The Role of eNOS in Vascular Diseases

2007 ◽  
pp. 227-243
Author(s):  
Alexey Kuroedov ◽  
Francesco Cosentino ◽  
Felix C. Tanner ◽  
F. Lüscher
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Diseases

Role of Emotional Processes in Cardio-vascular Diseases

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suman Balhara ◽  
Nov Rattan Sharma ◽  
Amrita Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Diseases ◽  
Emotional Processes ◽  
Cardio Vascular

scholarly journals Thromboses and Hemostasis Disorders Associated with Coronavirus Disease 2019: The Possible Causal Role of Cross-Reactivity and Immunological Imprinting

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darja Kanduc
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
Vascular Diseases ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Active Immunization ◽  
Thromboembolic Complications ◽  
Human Proteins ◽  
Almost All

AbstractBy examining the issue of the thromboses and hemostasis disorders associated with severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) through the lens of cross-reactivity, it was found that 60 pentapeptides are shared by SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein (gp) and human proteins that— when altered, mutated, deficient or, however, improperly functioning— cause vascular diseases, thromboembolic complications, venous thrombosis, thrombocytopenia, coagulopathies, and bleeding, inter alia. The peptide commonality has a relevant immunological potential as almost all of the shared sequences are present in experimentally validated SARS-CoV-2 spike gp-derived epitopes, thus supporting the possibility of cross-reactions between the viral gp and the thromboses-related human proteins. Moreover, many of the shared peptide sequences are also present in pathogens to which individuals have previously been exposed following natural infection or vaccinal routes, and of which the immune system has stored imprint. Such an immunological memory might rapidly trigger anamnestic secondary cross-reactive responses of extreme affinity and avidity, in this way explaining the thromboembolic adverse events that can associate with SARS-CoV-2 infection or active immunization.

scholarly journals SUMOylation Negatively Regulates Angiogenesis by Targeting Endothelial NOTCH Signaling

2017 ◽  
Vol 121 (6) ◽  
pp. 636-649 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaolong Zhu ◽  
Sha Ding ◽  
Cong Qiu ◽  
Yanna Shi ◽  
Lin Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Notch Signaling ◽  
Cell Fate ◽  
Developmental Disorders ◽  
Interaction Mechanism ◽  
Growth Factor Receptor ◽  
Vascular Diseases ◽  
Cell Interaction ◽  
Protein Signaling

Rationale: The highly conserved NOTCH (neurogenic locus notch homolog protein) signaling pathway functions as a key cell–cell interaction mechanism controlling cell fate and tissue patterning, whereas its dysregulation is implicated in a variety of developmental disorders and cancers. The pivotal role of endothelial NOTCH in regulation of angiogenesis is widely appreciated; however, little is known about what controls its signal transduction. Our previous study indicated the potential role of post-translational SUMO (small ubiquitin-like modifier) modification (SUMOylation) in vascular disorders. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the role of SUMOylation in endothelial NOTCH signaling and angiogenesis. Methods and Results: Endothelial SENP1 (sentrin-specific protease 1) deletion, in newly generated endothelial SENP1 (the major protease of the SUMO system)–deficient mice, significantly delayed retinal vascularization by maintaining prolonged NOTCH1 signaling, as confirmed in cultured endothelial cells. An in vitro SUMOylation assay and immunoprecipitation revealed that when SENP1 associated with N1ICD (NOTCH1 intracellular domain), it functions as a deSUMOylase of N1ICD SUMOylation on conserved lysines. Immunoblot and immunoprecipitation analyses and dual-luciferase assays of natural and SUMO-conjugated/nonconjugated NOTCH1 forms demonstrated that SUMO conjugation facilitated NOTCH1 cleavage. This released N1ICD from the membrane and stabilized it for translocation to the nucleus where it functions as a cotranscriptional factor. Functionally, SENP1-mediated NOTCH1 deSUMOylation was required for NOTCH signal activation in response to DLL4 (Delta-like 4) stimulation. This in turn suppressed VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) receptor signaling and angiogenesis, as evidenced by immunoblotted signaling molecules and in vitro angiogenesis assays. Conclusions: These results establish reversible NOTCH1 SUMOylation as a regulatory mechanism in coordinating endothelial angiogenic signaling; SENP1 acts as a critical intrinsic mediator of this process. These findings may apply to NOTCH-regulated biological events in nonvascular tissues and provide a novel therapeutic strategy for vascular diseases and tumors.

The role of the ultrasound dopplerography in diagnosis of vascular diseases

1998 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. S49
Author(s):  
M.V. Isaeva ◽  
M.I. Pylkov ◽  
A.R. Zubarev ◽  
A.V. Bystrov ◽  
O.Y. Izotova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Diseases

E-health and interventional radiology in gynecology

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Alghanimi
Keyword(s):  
Interventional Radiology ◽  
Vascular Diseases ◽  
Obstetrics And Gynecology ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
Preservation Of Fertility ◽  
Fluid Collections ◽  
New Procedures ◽  
Pelvic Congestion

Purpose This paper aims to summarize the radiological interventions that can be used by obstetricians and gynecologists. Design/methodology/approach E-health systems apply in all hospital sectors in the world; interventional radiology (IR) now includes transcatheter and percutaneous techniques that can be applied to various organ systems, including the female reproductive system and pelvis. Interventional radiologists can now offer many services to obstetricians and gynecologists. With the advent of new procedures and refinement of existing techniques, there are now a number of procedures that can be used to treat both vascular and non-vascular diseases. This review summarizes the radiological interventions that can be used by obstetricians and gynecologists. Findings This review is intended to help gynecologists and obstetricians understand the role of IR in their specialty. Many valuable vascular and nonvascular interventional services can be provided by radiologists for both obstetric and gynecological indications. Many of these IR procedures are minimally invasive with less risk to the patients. Originality/value IR is now being used to treat some conditions encountered in obstetrics and gynecology, in particular, uterine leiomyomas, placenta accreta, postpartum hemorrhage and pelvic congestion syndrome. Moreover, with the help of IR, radiologists can also manage several nonvascular pathologies, including drainage of pelvic abscesses, fallopian tube recanalization, image-guided biopsy and fluid collections involving ovarian lesions. The major challenges faced when performing obstetric IR procedures are reduction of radiation exposure for the patient and fetus and preservation of fertility. This review highlights the role of IR in the treatment of various vascular and nonvascular pathologies encountered in obstetrics and gynecology.

scholarly journals Regenerative Effects of Heme Oxygenase Metabolites on Neuroinflammatory Diseases

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huiju Lee ◽  
Yoon Choi
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Heme Oxygenase ◽  
Neurovascular Unit ◽  
Vascular Diseases ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Cns Injury ◽  
Perivascular Cells ◽  
Major Barrier ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Heme oxygenase (HO) catabolizes heme to produce HO metabolites, such as carbon monoxide (CO) and bilirubin (BR), which have gained recognition as biological signal transduction effectors. The neurovascular unit refers to a highly evolved network among endothelial cells, pericytes, astrocytes, microglia, neurons, and neural stem cells in the central nervous system (CNS). Proper communication and functional circuitry in these diverse cell types is essential for effective CNS homeostasis. Neuroinflammation is associated with the vascular pathogenesis of many CNS disorders. CNS injury elicits responses from activated glia (e.g., astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and microglia) and from damaged perivascular cells (e.g., pericytes and endothelial cells). Most brain lesions cause extensive proliferation and growth of existing glial cells around the site of injury, leading to reactions causing glial scarring, which may act as a major barrier to neuronal regrowth in the CNS. In addition, damaged perivascular cells lead to the breakdown of the blood-neural barrier, and an increase in immune activation, activated glia, and neuroinflammation. The present review discusses the regenerative role of HO metabolites, such as CO and BR, in various vascular diseases of the CNS such as stroke, traumatic brain injury, diabetic retinopathy, and Alzheimer’s disease, and the role of several other signaling molecules.

scholarly journals TNF-α-Induced YAP/TAZ Activity Mediates Leukocyte-Endothelial Adhesion by Regulating VCAM1 Expression in Endothelial Cells

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (11) ◽  
pp. 3428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyun-Jung Choi ◽  
Na-Eun Kim ◽  
Byeong Kim ◽  
Miran Seo ◽  
Ji Heo
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Rho Gtpases ◽  
Leukocyte Adhesion ◽  
Hippo Pathway ◽  
Specific Inhibitor ◽  
Vascular Diseases ◽  
Adhesive Properties ◽  
Sprouting Angiogenesis ◽  
Tnf Α

YAP/TAZ, a transcriptional co-activator of Hippo pathway, has emerged as a central player in vessel homeostasis such as sprouting angiogenesis and vascular barrier stabilization, during development. However, the role of YAP/TAZ in pathological angiogenesis remains unclear. Here, we demonstrated that YAP/TAZ is a critical mediator in leukocyte-endothelial adhesion induced by the vascular inflammatory cytokine TNF-α. YAP/TAZ was dephosphorylated, translocated from the cytosol to the nucleus, and activated by TNF-α in endothelial cells. A specific inhibitor of Rho GTPases suppressed the TNF-α-induced dephosphorylation of YAP. Knockdown of YAP/TAZ using siRNA significantly reduced the expression of the leukocyte adhesion molecule VCAM1 induced by TNF-α. The adhesion of monocytes to endothelial cells was also markedly reduced by YAP/TAZ silencing. However, knockdown of YAP/TAZ did not affect TNF-α-induced NF-κB signaling. Overall, these results suggest that YAP/TAZ plays critical roles in regulating TNF-α-induced endothelial cell adhesive properties without affecting the NF-κB pathway, and implicate YAP/TAZ as a potential therapeutic target for treating inflammatory vascular diseases.

scholarly journals The Role of Peptidyl Prolyl Isomerases in Aging and Vascular Diseases

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lana McClements ◽  
Stephanie Annett ◽  
Anita Yakkundi ◽  
Tracy Robson
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Diseases ◽  
Peptidyl Prolyl Isomerases

Matrix Stiffening Induces a Pathogenic QKI-miR-7-SRSF1 Signaling Axis in Pulmonary Arterial Endothelial Cells

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen-Shan Chen Woodcock ◽  
Neha Hafeez ◽  
Adam Handen ◽  
Ying Tang ◽  
Lloyd D Harvey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Rna Binding ◽  
Vascular Diseases ◽  
Vascular Stiffness ◽  
Artery Stiffness ◽  
Signaling Axis ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial ◽  
Arterial Endothelial Cells ◽  
Splicing Factor 1

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) refers to a set of heterogeneous vascular diseases defined by elevation of pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP) and pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR), leading to right ventricular (RV) remodeling and often death. Early increases in pulmonary artery stiffness in PAH drive pathogenic alterations of pulmonary arterial endothelial cells (PAECs), leading to vascular remodeling. Dysregulation of microRNAs can drive PAEC dysfunction. However, the role of vascular stiffness in regulating pathogenic microRNAs in PAH is incompletely understood. Here, we demonstrated that extracellular matrix (ECM) stiffening downregulated miR-7 levels in PAECs. The RNA binding protein Quaking (QKI) has been implicated in the biogenesis of miR-7. Correspondingly, we found that ECM stiffness up-regulated QKI, and QKI knockdown led to increased miR-7. Downstream of the QKI-miR-7 axis, the serine and arginine rich splicing factor 1 (SRSF1) was identified as a direct target of miR-7. Correspondingly, SRSF1 was reciprocally up-regulated in PAECs exposed to stiff ECM and was negatively correlated with miR-7. Decreased miR-7 and increased QKI and SRSF1 were observed in lungs from PAH patients and PAH rats exposed to SU5416/hypoxia. Lastly, miR-7 upregulation inhibited human PAEC migration, while forced SRSF1 expression reversed this phenotype, proving that miR-7 depended upon SRSF1 to control migration. In aggregate, these results define the QKI-miR-7-SRSF1 axis as a mechanosensitive mechanism linking pulmonary arterial vascular stiffness to pathogenic endothelial function. These findings emphasize implications relevant to PAH and suggest the potential benefit of developing therapies that target this miRNA-dependent axis in PAH.

Вasic research in ophthalmology – the modern perspective of new approaches to primary and secondary prevention of vascular diseases of the eye

2015 ◽  
pp. 11-17
Author(s):  
Nataliia Veselovska ◽  
Zoya Veselovska
Keyword(s):  
Vascular Diseases ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Visual Image ◽  
Primary And Secondary Prevention ◽  
Medical Problems ◽  
Mechanisms Of Formation ◽  
Literary Materials ◽  
Modern Perspective ◽  
High Information

This paper is presenting the literary materials about the necessity and importance of basic research in the field of medicine, particularly ophthalmology. These data revealed the analysis of well-known studies conducted by our famous scientists from different branches of medicine to explore different aspects of the functioning of the retina, to investigate the mechanisms of formation of the visual image, to define the role of individual cells in the function of color vision with different methods, to reveal the effects of ionizing radiation on the lens after Chernobyl disaster. This article contains the information about the results of learning the peculiarities of physiological and pathological processes in retina cells on the intracellular and membrane levels using the unique experimental techniques. The history aspects of some basic research in medicine and ophthalmology are revealed too. On these data the authors demonstrate the evidence of high information content and the importance of interdisciplinary research in the resolving of complex medical problems for the future of ophthalmology with involving the more informative methods of different subjects of medicine.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document