions, somatoformdisorders, sexual dysfunction, eating disorder, disorders of adult personality, mood disorders, reaction tosevere stress, anxiety disorders, performance anxiety, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD), pain,neurodegenerative disorders, paedopsychiatry and sleep. The evidence was more consistent in pain, OCD,mood disorders, and reaction to severe stress.EMDR’s efficiency across numerous pathological situations, highlighted the central role of affectivememory in several psychiatric and non-psychiatric conditions. Furthermore, EMDR seems to besuccessful in usually uncooperative (e.g. Dementia) or unproductive cases (e.g. aphasia). Moreover, insome severe medical situations were psychologic distress was an obstacle, EMDR allowed thecontinuation of treatment-as-usual. Our review suggests that it is a safe and economical therapeuticoption, and its effect in non-pathological situations opens new avenues for translational research. Overallmore methodologically rigorous studies are needed.

scholarly journals EMDR as Treatment Option for Conditions Other Than PTSD: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Scelles ◽  
Luis Carlo Bulnes
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Option ◽  
Somatoform Disorders ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Treatment As Usual ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Adult Personality ◽  
Alternative Treatment Option ◽  
Positive Outlook

Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing (EMDR) is a treatment for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The technique is known to facilitate reprocessing of maladaptive memories that are thought to be central to this pathology. Here we investigate if EMDR therapy can be used in other conditions. We conducted a systematic literature search on PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Web of Science. We searched for published empirical findings on EMDR, excluding those centred on trauma and PTSD, published up to 2020. The results were classified by psychiatric categories. Ninety articles met our research criteria. A positive effect was reported in numerous pathological situations, namely in addictions, somatoform disorders, sexual dysfunction, eating disorders, disorders of adult personality, mood disorders, reaction to severe stress, anxiety disorders, performance anxiety, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD), pain, neurodegenerative disorders, mental disorders of childhood and adolescence, and sleep. Some studies reported that EMDR was successful in usually uncooperative (e.g., Dementia) or unproductive cases (e.g., aphasia). Moreover, in some severe medical conditions, when psychological distress was an obstacle, EMDR allowed the continuation of treatment-as-usual. Furthermore, the effects observed in non-pathological situations invite for translational research. Despite a generally positive outlook of EMDR as an alternative treatment option, more methodologically rigorous studies are needed. We discuss the advantages and limitations and possible implications for the hypothesised mechanisms of action.

scholarly journals What pharmacology teaches us about the pathophysiology of obsessive-compulsive disorder

2000 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 185-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donatella Marazziti ◽  
Elena Di Nasso
Keyword(s):  
Second Messengers ◽  
Receptor Subtypes ◽  
Specific Response ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Psychiatric Conditions ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorders ◽  
Compulsive Disorders

Once considered rare and resistant to treatments, obsessive-compulsive disorders (OCD) has now emerged as one the most common psychiatric conditions, with a lifetime prevalence of about 2.5 %, and as a major cause of long-term disability to patients and their families. The treatment of OCD has changed dramatically over the last decade following the introduction of selective serotonin (5-HT) reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), such as fluoxetine, fluvoxamine, paroxetine, sertraline, citalopram, which provide symptom remission in about 60% of the patients. OCD is unique in the response to serotonergic agents and it has been clearly demonstrated that non-serotonergic antidepressants such as desipramine have no effect. The specific response of OCD patients to SSRIs has emphasized the possible role of the main target of these drugs, namely the 5-HT system, in the pathophysiology of the disorder. If the role of 5-HT in OCD is not questionable, future studies should be directed towards the elucidation of the 5-HT receptor subtypes involved, of the second messengers transducing the signal, as well as of the interactions between 5-HT and the other neurotransmitters.

Psychiatric disorders in youth suicide and suicide attempters

2021 ◽  
pp. 573-586
Author(s):  
Mira Levis Frenk ◽  
Cendrine Bursztein ◽  
Alan Apter
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Illness ◽  
Adolescent Suicide ◽  
Young Person ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Suicide Behaviour ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Psychiatric Conditions

This chapter reviews common psychiatric disorders and conditions which appear to be major risk factors for all types of suicidality, both non-fatal and fatal, among children and adolescents. Psychiatric illness remains the most well-defined risk factor for adolescent suicide and suicidality should be assessed in every young person suffering from a serious mental illness. These psychiatric conditions include personality disorders, conduct disorder, affective disorder, bipolar disorder, anxiety disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, schizophrenia, substance abuse, and eating disorders. Each psychiatric condition is described and discussed in terms of its unique features that are associated with suicidal behaviours and its risk for suicide behaviour.

A family study of obsessive compulsive, eating and mood disorders

1994 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Pasquale ◽  
G Sciuto ◽  
S Cocchi ◽  
P Ronchi ◽  
L Bellodi
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Family Study ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Familial Risk ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Eating ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Psychiatric Conditions ◽  
Morbidity Risks

SummaryWe calculated Morbidity Risks (MR%) for the major psychiatric conditions in the families of three groups of patients, affected by Eating Disorders (ED; n = 41), Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD; n = 70) and Mood Disorders (MD; n = 39). Our aim was to verify the hypothesis of a common familial pattern of aggregation. Familial risk of developing OCD was significantly increased in the families of OCD probands. Homotypic cases were also augmented in ED and MD families with respect to the rates of the general population, although without statistical significance in the crosswise comparisons. These results confirm the existence of a genetic susceptibility to the development of OCD.

scholarly journals Interoception and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: A Review of Current Evidence and Future Directions

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura B. Bragdon ◽  
Goi Khia Eng ◽  
Amanda Belanger ◽  
Katherine A. Collins ◽  
Emily R. Stern
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Subjective Experience ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Symptom Dimensions ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Bodily Sensations ◽  
Psychiatric Conditions ◽  
New Treatment

Disrupted interoceptive processes are present in a range of psychiatric conditions, and there is a small but growing body of research on the role of interoception in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). In this review, we outline dimensions of interoception and review current literature on the processing of internal bodily sensations within OCD. Investigations in OCD utilizing objective measures of interoception are limited and results mixed, however, the subjective experience of internal bodily sensations appears to be atypical and relate to specific patterns of symptom dimensions. Further, neuroimaging investigations suggest that interoception is related to core features of OCD, particularly sensory phenomena and disgust. Interoception is discussed in the context of treatment by presenting an overview of existing interventions and suggesting how modifications aimed at better targeting interoceptive processes could serve to optimize outcomes. Interoception represents a promising direction for multi-method research in OCD, which we expect, will prove useful for improving current interventions and identifying new treatment targets.

Pupil with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 7-25
Author(s):  
Karolina Diallo
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
School Performance ◽  
School Environment ◽  
Detrimental Effect ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
The Past ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact

Pupil with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. Over the past twenty years childhood OCD has received more attention than any other anxiety disorder that occurs in the childhood. The increasing interest and research in this area have led to increasing number of diagnoses of OCD in children and adolescents, which affects both specialists and teachers. Depending on the severity of symptoms OCD has a detrimental effect upon child's school performance, which can lead almost to the impossibility to concentrate on school and associated duties. This article is devoted to the obsessive-compulsive disorder and its specifics in children, focusing on the impact of this disorder on behaviour, experience and performance of the child in the school environment. It mentions how important is the role of the teacher in whose class the pupil with this diagnosis is and it points out that it is necessary to increase teachers' competence to identify children with OCD symptoms, to take the disease into the account, to adapt the course of teaching and to introduce such measures that could help children reduce the anxiety and maintain (or increase) the school performance within and in accordance with the school regulations and curriculum.

Sex Differences in Anxiety Disorders

2019 ◽  
pp. 404-432
Author(s):  
Teresa A. Piggott ◽  
Alexandra N. Duran ◽  
Isha Jalnapurkar ◽  
Tyler Kimm ◽  
Stephanie Linscheid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Considerable Research ◽  
Psychosocial Influences ◽  
Psychiatric Conditions ◽  
The Impact

Women are more likely than men to meet lifetime criteria for an anxiety disorder. Moreover, anxiety is a risk factor for the development of other psychiatric conditions, including major depression. Numerous studies have identified evidence of sex differences in anxiety disorders, and there is considerable research concerning factors that may contribute to vulnerability for anxiety in females. In addition to psychosocial influences, biological components such as the female reproductive hormone cycle have also been implicated. Although psychotropic medication is more likely to be prescribed to women, there is little controlled data available concerning sex differences in the efficacy and/or tolerability of pharmacotherapy in anxiety disorders. This chapter provides an overview of the impact of gender in the epidemiology, phenomenology, course, and treatment response in generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), social anxiety disorder (SAD), posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), panic disorder (PD), and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD).

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