Invasive Infections Caused by Streptococcus pyogenes in Denmark 1990–1994

1997 ◽  
pp. 201-205
Author(s):  
Jørgen Henrichsen ◽  
Helle B. Konradsen
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pyogenes ◽  
Invasive Infections

scholarly journals A New Rapid and Cost-Effective Method for Detection of Phages, ICEs and Virulence Factors Encoded by Streptococcus pyogenes

2011 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 187-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANNA L. BOREK ◽  
JOANNA WILEMSKA ◽  
RADOSŁAW IZDEBSKI ◽  
WALERIA HRYNIEWICZ ◽  
IZABELA SITKIEWICZ
Keyword(s):  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Streptococcus Pyogenes ◽  
Group A Streptococcus ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Cost Effective Method ◽  
Effective System ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Invasive Infections ◽  
Integration Sites ◽  
Severity Of The Disease

Streptococcus pyogenes (group A Streptococcus, GAS) is a human pathogen that causes diseases of various intensity, from mild strep throat to life threatening invasive infections and postinfectional sequelae. S. pyogenes encodes multiple, often phage encoded, virulence factors and their presence is related to severity of the disease. Acquisition of mobile genetic elements, carrying virulence factors, as phages or ICEs (integrative and cojugative elements) has been shown previously to promote selection of virulent clones. We designed the system of eight low volume multi- and one singleplex PCR reactions to detect genes encoding twenty virulence factors (spd3, sdc, sdaB, sdaD, speB, spyCEP, scpA, mac, sic, speL, K, M, C, I, A, H, G, J, smeZ and ssa) and twenty one phage and ICE integration sites described so far for S. pyogenes. Classification of strains based on the phage and virulence factors absence or presence, correlates with PFGE MLST and emm typing results. We developed a novel, fast and cost effective system that can be used to detect GAS virulence factors. Moreover, this system may become an alternative and effective system to differentiate between GAS strains.

scholarly journals Distribution of emm type and antibiotic susceptibility of group A streptococci causing invasive and noninvasive disease

2008 ◽  
Vol 57 (11) ◽  
pp. 1383-1388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeaki Wajima ◽  
Somay Y. Murayama ◽  
Katsuhiko Sunaoshi ◽  
Eiichi Nakayama ◽  
Keisuke Sunakawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pyogenes ◽  
Macrolide Antibiotic ◽  
Group A Streptococcus ◽  
Acute Otitis Media ◽  
Toxic Shock ◽  
Medical Institutions ◽  
Invasive Infections ◽  
Group A ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Emm Type

To determine the prevalence of macrolide antibiotic and levofloxacin resistance in infections with Streptococcus pyogenes (group A streptococcus or GAS), strains were collected from 45 medical institutions in various parts of Japan between October 2003 and September 2006. Four hundred and eighty-two strains from patients with GAS infections were characterized genetically. Strains were classified into four groups according to the type of infection: invasive infections (n=74) including sepsis, cellulitis and toxic-shock-like syndrome; acute otitis media (AOM; n=23); abscess (n=53); and pharyngotonsillitis (n=332). Among all strains, 32 emm types were identified; emm1 was significantly more common in invasive infections (39.2 %) and AOM (43.5 %) than in abscesses (3.8 %) or pharyngotonsillitis (10.2 %). emm12 and emm4 each accounted for 23.5 % of pharyngotonsillitis cases. Susceptibility of GAS strains to eight β-lactam agents was excellent, with MICs of 0.0005–0.063 μg ml−1. Macrolide-resistant strains accounted for 16.2 % of all strains, while the percentages of strains possessing the resistance genes erm(A), erm(B) and mef(A) were 2.5 %, 6.2 % and 7.5 %, respectively. Although no strains with high resistance to levofloxacin were found, strains with an MIC of 2–4 μg ml−1 (17.4 %) had amino acid substitutions at either Ser-79 or Asp-83 in ParC. These levofloxacin-intermediately resistant strains included 16 emm types, but macrolide-resistant strains were more likely than others to represent certain emm types.

scholarly journals Streptococcus pyogenes evades adaptive immunity through specific IgG glycan hydrolysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 216 (7) ◽  
pp. 1615-1629 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Naegeli ◽  
Eleni Bratanis ◽  
Christofer Karlsson ◽  
Oonagh Shannon ◽  
Raja Kalluru ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pyogenes ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Group A Streptococcus ◽  
Invasive Infection ◽  
Invasive Infections ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Group A ◽  
Specific Igg

Streptococcus pyogenes (Group A streptococcus; GAS) is a human pathogen causing diseases from uncomplicated tonsillitis to life-threatening invasive infections. GAS secretes EndoS, an endoglycosidase that specifically cleaves the conserved N-glycan on IgG antibodies. In vitro, removal of this glycan impairs IgG effector functions, but its relevance to GAS infection in vivo is unclear. Using targeted mass spectrometry, we characterized the effects of EndoS on host IgG glycosylation during the course of infections in humans. Substantial IgG glycan hydrolysis occurred at the site of infection and systemically in the severe cases. We demonstrated decreased resistance to phagocytic killing of GAS lacking EndoS in vitro and decreased virulence in a mouse model of invasive infection. This is the first described example of specific bacterial IgG glycan hydrolysis during infection and thereby verifies the hypothesis that EndoS modifies antibodies in vivo. This mechanisms of immune evasion could have implications for treatment of severe GAS infections and for future efforts at vaccine development.

scholarly journals Strains of Streptococcus pyogenes from Severe Invasive Infections Bind HEp2 and HaCaT Cells More Avidly than Strains from Uncomplicated Infections

2003 ◽  
Vol 41 (8) ◽  
pp. 3936-3938 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. L Edwards ◽  
P. K. Fagan ◽  
H. Smith-Vaughan ◽  
B. J. Currie ◽  
K. S. Sriprakash
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pyogenes ◽  
Hacat Cells ◽  
Invasive Infections

scholarly journals Invasive Streptococcus pyogenes infection – a retrospective clinical analysis of 6 cases

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-63
Author(s):  
Maria Grunert ◽  
◽  
Michalina Malik ◽  
Kaja Lewandowska ◽  
Edyta Machura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pyogenes ◽  
Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Pleural Empyema ◽  
Clinical Analysis ◽  
Invasive Infection ◽  
Invasive Infections ◽  
Post Streptococcal Glomerulonephritis ◽  
One Year

In recent years, there has been a rise in the number of invasive infections caused by Streptococcus pyogenes. The reasons for the observed increased prevalence of the disease are not entirely clear. The present study describes the cases of 6 children hospitalised over a course of one year with a diagnosis of invasive infection due to this pathogen. Three patients were diagnosed with acute post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis and pneumonia (complicated by pleural empyema in 1 patient). Two patients had erysipelas (including one case of recurrent erysipelas), and 1 patient was found to have an abscess in the border area between the femur and soft tissues. The study analyses the clinical course of infection, and highlights the importance of diagnostic tests, particularly the antistreptolysin O titre test, in confirming the infection triggered by Streptococcus pyogenes.

scholarly journals Cellular Growth Arrest and Efflux Pumps Are Associated With Antibiotic Persisters in Streptococcus pyogenes Induced in Biofilm-Like Environments

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Lopes Martini ◽  
Amada Zambrana Coronado ◽  
Maria Celeste Nunes Melo ◽  
Clarice Neffa Gobbi ◽  
Úrsula Santos Lopez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Cell Growth ◽  
Streptococcus Pyogenes ◽  
Protein Biosynthesis ◽  
Efflux Pumps ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
Cellular Growth ◽  
Abiotic Surfaces ◽  
Invasive Infections ◽  
Group A

Streptococcus pyogenes (group A Streptococcus-GAS) is an important pathogen for humans. GAS has been associated with severe and invasive diseases. Despite the fact that these bacteria remain universally susceptible to penicillin, therapeutic failures have been reported in some GAS infections. Many hypotheses have been proposed to explain these antibiotic-unresponsive infections; however, none of them have fully elucidated this phenomenon. In this study, we show that GAS strains have the ability to form antimicrobial persisters when inoculated on abiotic surfaces to form a film of bacterial agglomerates (biofilm-like environment). Our data suggest that efflux pumps were possibly involved in this phenomenon. In fact, gene expression assays by real-time qRT-PCR showed upregulation of some genes associated with efflux pumps in persisters arising in the presence of penicillin. Phenotypic reversion assay and whole-genome sequencing indicated that this event was due to non-inherited resistance mechanisms. The persister cells showed downregulation of genes associated with protein biosynthesis and cell growth, as demonstrated by gene expression assays. Moreover, the proteomic analysis revealed that susceptible cells express higher levels of ribosome proteins. It is remarkable that previous studies have reported the recovery of S. pyogenes viable cells from tissue biopsies of patients presented with GAS invasive infections and submitted to therapy with antibiotics. The persistence phenomenon described herein brings new insights into the origin of therapeutic failures in S. pyogenes infections. Multifactorial mechanisms involving protein synthesis inhibition, cell growth impairment and efflux pumps seem to play roles in the formation of antimicrobial persisters in S. pyogenes.

scholarly journals Virulence factors of Streptococcus pyogenes strains from women in peri-labor with invasive infections

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 747-754 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Golińska ◽  
M. van der Linden ◽  
G. Więcek ◽  
D. Mikołajczyk ◽  
A. Machul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Streptococcus Pyogenes ◽  
Invasive Infections

scholarly journals High Cell Density and Antimicrobial Persistence in Streptococcus Pyogenes 

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Martini ◽  
Amada Coronado ◽  
Maria Celeste Melo ◽  
Clarice Gobbi ◽  
Úrsula Lopez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Cell Density ◽  
Streptococcus Pyogenes ◽  
High Cell Density ◽  
Protein Biosynthesis ◽  
Bacterial Load ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
High Cell ◽  
Clinical Resistance ◽  
Invasive Infections

Abstract Streptococcus pyogenes (group A Streptococcus-GAS) is an important pathogen for humans. GAS has been associated with severe and invasive diseases. Despite the fact that these bacteria remain universally susceptible to penicillin, therapeutic failures have been reported in some GAS infections. Many hypotheses have been proposed to explain these antibiotic-unresponsive infections, however none of them has fully elucidated this phenomenon. In this study, antimicrobial persistence emerged when GAS strains were grown at high cell density. Strong efflux activity was detected, and gene expression assays by real-time qRT-PCR showed upregulation of some genes associated with efflux pumps in persistent cells arising in the presence of penicillin. Subsequent phenotypic reversion and whole-genome sequencing indicated that this event was due to non-inherited resistance mechanisms. The tiny persistent colonies showed downregulation of genes associated with protein biosynthesis and cell growth, as demonstrated by gene expression assays. Moreover, proteomic analyses showed that susceptible cells express higher levels of ribosome proteins. The generation of persistent cells due to high bacterial load might be an important mechanism of clinical resistance in GAS invasive infections that has been overlooked. The phenomenon described here might shed some light on the origin of therapeutic failures in S. pyogenes infections.

scholarly journals Invasive infections due to Streptococcus pyogenes: seasonal variation of severity and clinical characteristics, Iceland, 1975 to 2012

2014 ◽  
Vol 19 (17) ◽  
Author(s):  
L B Olafsdottir ◽  
H Erlendsdóttir ◽  
J Melo-Cristino ◽  
D M Weinberger ◽  
M Ramirez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pyogenes ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Host Susceptibility ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Virulent Strains ◽  
Invasive Infections ◽  
Group A ◽  
Severe Infections

Epidemiology and clinical characteristics of invasive Group A streptococcal infections (IGASI) are highly variable. Long-term studies are needed to understand the interplay between epidemiology and virulence. In a population-based study of IGASI in Iceland from 1975 to 2012, 288 cases were identified by positive cultures from normally sterile body sites. Charts were reviewed retrospectively and emm-types of viable Streptococcus pyogenes isolates (n=226) determined. Comparing the first and last decade of the study period, IGASI incidence increased from 1.09 to 3.96 cases per 100,000 inhabitants per year. The most common were emm types 1 (25%), 28 (11%) and 89 (11%); emm1 strains were most likely to cause severe infections. Infections in adults were significantly more likely to be severe during the seasonal peak from January to April (risk ratio: 2.36, 95% confidence interval: 1.34–4.15). Significant seasonal variability in severity was noted among patients with diagnosis of sepsis, respiratory infection and cellulitis, with 38% of severe infections in January to April compared with 16% in other months (p<0.01). A seasonal increase in severity of IGASI suggested that generalised seasonal increase in host susceptibility, rather than introduction of more virulent strains may play a role in the pathogenesis of these potentially fatal infections.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document