Ectopic autologous transplantation of ovarian tissue as a feasible technique to assess ovarian morphophysiology

Summary The cryopreservation of murine ovarian tissue and its transplantation can be a promising technique for the preservation of fertility and an alternative for the future reconstitution of scientific valuable strains of mice. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to describe the entire surgical procedure for ovariectomy and dorsal subcutaneous autotransplantation in mice, and also some data about the efficiency of this procedure. Female C57Bl/6J mice (n = 18) were anaesthetised and bilaterally ovariectomized. After surgery, ovaries were autotransplanted in small subcutaneous pouches in the dorsal region of the forelimbs. The animals were inspected daily and, 23 days after transplantation, euthanasia and recovery of ovarian tissues were performed. Postoperative recovery, oestrous cyclicity, and folliculogenesis progression were evaluated. At 23 days after transplantation, the recovery of the ovaries was feasible, all classes (primordial to antral) of follicles were observed. Additionally, satisfactory efficiency rates were obtained, with 100% of anaesthesia survival rate, survival, graft recovery, folliculogenesis progression and oestrous cyclicity. In general, this short article describes ovarian ectopic autologous transplantation as an effective technique for maintaining rodent oogenesis and endocrine ovarian function. Even more broadly, we can still assume that the application of this technique may reduce the number of breeding matrices and experimental animals in the near future.

E-health and interventional radiology in gynecology

Purpose This paper aims to summarize the radiological interventions that can be used by obstetricians and gynecologists. Design/methodology/approach E-health systems apply in all hospital sectors in the world; interventional radiology (IR) now includes transcatheter and percutaneous techniques that can be applied to various organ systems, including the female reproductive system and pelvis. Interventional radiologists can now offer many services to obstetricians and gynecologists. With the advent of new procedures and refinement of existing techniques, there are now a number of procedures that can be used to treat both vascular and non-vascular diseases. This review summarizes the radiological interventions that can be used by obstetricians and gynecologists. Findings This review is intended to help gynecologists and obstetricians understand the role of IR in their specialty. Many valuable vascular and nonvascular interventional services can be provided by radiologists for both obstetric and gynecological indications. Many of these IR procedures are minimally invasive with less risk to the patients. Originality/value IR is now being used to treat some conditions encountered in obstetrics and gynecology, in particular, uterine leiomyomas, placenta accreta, postpartum hemorrhage and pelvic congestion syndrome. Moreover, with the help of IR, radiologists can also manage several nonvascular pathologies, including drainage of pelvic abscesses, fallopian tube recanalization, image-guided biopsy and fluid collections involving ovarian lesions. The major challenges faced when performing obstetric IR procedures are reduction of radiation exposure for the patient and fetus and preservation of fertility. This review highlights the role of IR in the treatment of various vascular and nonvascular pathologies encountered in obstetrics and gynecology.

Oocyte Biobanks: Old Assumptions and New Challenges

The preservation of fertility is a clinical issue that has been emerging considerably in recent decades, as the number of patients of childbearing age who risk becoming infertile for many reasons is increasing. The cryopreservation technique of oocytes has been developed for many years and nowadays constitutes a method of safe storage with impressive efficacy and high rates of successful thawing. The storage and use for research of oocytes taken for medical or non-medical can be carried out by both public and private structures, through egg sharing, voluntary egg donation and so-called “social freezing” for autologous use. This paper focuses on the oocyte bank as an emerging cryopreservation facility, in which a collaboration between public and private and the creation of a network of these biobanks can be useful in enhancing both their implementation and their functions. Good oocyte biobank practice would require that they be collected, stored, and used according to appropriate bioethical and bio-law criteria, collected and stored according to procedures that guarantee the best preservation of their structural components and a high level of safety, connected with appropriate procedures to protect the rights and privacy of the parties involved and associated with the results of the bio-molecular investigations that will be carried out gradually.

The productivity of crop rotations on the eroded slope of ordinary chernozems depending on agricultural practices

Field experiments were carried out in the Rostov region on the slope of ordinary chernozems in the system of contour-strip organization of the territory in 2011-2020. The aim of the research was the development of agrotechnical methods (design of crop rotation, the method of basic tillage and the background of fertilizers), which ensure high productivity of crop rotations on the eroded slope of ordinary chernozems and the preservation of fertility. The experiment included three factors: the design of the crop rotation, the method of the main tillage, the background of mineral fertilizers. It was found that, on average, for the period of research, the level of mineral nutrition has the greatest influence on the productivity of the crop rotation (83.9%), followed by the design of the crop rotation (14.9%). The influence of basic tillage is estimated at only 1.2%. It was found that the introduction of 20% of perennial grasses into the structure of crop rotation reduces soil washout by 19.5-27.7%, and an increase in the proportion of perennial grasses to 40% by 38.3-43.8%. The use of chisel tillage reduces washout by 15.6-24.2%, and with it the loss of humus. In the “C” crop rotation in all variants of the experiment, the humus content increased by 0.010.03%. It was revealed that the productivity of all the studied crop rotations changed under the influence of agrotechnical methods, reaching in the crop rotation “C” with 40% of perennial grasses and 60% of grain crops on average for the studied period the highest value of 3.53 t / ha of grain units, which is 9.3% higher than in the “B” crop rotation and 17.3% higher than in the “A” crop rotation.

Criopreservação de oócitos no menacme: aconselhamento e indicações / Oocyte cryopreservation in the menacme: counseling and indications

Introdução: Os avanços nas técnicas de reprodução assistida têm possibilitado a preservação da fertilidade em mulheres que desejam adiar a maternidade ou naquelas que têm seu potencial reprodutivo ameaçado. Nesse contexto, a introdução da vitrificação de oócitos foi um avanço significativo na tecnologia reprodutiva, e vem mostrando resultados similares aos obtidos com oócitos frescos. Objetivo: O presente estudo tem como objetivo rever as principais indicações para a criopreservação de oócitos. Métodos: Foi feita uma revisão narrativa da literatura, pautada nos descritores e nos termos mais utilizados para vitrificação de oócitos, tendo como base LILACS, SciELO e PubMed. Resultados e conclusão: Baseado no atual nível de evidência, a criopreservação de oócitos não deve mais ser considerada técnica experimental. Foram observadas algumas indicações para vitrificação de oócitos entre elas destacam–se: mulheres saudáveis que desejam postergar a gestação, mulheres que serão submetidas a tratamentos gonadotóxicos e cirurgias ovarianas extensas, programas de ovodoação e vitrificação com o propósito de flexibilizar os protocolos de reprodução assistida.Palavras chave: Criopreservação, Preservação da fertilidade, Vitrificação, Oócitos, Infertilidade ABSTRACTIntroduction: Advances in assisted reproductive techniques have allowed preservation of fertility among women who wish to postpone maternity or have their reproductive potential threatened. In this context, the introduction of oocyte vitrification has evidenced to be a remarkable technological progress, and has shown similar results to those obtained with fresh oocytes. Objective: The present study aims to review the main indications of oocyte cryopreservation. Methods: A narrative review of the literature was carried out, based on the descriptors and terms most used for oocyte vitrification, based on LILACS, SciELO and PubMed. Results and conclusion: Based on the current level of evidence, oocyte cryopreservation should no longer be considered an experimental technique. Patients are accessing and receiving oocyte cryopreservation for a wide range of indications, among them the following stand out: healthy women who wish to postpone pregnancy, women who will undergo gonadotoxic treatments and extensive ovarian surgery, ovodoation and vitrification programs with the purpose of making assisted reproduction protocols more flexible.Keywords: Cryopreservation, Fertility preservation, Vitrification, Oocyte, Infertility